新闻周刊:娜斯鲍姆专访:特朗普的恐惧厌恶策略可以被击败(3)

What is behind the disgust we are seeing toward women today?

我们今天看到的对女性的厌恶背后是什么?

Men are angry at women because they aren’t doing what they are supposed to do, which is support men. They are in the workplace claiming their own rights and often outdoing men. They are daring to bring charges of sexual assault and harassment¹. They are just not behaving themselves! And so the desire to beat them down for being disgusting becomes powerful.

男性生女性的气是因为她们没有做她们应该做的事，那就是支持男性。女性在工作场所要求自己的权利，而且往往比男性更胜一筹。女性敢于提出性侵犯和性骚扰的指控。女性就是不守规矩! 所以男性想要打败女性欲望就变得很强烈。

But it’s a new era. My own senator, Tammy Duckworth, an Iraq War veteran and amputee, wanted to bring her second child to the floor of the Senate. They haven’t changed the rules to (explicitly) allow breastfeeding on the floor, but that has happened in other countries. In New Zealand, the prime minister delivered a first child and made a big point of breastfeeding.

但这是一个新时代。我的参议员塔米·达克沃斯是一名伊拉克战争老兵，也是一名截肢者，想把她的第二个孩子带到参议院。他们没有改变规定(明确)允许在地板上哺乳，但在其他国家也发生过这种情况。在新西兰，总理生下了第一个孩子，并强调母乳喂养。

There are women all over the country who are doing well, and many, many men who understand this is not “us vs. them” and who have grown up differently, who understand what it is to treat women with respect. There are enough of them that I think the misogynists² are a dying breed.

全国各地的女性都做得很好，很多很多男性明白这不是“我们与他们”的问题，他们在成长过程中有所不同，他们明白什么是尊重女性。我认为厌女症患者的数量已经足够多了。

There is a tendency on the left to blame conservatives for spreading the rhetoric³ of fear.

左翼倾向于指责保守派散布恐惧言论。

Fear requires belief that you will be harmed, and it is easily manipulated by rhetoric. But irresponsible rhetoric is not just on the right—it’s always happening. And there are plenty of responsible conservatives. [In Monarchy⁴ of Fear] I contrast Trump⁵ not with some Democrats⁶ but with George W. Bush, who, after 9/11, was very careful and responsible in his rhetoric. He said we are going to go get the criminals who did this, but we are not going to demonize an entire religion or people. I don’t approve of everything he did, but he was a responsible custodian⁷ of public emotion.

恐惧需要相信你会受到伤害，它很容易被修辞所操纵。但是不负责任的言论并不仅仅是右翼的——它总是在发生。还有许多负责任的保守派。(在《恐惧的君主政体》中)我将特朗普与乔治?W?布什进行对比，而不是与一些民主党人，后者在9/11事件后在言辞上非常谨慎和负责。他说，我们要去抓做这件事的罪犯，但我们不会妖魔化整个宗教或人民。虽然我不赞成他做的事，但他是一个负责任的公众情感守护者。

Can you give examples of leaders who have been particularly good at that?

你能举一些在这方面特别擅长的领导者的例子吗?

President Franklin Delano Roosevelt was an amazingly careful, responsible custodian of public emotion. FDR knew the American tendency was to think that when poor people are suffering, it’s their own fault. The attitude of the dominant⁸ class was “Oh well, they are lazy slobs who brought the suffering on themselves.” He understood that America needed a new emotional attitude towards the poor, and he set out to show that the poor are people of dignity, worthy⁹ of respect. They suffer not through bad behavior or laziness but through some cataclysm¹⁰ not of their own making.

富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福总统是一位非常细心、负责任的公众情感守护者。罗斯福知道美国人倾向于认为穷人受苦是他们自己的错。统治阶级的态度是“哦，好吧，他们是懒汉，自食其果。”他明白美国需要对穷人采取一种新的情感态度，他开始表明穷人是有尊严的人，值得尊重。他们遭受的不是不良行为或懒惰，而是一些不是他们自己造成的灾难。

He even employed artists to help communicate this, through his New Deal (programs and projects introduced during the Depression). Dorothea Lange, for example, produced some of the most haunting photographs of American poverty. John Steinbeck was writing in the same vein¹¹. This was important.

他甚至雇佣艺术家通过他的新政(大萧条时期推出的项目)来帮助传达这一点。例如，多萝西娅·兰格拍摄了一些最令人难忘的美国贫困照片。约翰·斯坦贝克也以同样的方式写作。这很重要。

1 harassment   

n.骚扰，扰乱，烦恼，烦乱

参考例句：

• She often got telephone harassment at night these days.这些天她经常在夜晚受到电话骚扰。
• The company prohibits any form of harassment.公司禁止任何形式的骚扰行为。

2 misogynists   

n.厌恶女人的人( misogynist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

3 rhetoric   

n.修辞学，浮夸之言语

参考例句：

• Do you know something about rhetoric?你懂点修辞学吗？
• Behind all the rhetoric,his relations with the army are dangerously poised.在冠冕堂皇的言辞背后，他和军队的关系岌岌可危。

4 monarchy   

n.君主，最高统治者；君主政体，君主国

参考例句：

• The monarchy in England plays an important role in British culture.英格兰的君主政体在英国文化中起重要作用。
• The power of the monarchy in Britain today is more symbolical than real.今日英国君主的权力多为象徵性的，无甚实际意义。

5 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

6 democrats   

n.民主主义者，民主人士( democrat的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The Democrats held a pep rally on Capitol Hill yesterday. 民主党昨天在国会山召开了竞选誓师大会。
• The democrats organize a filibuster in the senate. 民主党党员组织了阻挠议事。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 custodian   

n.保管人，监护人；公共建筑看守

参考例句：

• Benitez believes his custodian is among the top five in world football.贝尼特斯坚信他的门将是当今足坛最出色的五人之一。
• When his father died his uncle became his legal custodian.他父亲死后，他叔叔成了他的法定监护人。

8 dominant   

adj.支配的，统治的；占优势的；显性的；n.主因，要素，主要的人(或物)；显性基因

参考例句：

• The British were formerly dominant in India.英国人从前统治印度。
• She was a dominant figure in the French film industry.她在法国电影界是个举足轻重的人物。

9 worthy   

adj.(of)值得的，配得上的；有价值的

参考例句：

• I did not esteem him to be worthy of trust.我认为他不值得信赖。
• There occurred nothing that was worthy to be mentioned.没有值得一提的事发生。

10 cataclysm   

n.洪水，剧变，大灾难

参考例句：

• The extinct volcano's eruption would mean a cataclysm for the city.死火山又重新喷发，对这座城市来说意味着大难临头。
• The cataclysm flooded the entire valley.洪水淹没了整个山谷。

11 vein   

n.血管，静脉；叶脉，纹理；情绪；vt.使成脉络

参考例句：

• The girl is not in the vein for singing today.那女孩今天没有心情唱歌。
• The doctor injects glucose into the patient's vein.医生把葡萄糖注射入病人的静脉。