听力文摘：音乐和非文字记忆

Music and Verbal Memory

音乐和非文字记忆

Even if you haven't touched a piano in years, if you suffered through music lessons as a kid you may have benefited from those lessons in ways you wouldn't expect. When you train on a musical instrument your brain is stimulated¹ and changes and develops as a result. Because the parts of the brain are interconnected this stimulation² doesn't affect musical ability only.

即使你已经很久没有弹钢琴，但只要你小时候学过钢琴，你就能在各个意想不到的方面受益于这些钢琴课。当你在训练一种乐器时，大脑受到刺激而变化生长。由于大脑的各个部分是相互连接的，这种刺激不会只影响到音乐能力。

Psychologists have discovered that the stimulation musical training enacts³ on the left temporal region of your brain enhances verbal memory. People with musical training are significantly better at recalling words from a list and learning new words. What's more, the longer the duration of musical training, the better the verbal memory.

心理学家还发现，这种音乐刺激训练担当大脑的左颞区可以提高非文字记忆。接受过音乐训练的人能够更容易记住单词，学习新的单词也更容易。更重要的是，音乐训练的时间越久，非文字记忆能力越强。

So while children who study music for two years demonstrate better verbal memory than children who have not studied music, children who continue to study music continue to improve their verbal memory.

因此，学过两年音乐的孩子，他们的非文字记忆比没学过音乐的孩子要强得多，而继续学习音乐孩子的记忆会随之提高。

The good news for those of us who trained on musical instruments but quit at some point is that we don't seem to lose the verbal benefits we gain from this training.

有个好消息，对于那些学过乐器后来又放弃的同学，你们并不会失去这种训练的好处。

Scientists are particularly interested in what this suggests about the interconnectedness of the brain and thus the predictability of the effects of stimulation to a brain area on cognitive⁴ functions located in that area. Further research may lead to developments in cognitive rehabilitation⁵ for people with brain injuries. For example, in order to rebuild verbal memory in patients with injury to that part of the brain, doctors may prescribe music lessons.

科学家们对大脑的这种相互连接特别感兴趣，从而预测音乐刺激对大脑认知能力的影响就在这个区域。进一步的研究可能导向对脑损伤病人在认知康复的发展。例如，为了重建病人大脑受损的非文字记忆部分，医生也许会开设音乐课。

1 stimulated   

a.刺激的

参考例句：

• The exhibition has stimulated interest in her work. 展览增进了人们对她作品的兴趣。
• The award has stimulated her into working still harder. 奖金促使她更加努力地工作。

2 stimulation   

n.刺激，激励，鼓舞

参考例句：

• The playgroup provides plenty of stimulation for the children.幼儿游戏组给孩子很多启发。
• You don't get any intellectual stimulation in this job.你不能从这份工作中获得任何智力启发。

3 enacts   

制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• The legislative branch enacts laws; the executive branch enforces them, and the judicial branch interprets them. 立法部门制订法律，行政部门执行法律，司法部门解释法律。
• Hold phasic characteristic correctly, ability enacts the policy with an actual suit, measure. 正确地把握形势特点，才能制定出切合实际的政策、措施。

4 cognitive   

adj.认知的，认识的，有感知的

参考例句：

• As children grow older,their cognitive processes become sharper.孩子们越长越大，他们的认知过程变得更为敏锐。
• The cognitive psychologist is like the tinker who wants to know how a clock works.认知心理学者倒很像一个需要通晓钟表如何运转的钟表修理匠。

5 rehabilitation   

n.康复，悔过自新，修复，复兴，复职，复位

参考例句：

• He's booked himself into a rehabilitation clinic.他自己联系了一家康复诊所。
• No one can really make me rehabilitation of injuries.已经没有人可以真正令我的伤康复了。