英国卫报：垃圾食品盛行 我们如何吃得更健康?(9)

Cannon¹ felt that people in Brazil still had a sense that homemade food was something normal and delicious much more so than in the UK with its highly processed diet and long working hours.

坎农认为，巴西人仍然认为，自制食物是正常的、美味的，比英国高度加工且加工时间很长的饮食要好得多。

But its also worth remembering that food cultures are not static, and just sometimes food policy can succeed in changing cultural attitudes for the better.

但值得记住的是，饮食文化不是一成不变的，只是有时食品政策可以成功地改变文化态度，使之更好。

In the 1970s, the region of North Karelia in Finland had some of the worst rates of fatal heart disease in the world.

在20世纪70年代，芬兰的北卡累利阿地区是世界上致命心脏病发病率最高的地区之一。

A visionary young public health official called Pekka Puska implemented² a whole range of measures to address cardiovascular health, all at once.

一位有远见的年轻公共卫生官员佩卡·普斯卡实施了一系列措施来解决心血管健康问题。

Puska worked with womens groups to encourage people to cook new versions of traditional dishes, with more vegetables and less meat.

普斯卡与妇女团体合作，鼓励人们烹饪新版本的传统菜肴，多吃蔬菜，少吃肉。

He supported dairy farmers in diverting some of their land from butter to berries.

他支持奶农将他们的一些用于生产牛奶的土地转为生产浆果。

He persuaded local sausage producers to take out some of the fat and replace it with mushrooms.

他说服当地香肠生产商去掉一些脂肪，用蘑菇代替。

And he recruited an army of local people to act as advocates for the new diet to their friends and neighbours.

他还招募了一群当地人，作为新饮食的倡导者，向他们的朋友和邻居宣传。

Puska also instigated³ smoke-free workplaces. By 2012, cardiovascular mortality among men in the region had dropped by 80%.

普斯卡还倡导无烟工作环境。截至2012年，该地区男性的心血管疾病死亡率下降了80%。

Policy experts still debate which of Puskas various measures made the greatest difference, but in a sense it doesnt matter.

政策专家们仍在争论普斯卡的各种措施中，哪一项影响最大，但从某种意义上说，这并不重要。

This was food policy as doing, not talking, and it worked.

这就是食品政策，关键在于做，而不是在说，以及成效。

A good food policy is one that actually makes it beyond the announcement and gets carried out, with adjustments along the way for anything that doesnt work.

一个好的粮食政策是一个真正超越纸上谈兵、贯彻执行到位的政策，并在执行过程中对任何没有效果的内容进行调整。

The example Dolly Theis likes to give is of the city of Amsterdam, which from 2012 to 2015 brought down rates of child obesity⁴ thanks to a series of measures that included increased support for parents, a ban on junk food marketing⁵ at sporting events, and a rule that the only drink in schools should be water.

多莉-西斯喜欢举的例子是阿姆斯特丹市，从2012年到2015年，由于采取了一系列措施，包括增加对父母的支持力度，禁止在体育赛事中推销垃圾食品，以及规定学校里只能喝水，该市降低了儿童肥胖率。

Can you imagine that here? Theis asks.

你能想象到这里的情况吗？西斯问道。

The hope held out by Dimblebys NFS report is that if enough measures can be put in place at once, as in Amsterdam, something fundamental will shift and we will collectively reach a point where we no longer tolerate a system so stacked against healthy eating.

迪布贝斯的NFS报告提出的希望是，如果能够像阿姆斯特丹那样一次性采取足够多的措施，一些根本性的东西就会发生变化，我们将达成一点共识，即我们不再容忍一个和健康饮食理念背道而驰的饮食系统。

Our forgiving attitude to an ultra-processed food supply today might be a bit like attitudes to tobacco 50 years ago, when smoking on trains was normal.

我们今天对超加工食品的宽容态度可能有点像50年前对烟草的态度，当时在火车上吸烟是正常的。

There are signs that the pandemic has finally jolted⁶ us into new ways of thinking about food.

有迹象表明，疫情最终使我们对食物有了新的思考方式。

Marcus Rashfords passionate⁷ advocacy has made far more people recognise how unacceptable it is to live in a country where mothers like his struggle to buy a good evening meal on minimum-wage jobs.

马库斯-拉什福德的热情宣传使更多人认识到，生活在一个母亲们领着最低工资（他母亲也是这样），辛勤工作买一顿好夜宵的国家是多么的不可接受。

Our great-grandchildren may laugh when we tell them that English schools routinely used to sell sugary drinks for profit, that hospital food courts provided burgers and chips to people who had just undergone heart surgery, and that farmers were paid to produce the very foods that caused the most damage to health and the environment.

当我们告诉我们的曾孙们，英国的学校经常出售含糖饮料以牟利，医院的食品广场给刚做完心脏手术的人提供汉堡和薯条，农民们生产对健康和环境造成最大损害的食品谋生时，他们可能会哈哈大笑。

That was what it was like, we will say, living in a country where the politicians didn't know that food mattered.

我们会说，这就是生活在一个政客们不知道食物重要性的国家里的感觉。

1 cannon   

n.大炮，火炮；飞机上的机关炮

参考例句：

• The soldiers fired the cannon.士兵们开炮。
• The cannon thundered in the hills.大炮在山间轰鸣。

2 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句

3 instigated   

v.使（某事物）开始或发生，鼓动( instigate的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The government has instigated a programme of economic reform. 政府已实施了经济改革方案。
• He instigated the revolt. 他策动了这次叛乱。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

4 obesity   

n.肥胖，肥大

参考例句：

• One effect of overeating may be obesity.吃得过多能导致肥胖。
• Sugar and fat can more easily lead to obesity than some other foods.糖和脂肪比其他食物更容易导致肥胖。

5 marketing   

n.行销，在市场的买卖，买东西

参考例句：

• They are developing marketing network.他们正在发展销售网络。
• He often goes marketing.他经常去市场做生意。

6 jolted   

（使）摇动， （使）震惊( jolt的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The truck jolted and rattled over the rough ground. 卡车嘎吱嘎吱地在凹凸不平的地面上颠簸而行。
• She was jolted out of her reverie as the door opened. 门一开就把她从幻想中惊醒。

7 passionate   

adj.热情的，热烈的，激昂的，易动情的，易怒的，性情暴躁的

参考例句：

• He is said to be the most passionate man.据说他是最有激情的人。
• He is very passionate about the project.他对那个项目非常热心。