英语听力精选进阶版 10117

The United States Senate has passed a sweeping¹ but contentious² bill to reform America's immigration system. The bill, which is backed by President Obama, provides for a 13-year pathway to citizenship³ for more than 11 million people living illegally in the United States. Here's Jonny Dymond.

美国参议院压倒性地通过一项改革美国移民制度的法案，但这项法案具有争议性。它得到总统奥巴马的支持，为1100万非法居住在美国的人在居住13年后获得公民资格开辟了道路。约翰尼·戴蒙德报道。

In the shadows of the US economy, as cooks and gardeners, nannies and cleaners and in 100 other occupations, is a vast army living here illegally. Under legislation passed by the Senate, these millions would have a path to citizenship. Thirteen years long, dependent upon good behaviour and payment of backed taxes. At the same time the bill would see what one of its sponsors called a practical militarization of America's border with Mexico that was a critical part of the bargain that would strike. The bill now heads to the House of Representatives where agreement may be much more difficult to find.

在美国经济的阴影下，厨师、园艺工、保姆、清洁工等100多个职业组成了庞大的非法居住人群。根据参议院通过的法律，这几百万人有获得公民资格的机会，他们需要在13年内守规矩并纳税。同时，该法案将加强美国同墨西哥边界的军事化管制，这是这场争论中的关键问题。这项法案目前已递交众议院，在那里可能更难以达成一致。

The authorities in the United States have indicted⁴ the man accused of carrying out the bomb attack on the Boston marathon on numerous criminal counts. Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, who is 19 years old and of a Chechen origin faces the death penalty or life imprisonment⁵ on several of the counts. Paul Adams has more.

美国当局以诸多罪名起诉波士顿马拉松爆炸案的袭击者，19岁的Dzhokhar Tsarnaev在车臣出生，他因数宗指控面临死刑或终身监禁。保罗·亚当斯报道。

Given the extraordinarily⁶ dramatic events that unfolded in and around Boston more than two months ago, it's hardly surprising that Dzhokhar Tsarnaev faces a lengthy⁷ indictment⁸ with 30 separate counts. He is accused of using what’s described as weapons of mass destruction, a reference to the two pressure cooker bombs that exploded near the finish line at the marathon killing⁹ three people. But he also faces multiple firearms charges, one of them in connection with the death of a University police officer, as well as carjacking.

对Dzhokhar Tsarnaev到30宗指控姗姗来迟，但考虑到两个月前波士顿案的戏剧性，这并不令人吃惊。他被控使用大规模毁灭性武器，使用两个压力锅炸弹在马拉松终点线附近实施爆炸，导致三人丧生。但他还面临多宗与武器有关的指控，其中一宗与一名大学警官之死及劫车有关。

The South African President Jacob Zuma says Nelson Mandela's condition has improved although he’s still being described as critical. In Soweto tonight, well wishers have gathered outside Mr. Mandela's former home for an all night prayer vigil. Mike Wooldridge is there.

南非总统雅各布·祖玛说，警官纳尔逊·曼德拉情况仍很严重，但病情已经好转。今晚在索韦托，祝福者们聚集在曼德拉的老家彻夜做守夜祈祷。迈克·伍尔德里奇报道。

There was a song he would hear in Soweto and hundreds of other townships across South Africa during the days of the anti-apartheid struggle. The ANC says it will hold prayer services and vigils of this kind each day while Nelson Mandela remains¹⁰ in hospital. Young and old took part in this Soweto vigil and this spectrum¹¹ of protest had one message for Mr. Mandela. "We need him, please, God. God must prepare to help us, and dead mustn't come."

在反隔离斗争的日子里，在索韦托和南非哥哥城镇，曼德拉都能听到一首歌。非洲民族会议称将在曼德拉住院的日子举行这样的祈祷和守夜，各个年龄的人都参加了索韦托的守夜，他们都向曼德拉传递了这么一个信息，“我们需要他，上帝。上帝一定要帮助我们，死亡不会降临。”

Police in Brazil have clashed with demonstrators ahead of a football match between Spain and Italy in the northeastern city of Fortaleza. About 5,000 people marched towards the stadium a few hours before the Confederations Cup match. This is the latest in a series of protests against corruption¹² and the high cost of preparations for next year's World Cup.

在西班牙和意大利即将举行足球比赛之际，巴西东北部城市福塔雷萨的警察与游行者发生冲突。就在联合杯比赛开始前几小时，5000多人汇聚在体育馆外游行，最近为反对腐败和准备明年世界杯所耗费的高昂费用，巴西已发生多次抗议，这是最近的一次。

United States says it's withdrawing trade privileges from Bangladesh because of the dangerous conditions for workers in the country's textile industry. Last month, more than 1,100 people were killed when the multi-storey factory building they worked in collapsed¹³. The White House said trade benefits for Bangladesh would be suspended until safety conditions were improved.

美国称将停止对孟加拉国的贸易优惠，原因是该国纺织业工人处境危险。上月，一座多层工厂大楼倒塌，导致1100多工人丧生。白宫称将在安全状况改善之前停止对孟加拉国的贸易优惠。

Police in a remote mountainous region of northern Pakistan say three women have been shot dead by a male relative who appears to believe that they have brought shame on their family. The mother and her two daughters were allegedly killed by her step-son after a family video was circulated. Here's Orla Guerin.

