英语听力精选进阶版 10226

Classified documents leaked by the US whistleblower Edward Snowden suggested the United States has monitored the telephones of 35 world leaders. A memo¹ published by the Guardian² newspaper in Britain suggested the US National Security Agency began monitoring calls after being given more than 200 key phone numbers by an official from another American government department. Current and former officials in the US, including the former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright, have also said that is routine for countries to spy on each other. Jonny Dymond in Washington has more.

美国泄密者爱德华·斯诺登曝光的秘密文件表明美国监控过世界35位领导人的电话。英国《卫报》出版的备忘录称，在美国另一政府部门官员给出200多个官员的关键号码后，美国国安局就开始监控电话。无论是美国现任还是以往的官员，包括前国务卿马德琳·奥尔布赖特都称，国家之间相互监控是常有之事。约翰尼·戴蒙德在华盛顿报道。

This is not a surprise to people, said Madeleine Albright in Washington on Thursday, Countries spy on each other. And she said it wasn't just America listening to everyone else. Ms.Albright was US ambassador to the United Nations from 1993 to 1997. She said that the French ambassador there had made it clear to her that they had listened in to a phone conversation she had had with a third party. They had, she said, an intercept³.

周四，马德琳·奥尔布赖特在华盛顿说，这并不是稀罕事，国家之间是相互刺探情报的，她说不只是美国在刺探别国。奥尔布赖特于1993年到1997年担任美国驻联合国大使，她说法国大使明确向她表示，他们曾听过她与第三方的电话对话。她说这是窃听。

Earlier, the German Chancellor⁴ Angela Merkel said that spying among friends is not done. She was speaking as she arrived at a European summit after it emerged that the US intelligence agencies have been intercepting⁵ her mobile calls. Ms. Merkel said trust between the two allies now needed to be resorted.

早些时候，德国总理安吉拉·默克尔说朋友之间相互刺探是不对的。她是在抵达欧洲峰会发表这番言论的，此前据说美国情报局一直在窃听她的电话。默克尔说现在需要修复两个盟国之间的信任。

Since we talked about the NSA, I've repeatedly told the American President that spying between friends is unacceptable. I'm doing this in the interest of German people. This is not just about me, but it's about all German citizens.

既然谈到美国国安局，我已多次向美国总统表示，朋友之间相互刺探是不可接受的。我这么做是为了德国人民的利益，不仅是与我有关，还与全体德国公民有关。

Twitter has said it expects to raise around $1.5bn in its stock market launch expected to take place in November. Just over 10% of the social media company will be sold. In an evaluation⁶ that will make the company worth more than $10bn.

推特称希望在11月上市时筹资15亿美元，这家社交媒体将只出售10%以上的股份，有评估称这样该公司的价值将超过100亿美元。

The United States says it's concerned about the rise in piracy⁷ of the coast of West Africa after two American citizens were kidnapped from an oil supply ship. The C-Retriever owned by US Maritime⁹ Transport Company was attacked on Wednesday and its captain and chief engineer were kidnapped. Will Ross reports.

美国称担心西非海岸海盗事件会增多，此前有两名美国公民被从供油船上绑架走。美国海运公司所有的C-Retriever号周三遭受袭击，其船长和首席工程师遭绑架。威尔·罗斯报道。

The International Maritime Bureau has recorded more than 40 attacks in the Gulf¹⁰ of Guinea this year with 132 crew taken hostage. The gangs usually target the oil vessel¹¹ to steal a cargo¹² and then set free the captives. This latest attack happened as an antipiracy training exercise was taking place off Nigeria’s coast involving British, Spanish, Dutch and Nigerian forces. It's not clear if any of those visiting navies are going to intervene.

国际海事局记录今年几内亚湾发生了40多起袭击案，有132名船员遭绑架。这些团伙通常针对油船，目的是盗取货物，然后释放遭绑架者。最近的袭击案发生时，尼日利亚海岸正进行反海盗演习，涉及英国、西班牙、荷兰和尼日利亚军队。尚不清楚是否这些海军会进行干预。

The state news agency in Ethiopia says the government has temporarily banned its citizens from traveling abroad to look for work. The Ministry¹³ of Foreign Affairs said countless¹⁴ Ethiopians have lost their lives or undergone untold¹⁵ traumas¹⁶ because of illegal human trafficking. It said it wanted to safeguard their well-being¹⁷.

埃塞俄比亚国家新闻机构称政府已暂时禁止公民出国求职。外事部称无数的埃塞俄比亚人因非法人口走私失去性命，或经历了无数创伤。据悉该国希望维护公民的幸福。

Newly published research has shown that finding a cure for the millions of people around the world who have Aids is likely to be even more difficult than scientist had feared. A 3-year-study has found that the size of the dormant¹⁸ reservoir of HIV, the virus that can lead to Aids, is up to sixty times larger than previously¹⁹ thought. Experts say the finding explain why HIV usually makes a rapid comeback if an infected person stops taking antiretroviral drugs.

