有声读物《孙子兵法》第52期:第九章 行军(3)

 　　行军篇 NO.3：

　　凡地有绝涧、天井、天牢、天罗、天陷、天隙，必亟去之，勿近也。

　　吾远之，敌近之；吾迎之，敌背之。

　　军旁有险阻、潢井、葭苇、林木、翳荟者，必谨覆索之，此伏奸之所处也。

　　这句啥意思：

　　凡遇到或通过“绝涧”、“天井”、“天牢”、“天罗”、“天陷”、“天隙”这几种地形，必须迅速离开，不要接近。

　　我们应该远离这些地形，而让敌人去靠近它；我们应面向这些地形，而让敌人去背靠它。

　　军队两旁遇到有险峻的隘路、湖沼、水网、芦苇、山林和草木茂盛的地方，必须谨慎地反复搜索，这些都是敌人可能埋设伏兵和隐伏奸细的地方。

　　英文这么说：

　　Country in which there are precipitous cliffs with torrents¹ running between, deep natural hollows,confined places, tangled² thickets³, quagmires⁴ and crevasses,should be left with all possible speed and not approached.

　　While we keep away from such places, we should get the enemy to approach them; while we face them,we should let the enemy have them on his rear.

　　If in the neighborhood of your camp there should be any hilly country, ponds surrounded by aquatic⁵ grass,hollow basins filled with reeds, or woods with thick undergrowth, they must be carefully routed out and searched;for these are places where men in ambush⁶ or insidious⁷ spies are likely to be lurking⁸.

　　几种地形的白话分析

　　绝涧：溪谷深峻，水流其间；天井：类似于盆地； 天牢：高山环绕，易进难出；天罗：草深林密，难以出入；天陷：地势低洼，道路泥泞； 天隙：两山相向，涧道狭窄。

1 torrents   

n.倾注；奔流( torrent的名词复数 )；急流；爆发；连续不断

参考例句：

• The torrents scoured out a channel down the hill side. 急流沿着山腰冲刷出一条水沟。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• Sudden rainstorms would bring the mountain torrents rushing down. 突然的暴雨会使山洪暴发。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

2 tangled   

adj. 纠缠的，紊乱的 动词tangle的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• Your hair's so tangled that I can't comb it. 你的头发太乱了，我梳不动。
• A movement caught his eye in the tangled undergrowth. 乱灌木丛里的晃动引起了他的注意。

3 thickets   

n.灌木丛( thicket的名词复数 )；丛状物

参考例句：

• Small trees became thinly scattered among less dense thickets. 小树稀稀朗朗地立在树林里。 来自辞典例句
• The entire surface is covered with dense thickets. 所有的地面盖满了密密层层的灌木丛。 来自辞典例句

4 quagmires   

n.沼泽地，泥潭( quagmire的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The deer, looking soaked, leave quagmires, where they pass. 湿淋淋的野鹿经过的地方，留下了一个个的泥塘。 来自辞典例句

5 aquatic   

adj.水生的，水栖的

参考例句：

• Aquatic sports include swimming and rowing.水上运动包括游泳和划船。
• We visited an aquatic city in Italy.我们在意大利访问过一个水上城市。

6 ambush   

n.埋伏(地点)；伏兵；v.埋伏；伏击

参考例句：

• Our soldiers lay in ambush in the jungle for the enemy.我方战士埋伏在丛林中等待敌人。
• Four men led by a sergeant lay in ambush at the crossroads.由一名中士率领的四名士兵埋伏在十字路口。

7 insidious   

adj.阴险的，隐匿的，暗中为害的，（疾病）不知不觉之间加剧

参考例句：

• That insidious man bad-mouthed me to almost everyone else.那个阴险的家伙几乎见人便说我的坏话。
• Organized crime has an insidious influence on all who come into contact with it.所有和集团犯罪有关的人都会不知不觉地受坏影响。

8 lurking   

潜在

参考例句：

• Why are you lurking around outside my house? 你在我房子外面鬼鬼祟祟的，想干什么？
• There is a suspicious man lurking in the shadows. 有一可疑的人躲在阴暗中。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》