发现可以给手机充电的细菌

 

     　　Bacteria Discovered To Recharge Cell Phone

           A microbe called Rhodoferax Ferrireducens，found in the mud at Oyster¹ Bay，Virginia，has been discovered to transfer electrons directly onto an electrode as it metabolizes sugar into electricity．"You can harvest enough electricity to power a cell phone battery for about four days from a sugar cube，"researcher Derek Lovley says．"A cup of sugar contains enough power to light a 60－watt light bulb for about 17 hours．"This process is accomplished² at an astonishing 80% efficiency and produces only carbon dioxide gas as a byproduct．Previous similar reactions progressed at only 1% efficiency and required toxic³ metallic⁴ mediator⁵ chemicals to assist，avoided here because the bacteria grows happily as a slime colony directly on the electrode plates．The bioreaction was found to work not only with glucosebut also with the fruit sugar fructose，with sucrose（found in sugar cane⁶ and sugar beet）and even xylose，a sugary byproduct of wood and straw．In addition，the bacterium⁷ is rugged⁸ and stable，able to grow at temperatures ranging from four to 30℃，with 25℃the optimum．If engineering obstacles can beovercome and manufacturing techniques devised，a power cell based on this process could one day be as compact as household batteries．    

1 oyster   

n.牡蛎；沉默寡言的人

参考例句：

• I enjoy eating oyster; it's really delicious.我喜欢吃牡蛎，它味道真美。
• I find I fairly like eating when he finally persuades me to taste the oyster.当他最后说服我尝尝牡蛎时，我发现我相当喜欢吃。

2 accomplished   

adj.有才艺的；有造诣的；达到了的

参考例句：

• Thanks to your help,we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.亏得你们帮忙,我们才提前完成了任务。
• Removal of excess heat is accomplished by means of a radiator.通过散热器完成多余热量的排出。

3 toxic   

adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的

参考例句：

• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
• There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。

4 metallic   

adj.金属的；金属制的；含金属的；产金属的；像金属的

参考例句：

• A sharp metallic note coming from the outside frightened me.外面传来尖锐铿锵的声音吓了我一跳。
• He picked up a metallic ring last night.昨夜他捡了一个金属戒指。

5 mediator   

n.调解人，中介人

参考例句：

• He always takes the role of a mediator in any dispute.他总是在争论中充当调停人的角色。
• He will appear in the role of mediator.他将出演调停者。

6 cane   

n.手杖，细长的茎，藤条；v.以杖击，以藤编制的

参考例句：

• This sugar cane is quite a sweet and juicy.这甘蔗既甜又多汁。
• English schoolmasters used to cane the boys as a punishment.英国小学老师过去常用教鞭打男学生作为惩罚。

7 bacterium   

n.(pl.)bacteria 细菌

参考例句：

• The bacterium possibly goes in the human body by the mouth.细菌可能通过口进入人体。
• A bacterium is identified as the cause for his duodenal ulcer.一种细菌被断定为造成他十二指肠溃疡的根源。

8 rugged   

adj.高低不平的，粗糙的，粗壮的，强健的

参考例句：

• Football players must be rugged.足球运动员必须健壮。
• The Rocky Mountains have rugged mountains and roads.落基山脉有崇山峻岭和崎岖不平的道路。