英语听力精选进阶版 6742

Callum: Hello and welcome to Authentic¹ Real English. My name is Callum Robertson.

Li: 大家好我是杨莉。

Men: Come 'ere then! Oi! Come on then! Want a fight? Who are ya?!

Li: Callum, 我耳机里听到的是一片片吵吵闹闹要打架的声音，那都是什么人啊？

Callum: Well, Li, they are yobs.

Li: Yobs?

Callum: Yes, yobs. Yob is our phrase for today. It's an informal word that refers to a man who is loud and rude and possibly rather violent.

Li: I see. Yob 是口语，意思是流氓，暴徒。That sounds like you, Callum.

Callum: What you talking about, sounds like me?! What do you mean? Are you asking for a fight?!

Li: Oh no, no… 我不想打架，我可不是你的个! But do you see what I mean? You sound like a yob.

Callum: Erm... well, yes, OK. Sorry about that. Anyway, I chose this word because as many people will know the UK recently experienced some violence on the streets of London and other cities. The word 'yob' was used a great deal at this time.

Li: 你说的没错。在前不久英国的暴力骚乱事件中英国媒体多次使用了流氓暴徒这个词 yob. 下面是选自英国报纸上的一些标题:

UK riots: 11 councils to evict² 'riot yobs'.

Ken³ Clarke blames 'feral' yobs.

600 riot yobs left DNA⁴ on windows.

Riot yobs filmed attacking cop cars.

Riot yobs can't hide.

UK riots: young yobs back on streets despite David Cameron's pledge.

Li: I'm not sure I remember seeing this word yob on the BBC sites.

Callum: Well no. It's a very negative and judgemental word. The BBC tends to avoid this kind of language in its reporting. But this is a piece of British slang that is very common in the UK. We also sometimes use the word yobbo.

Li: Yobbo 也是流氓，暴徒的意思。Hmm, 我想知道这些词语到底从哪里来的呢？

Callum: Well, interestingly what we have here is an example of backslang. If you read the word yob backwards⁵, what do you get?

Li: Boy. 原来 yob 是男孩儿这个单词倒过来 Y.O.B., yob.

Callum: Exactly. So, in the past the word yob meant boy. However, now, as I mentioned, it refers to a rude and violent man, often a young man but not always.

Li: 对不起 Callum, 刚才我把你也叫成了无赖了，其实你并不是那样的人 a yob. 你是一个绅士 you are a gentleman.

Callum: Oh, thanks Li.

Li: 不过我是绝对打不过你的，see how fit and strong you are. So don't you ever frighten me again!

Callum: Alright. Well, you'd better be good then!

1 authentic   

a.真的，真正的；可靠的，可信的，有根据的

参考例句：

• This is an authentic news report. We can depend on it. 这是篇可靠的新闻报道, 我们相信它。
• Autumn is also the authentic season of renewal. 秋天才是真正的除旧布新的季节。

2 evict   

vt.驱逐，赶出，撵走

参考例句：

• The lessor can evict the lessee for failure to pay rent.出租人可驱逐不付租金的承租人。
• The government always says it's for the greater good when they evict farmers from their land.当政府把农民从他们的土地赶出去的时候，总是号称是为了更大众的利益。

3 ken   

n.视野，知识领域

参考例句：

• Such things are beyond my ken.我可不懂这些事。
• Abstract words are beyond the ken of children.抽象的言辞超出小孩所理解的范围.

4 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

5 backwards   

adv.往回地，向原处，倒，相反，前后倒置地

参考例句：

• He turned on the light and began to pace backwards and forwards.他打开电灯并开始走来走去。
• All the girls fell over backwards to get the party ready.姑娘们迫不及待地为聚会做准备。