万物简史 第118期:势不两立的科学(19)

 Capitalizing on Mantell's enfeebled state, Owen set about systematically¹ expunging² Mantell's contributions from the record, renaming species that Mantell had named years before and claiming credit for their discovery for himself. Mantell continued to try to do original research but Owen used his influence at the Royal Society to ensure that most of his papers were rejected.

欧文利用曼特尔体弱多病的状态，着手系统地从档案中勾销他的贡献，重新命名曼特尔多年以前已经命名过的物种，把他发现这些物种的功劳占为己有。曼特尔还想搞一些创新的研究工作，但欧文利用自己在皇家学会的影响，确保曼特尔的大部分论文被拒绝采用。

In 1852, unable to bear any more pain or persecution³, Mantell took his own life. His deformed⁴ spine⁵ was removed and sent to the Royal College of Surgeons where—and now here's an irony⁶ for you—it was placed in the care of Richard Owen, director of the college's Hunterian Museum.

1852年，曼特尔再也无法忍受疼痛或迫害，结束了自己的生命。他那根变了形的脊椎被取出来送到皇家外科学院——这又是一件很有讽刺意味的事——由该学院的亨特博物馆馆长理查德·欧文保管。

But the insults had not quite finished. Soon after Mantell's death an arrestingly uncharitable obituary⁷ appeared in the Literary Gazette. In it Mantell was characterized as a mediocre⁸ anatomist whose modest contributions to paleontology were limited by a "want of exact knowledge." The obituary even removed the discovery of the iguanodon from him and credited it instead to Cuvier and Owen, among others. Though the piece carried no byline⁹, the style was Owen's and no one in the world of the natural sciences doubted the authorship.

但是，污辱没有完全结束。曼特尔死后不久，《文学》杂志刊登了一篇极其无情的悼文。在那篇文章里，曼特尔被描述成一名二流的解剖学家，他对古生物学的一点儿贡献“由于缺乏过硬的知识”而受到限制。悼文甚至抹去了他发现禽龙的功劳，把这个功劳归于居维叶和欧文等人。悼文没有署名，但其风格是欧文的，自然科学界谁也不会怀疑作者是谁。

1 systematically   

adv.有系统地

参考例句：

• This government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
• The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。

2 expunging   

v.擦掉( expunge的现在分词 )；除去；删去；消除

参考例句：

3 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

4 deformed   

adj.畸形的；变形的；丑的，破相了的

参考例句：

• He was born with a deformed right leg.他出生时右腿畸形。
• His body was deformed by leprosy.他的身体因为麻风病变形了。

5 spine   

n.脊柱，脊椎；(动植物的)刺；书脊

参考例句：

• He broke his spine in a fall from a horse.他从马上跌下摔断了脊梁骨。
• His spine developed a slight curve.他的脊柱有点弯曲。

6 irony   

n.反语，冷嘲；具有讽刺意味的事，嘲弄

参考例句：

• She said to him with slight irony.她略带嘲讽地对他说。
• In her voice we could sense a certain tinge of irony.从她的声音里我们可以感到某种讥讽的意味。

7 obituary   

n.讣告，死亡公告；adj.死亡的

参考例句：

• The obituary records the whole life of the deceased.讣文记述了这位死者的生平。
• Five days after the letter came,he found Andersen s obituary in the morning paper.收到那封信五天后，他在早报上发现了安德森的讣告。

8 mediocre   

adj.平常的，普通的

参考例句：

• The student tried hard,but his work is mediocre. 该生学习刻苦，但学业平庸。
• Only lazybones and mediocre persons could hanker after the days of messing together.只有懒汉庸才才会留恋那大锅饭的年代。

9 byline   

n.署名；v.署名

参考例句：

• His byline was absent as well.他的署名也不见了。
• We wish to thank the author of this article which carries no byline.我们要感谢这篇文章的那位没有署名的作者。