向前一步:第17期 职业女性的内在障碍(6)

 The pipeline¹ that supplies the educated workforce² is chock-full of women at the entry level, 所以，在社会教育的劳动者中，处级岗位上挤满了女性。

but by the time that same pipeline is filling leadership positions, it is overwhelmingly stocked with men. 而同时期的领导岗位却被男性占满。

There are so many reasons for this winnowing³ out, but one important contributor is a leadership ambition gap. 这个淘汰过程形成的背后有很多原因，但造成高级职位中女性数量稀少的一个重要原因是缺乏想当领导的进取心。

Of course, many individual women are as professionally ambitious as any individual man. 当然，有不少女人和男人一样在事业上雄心勃勃。

Yet drilling down, the data clearly indicate that in field after field, more men than women aspire⁴ to the most senior jobs. 然而我们深入地看待问题时，有关女性对高级职位渴望度的数据显示，在各个行业里追求高级职位的人，基本都是男性多于女性。

A 2012 McKinsey survey of more than four thousand employees of leading companies  麦肯锡在2012年对于财富500强企业的4000多名员工的一项调查中发现，

found that 36 percent of the men wanted to become CEOs, compared to only 18 percent of the women. 男性中有36%的人想要成为首席执行官，而女性只有18%。

When jobs are described as powerful, challenging, and involving high levels of responsibility, they appeal to more men than women. 当工作被描述为具有影响力、挑战性并涉及高级职责时，要求得到该工作的男性数量明显多于女性。

And while the ambition gap is most pronounced at the highest levels, 尽管我们通常是在高管级别谈论两性在进取心上的差距，

the underlying⁵ dynamic is evident at every step of the career ladder. 但在事业发展的每个阶段，这种差别都很明显。

A survey of college students found  一项关于大学生的调查发现，

that more men than women chose "reaching a managerial level" as a career priority in the first three years after graduating. 毕业后以“进入管理层”作为头3年职业目标的更多是男性。

Even among highly educated professional men and women, more men than women describe themselves as "ambitious." 即使是在那些受过高等教育的男性和女性中，声称自己“有事业抱负”的，也是男性多于女性。

There is some hope that a shift is starting to occur in the next generation.  要在下一代人中实现一些转变仍然是有希望的。

 

1 pipeline   

n.管道，管线

参考例句：

• The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
• A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。

2 workforce   

n.劳动大军，劳动力

参考例句：

• A large part of the workforce is employed in agriculture.劳动人口中一大部分受雇于农业。
• A quarter of the local workforce is unemployed.本地劳动力中有四分之一失业。

3 winnowing   

v.扬( winnow的现在分词 )；辨别；选择；除去

参考例句：

• The petrel came winnowing in from afar on the sea. 海燕从遥远的地方振翼飞来。 来自辞典例句
• He is winnowing wheat now. 他现在正在簸小麦。 来自辞典例句

4 aspire   

vi.(to，after)渴望，追求，有志于

参考例句：

• Living together with you is what I aspire toward in my life.和你一起生活是我一生最大的愿望。
• I aspire to be an innovator not a follower.我迫切希望能变成个开创者而不是跟随者。

5 underlying   

adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的

参考例句：

• The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
• This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。