巴基斯坦北部一偏远山区警方称，三名妇女被一名男性亲戚开枪打死，凶手似乎怀疑这些妇女令家族蒙羞。就在一段家庭视频播放后，这名母亲和两女儿被她的继子杀死。奥拉·卡圭琳报道。

Human rights campaigners believe the motive¹⁴ for the triple murder was an innocent family video in which the woman's two daughters appear. They say neighbours have told them the video was to blame because the woman’s stepson thought it was an assault on the family's honour. In the mobile phone footage seen by the BBC, the young women are filmed smiling and laughing in the rain outside their family home with some little girls. In the remote northern region where so-called honour killings¹⁵ are common, women are seldom seen by men other than their relatives.

人权人士认为这起导致三人遭谋杀的原因，是一段无辜的家庭录像，里面有这名妇女的两个女儿。他们称，邻居告诉他们要归咎到这段录像上，因为这名妇女的继子认为录像令家族蒙羞。BBC看了这段手机视频，里面年龄的女孩在雨中与小女孩在家门外大笑。在北方这个偏远地区，因荣誉而杀人司空见惯，除了亲属，女性几乎不能被男人看到。

Video footage has emerged of thousands of Shia Muslims in Saudi Arabia protesting against the royal family at the funeral of a man who had been shot by police. The video posted on YouTube shows people chanting death to al-Saud and calling for the arrest of those behind the fatal shooting last week.

视频显示，在一名被警察开枪打死的男子的葬礼上，沙特阿拉伯数千名什叶派穆斯林抗议王室。发布在YouTube上的视频显示，人们高呼阿萨德去死的口号，还要求逮捕上周实施致命射击的凶手。

And French MPs have voted to make restaurants label freshly cooked dishes as home-made on their menus. The draft law is aimed at halting the spread of ready-made meals which are not prepared with fresh ingredients on the premises¹⁶. Fines could be imposed if such meals often heated up in microwave ovens are labeled home-made. Supporters of the bill said it would help to keep the quality of French cuisine¹⁷ high. The French Senate still has to vote on the measure.

法国议员投票决定，要求参观将新做的饭菜在菜单上标为自制饭菜。该法律草案的目的是阻止在餐馆出售没有加新鲜食材的速食饭菜，如果这种在微波炉加热的食物被标为自制饭菜，就要处以罚款。该法案的支持者将这样维护法国美食的高质量，法国参议院还需对此进行表决。

1 sweeping   

adj.范围广大的，一扫无遗的

参考例句：

• The citizens voted for sweeping reforms.公民投票支持全面的改革。
• Can you hear the wind sweeping through the branches?你能听到风掠过树枝的声音吗？

2 contentious   

adj.好辩的，善争吵的

参考例句：

• She was really not of the contentious fighting sort.她委实不是好吵好闹的人。
• Since then they have tended to steer clear of contentious issues.从那时起，他们总想方设法避开有争议的问题。

3 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

4 indicted   

控告，起诉( indict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• The senator was indicted for murder. 那位参议员被控犯谋杀罪。
• He was indicted by a grand jury on two counts of murder. 他被大陪审团以两项谋杀罪名起诉。

5 imprisonment   

n.关押，监禁，坐牢

参考例句：

• His sentence was commuted from death to life imprisonment.他的判决由死刑减为无期徒刑。
• He was sentenced to one year's imprisonment for committing bigamy.他因为犯重婚罪被判入狱一年。

6 extraordinarily   

adv.格外地；极端地

参考例句：

• She is an extraordinarily beautiful girl.她是个美丽非凡的姑娘。
• The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.那天清晨，大海出奇地宁静。

7 lengthy   

adj.漫长的，冗长的

参考例句：

• We devoted a lengthy and full discussion to this topic.我们对这个题目进行了长时间的充分讨论。
• The professor wrote a lengthy book on Napoleon.教授写了一部有关拿破仑的巨著。

8 indictment   

n.起诉；诉状

参考例句：

• He handed up the indictment to the supreme court.他把起诉书送交最高法院。
• They issued an indictment against them.他们起诉了他们。

9 killing   

n.巨额利润；突然赚大钱，发大财

参考例句：

• Investors are set to make a killing from the sell-off.投资者准备清仓以便大赚一笔。
• Last week my brother made a killing on Wall Street.上个周我兄弟在华尔街赚了一大笔。

10 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

11 spectrum   

n.谱，光谱，频谱；范围，幅度，系列

参考例句：

• This is a kind of atomic spectrum.这是一种原子光谱。
• We have known much of the constitution of the solar spectrum.关于太阳光谱的构成，我们已了解不少。

12 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

13 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

14 motive   

n.动机，目的；adv.发动的，运动的

参考例句：

• The police could not find a motive for the murder.警察不能找到谋杀的动机。
• He had some motive in telling this fable.他讲这寓言故事是有用意的。

15 killings   

谋杀( killing的名词复数 )； 突然发大财，暴发

参考例句：

• His statement was seen as an allusion to the recent drug-related killings. 他的声明被视为暗指最近与毒品有关的多起凶杀案。
• The government issued a statement condemning the killings. 政府发表声明谴责这些凶杀事件。

16 premises   

n.建筑物，房屋

参考例句：

• According to the rules,no alcohol can be consumed on the premises.按照规定，场内不准饮酒。
• All repairs are done on the premises and not put out.全部修缮都在家里进行，不用送到外面去做。

17 cuisine   

n.烹调，烹饪法

参考例句：

• This book is the definitive guide to world cuisine.这本书是世界美食的权威指南。
• This restaurant is renowned for its cuisine.这家餐馆以其精美的饭菜而闻名。