万物简史 第74期:事物的测定(22)

 In 1781 Herschel became the first person in the modern era to discover a planet. He wanted to call it George, after the British monarch¹, but was overruled. Instead it became Uranus².

1781年，赫歇尔成为现代行星发现者的先驱。他曾想把自己发现的行星命名为英国君王的名字——乔治，但当时那样做是允许的。所以那颗行星被更名为天王星。

But of all that Michell accomplished³, nothing was more ingenious or had greater impact than a machine he designed and built for measuring the mass of the Earth. Unfortunately, he died before he could conduct the experiments and both the idea and the necessary equipment were passed on to a brilliant but magnificently retiring London scientist named Henry Cavendish.

然而，在米歇尔的成就当中，最精巧或最有影响的莫过于他自己设计、自己制作的一台用于测量地球质量的仪器。不幸的是，他生前没能完成这项试验。这项试验以及必要的设备都传给了一位杰出而又离群索居的伦敦科学家，他的名字叫亨利·卡文迪许。

Cavendish is a book in himself. Born into a life of sumptuous⁴ privilege—his grandfathers were dukes, respectively, of Devonshire and Kent—he was the most gifted English scientist of his age, but also the strangest. He suffered, in the words of one of his few biographers, from shyness to a "degree bordering on disease." Any human contact was for him a source of the deepest discomfort⁵.

卡文迪许本身就是一部书。他生于一个生活奢华的权贵家庭--祖父和外祖父分别是德文郡公爵和肯特公爵--是那个年代最有才华而又极其古怪的英国科学家。几位作家为他写过传记。用其中一位的话来说，他特别腼腆，"几乎到了病态的程度"。他跟任何人接触都会感到局促不安。

Once he opened his door to find an Austrian admirer, freshly arrived from Vienna, on the front step. Excitedly the Austrian began to babble⁶ out praise. For a few moments Cavendish received the compliments as if they were blows from a blunt object and then, unable to take any more, fled down the path and out the gate, leaving the front door wide open. It was some hours before he could be coaxed⁷ back to the property. Even his housekeeper⁸ communicated with him by letter.

有一回，他打开房门，只见前门台阶上立着一位刚从维也纳来的奥地利仰慕者。那奥地利人非常激动，对他赞不绝口。一时之间，卡文迪许听着那个赞扬，仿佛挨了一记闷棍；接着，他再也无法忍受，顺着小路飞奔而去，出了大门，连前门也顾不得关上。几个小时以后，他才被劝说回家。连他的管家都要以书信的方式跟他交流.

 

1 monarch   

n.帝王，君主，最高统治者

参考例句：

• The monarch's role is purely ceremonial.君主纯粹是个礼仪职位。
• I think myself happier now than the greatest monarch upon earth.我觉得这个时候比世界上什么帝王都快乐。

2 Uranus   

n.天王星

参考例句：

• Uranus is unusual because it is tilted.天王星非常特殊，因为它是倾斜的。
• Uranus represents sudden change and rebellion.天王星代表突然性的改变和反叛。

3 accomplished   

adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的

参考例句：

• Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
• Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。

4 sumptuous   

adj.豪华的，奢侈的，华丽的

参考例句：

• The guests turned up dressed in sumptuous evening gowns.客人们身着华丽的夜礼服出现了。
• We were ushered into a sumptuous dining hall.我们被领进一个豪华的餐厅。

5 discomfort   

n.不舒服，不安，难过，困难，不方便

参考例句：

• One has to bear a little discomfort while travelling.旅行中总要忍受一点不便。
• She turned red with discomfort when the teacher spoke.老师讲话时她不好意思地红着脸。

6 babble   

v.含糊不清地说，胡言乱语地说，儿语

参考例句：

• No one could understand the little baby's babble. 没人能听懂这个小婴孩的话。
• The babble of voices in the next compartment annoyed all of us.隔壁的车厢隔间里不间歇的嘈杂谈话声让我们都很气恼。

7 coaxed   

v.哄，用好话劝说( coax的过去式和过去分词 )；巧言骗取；哄劝，劝诱

参考例句：

• She coaxed the horse into coming a little closer. 她哄着那匹马让它再靠近了一点。
• I coaxed my sister into taking me to the theatre. 我用好话哄姐姐带我去看戏。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

8 housekeeper   

n.管理家务的主妇，女管家

参考例句：

• A spotless stove told us that his mother is a diligent housekeeper.炉子清洁无瑕就表明他母亲是个勤劳的主妇。
• She is an economical housekeeper and feeds her family cheaply.她节约持家，一家人吃得很省。