夏说英语新闻晨读 第255期:投资银行与股价

 本期内容：
For years Snapchat was seen as David to Facebook's Goliath, but it looks as though the underdog has lost its swagger. Shares in the messaging app's parent company Snap fell sharply this week after one of the investment banks that helped to take the company public downgraded its stock. Morgan Stanley had initially¹ been bullish about Snap's stock price, suggesting it would be worth $28 per share within 12 months, but five months on, and with concerns over Instagram, it has revised the price to just $16 – sending ripples² of concern through the market.

David versus Goliath: 以小博大
Underdog: 弱者
Swagger: 张狂的样子
Downgrade: 降低评级
Initially: 一开始
Bullish: 看好（股价）
Ripple: 波动

1 initially   

adv.最初，开始

参考例句：

• The ban was initially opposed by the US.这一禁令首先遭到美国的反对。
• Feathers initially developed from insect scales.羽毛最初由昆虫的翅瓣演化而来。

2 ripples   

逐渐扩散的感觉( ripple的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The moon danced on the ripples. 月亮在涟漪上舞动。
• The sea leaves ripples on the sand. 海水在沙滩上留下了波痕。