万物简史 第98期:敲石头的人们(23)

 In the course of a long career (he lived till 1907 and the age of eighty-three), he wrote 661 papers, accumulated 69 patents (from which he grew abundantly wealthy), and gained renown¹ in nearly every branch of the physical sciences.

在漫长的生涯里（他活到1907年，享年83岁），他写了661篇论文，总共获得69项专利（因此变得很富裕），在物理学的差不多每个学科都享有盛誉。

Among much else, he suggested the method that led directly to the invention of refrigeration, devised the scale of absolute temperature that still bears his name, invented the boosting devices that allowed telegrams to be sent across oceans, and made innumerable improvements to shipping² and navigation, from the invention of a popular marine³ compass to the creation of the first depth sounder. And those were merely his practical achievements.

其中，他提出一个方法，后来直接导致制冷技术的发明；设计了绝对温标，至今仍冠以他的名字；发明了增压装置，使越洋发送电报成为可能；还对海运和航海作了无数改进，从发明一个深受欢迎的航海罗盘，到创造第一个深度探测器。这些只是他有实用价值的成果。

His theoretical work, in electromagnetism, thermodynamics, and the wave theory of light, was equally revolutionary.

他在电磁学、热力学和光的波动等理论方面的成果同样是革命性的。

1 renown   

n.声誉，名望

参考例句：

• His renown has spread throughout the country.他的名声已传遍全国。
• She used to be a singer of some renown.她曾是位小有名气的歌手。

2 shipping   

n.船运（发货，运输，乘船）

参考例句：

• We struck a bargain with an American shipping firm.我们和一家美国船运公司谈成了一笔生意。
• There's a shipping charge of ￡5 added to the price.价格之外另加五英镑运输费。

3 marine   

adj.海的；海生的；航海的；海事的；n.水兵

参考例句：

• Marine creatures are those which live in the sea. 海洋生物是生存在海里的生物。
• When the war broke out,he volunteered for the Marine Corps.战争爆发时，他自愿参加了海军陆战队。