最新公布的研究表明，事实证明，为全世界无数艾滋病患者寻求治愈方法可能比科学家料想的更困难。一项为期三年的研究发现，艾滋病毒潜伏池的大小是之前料想的60倍大。专家称这就解释了为何一旦感染病人停止服用抗逆转录病毒药物，艾滋病毒就会再度回来。

New genetic²⁰ research suggested thousands of small segments of DNA⁸ determine how one person's face can look so different from another's. The study published in the Journal Science said the small amount of genetic material influence how the shape of a human face would alter as it developed and aged²¹. One of the researchers, Doctor Axel Visel said their findings could help establish how facial birth defects arise.

新的基因研究表明，DNA中数千个小片段能决定人与人之间面部的差异。这个发表在《科学》杂志上的研究称，少量的基因物质会影响人发育和老化过程中面部形状的改变。研究者之一Axel Visel博士说这些发现能帮助探明面部出生缺陷的病因。

Many of these switches probably also play a role in major malformations of the face. In some of these cases where you have patients with these malformations, we know what's going on because there are mutations in certain genes²³. But we suspect that there are also many cases where the underlying²⁴ cause is a mutation²² in some of these switches.

许多这样的开关也影响着面部的主要缺陷，在病人有这些缺陷的一些情况中，我们知道是怎么回事，因为一些基因发生了突变。但我们怀疑在另外一些情况下，潜在原因是一些开关发生了突变。

The United Nations member states have made more than 200 recommendations it says are needed for China to improve its human rights record. Top of the list are calls for Beijing to guarantee freedom of expression, safeguard press freedom and ease its control over the Internet. China has stresses its advance in education and improved access to health care for its citizens.

联合国成员国提供了200多个建议，称中国需要改善其人权纪录。建议中位于最前面的是要求中国确保言论自由、保护出版自由和放松对互联网的控制。中国强调了在教育上的进步，以及对公民获得医疗手段的改善。

A court in Sierra Leone has charged two editors at the Independent Observer newspaper with seditious libel after they published an article comparing the President Ernest Bai Koroma to a rat. Press freedom groups say the government of the West African country has recently made a number of attempts to intimidate²⁵ the media.

塞拉利昂法院指控《独立观察报》的两名编辑以煽动性诽谤罪，因为他们发表了一篇将总统科罗马比作老鼠的文章。言论自由组织称西非国家政府最近多次试图威胁媒体。

1 memo   

n.照会，备忘录；便笺；通知书；规章

参考例句：

• Do you want me to send the memo out?您要我把这份备忘录分发出去吗？
• Can you type a memo for me?您能帮我打一份备忘录吗？

2 guardian   

n.监护人；守卫者，保护者

参考例句：

• The form must be signed by the child's parents or guardian. 这张表格须由孩子的家长或监护人签字。
• The press is a guardian of the public weal. 报刊是公共福利的卫护者。

3 intercept   

vt.拦截，截住，截击

参考例句：

• His letter was intercepted by the Secret Service.他的信被特工处截获了。
• Gunmen intercepted him on his way to the airport.持枪歹徒在他去机场的路上截击了他。

4 chancellor   

n.(英)大臣；法官；(德、奥)总理；大学校长

参考例句：

• They submitted their reports to the Chancellor yesterday.他们昨天向财政大臣递交了报告。
• He was regarded as the most successful Chancellor of modern times.他被认为是现代最成功的财政大臣。

5 intercepting   

截取（技术），截接

参考例句：

• The police had been intercepting my mail, ie reading it before it was delivered. 警方一直截查我的邮件。
• We've been intercepting radio transmissions from Moscow. 我们已从莫斯科拦截到无线电信号。

6 evaluation   

n.估价，评价；赋值

参考例句：

• I attempted an honest evaluation of my own life.我试图如实地评价我自己的一生。
• The new scheme is still under evaluation.新方案还在评估阶段。

7 piracy   

n.海盗行为，剽窃，著作权侵害

参考例句：

• The government has already adopted effective measures against piracy.政府已采取有效措施惩治盗版行为。
• They made the place a notorious centre of piracy.他们把这地方变成了臭名昭著的海盗中心。

8 DNA   

(缩)deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸

参考例句：

• DNA is stored in the nucleus of a cell.脱氧核糖核酸储存于细胞的细胞核里。
• Gene mutations are alterations in the DNA code.基因突变是指DNA密码的改变。

9 maritime   

adj.海的，海事的，航海的，近海的，沿海的

参考例句：

• Many maritime people are fishermen.许多居于海滨的人是渔夫。
• The temperature change in winter is less in maritime areas.冬季沿海的温差较小。

10 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

11 vessel   

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管

参考例句：

• The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
• You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。

12 cargo   

n.(一只船或一架飞机运载的)货物

参考例句：

• The ship has a cargo of about 200 ton.这条船大约有200吨的货物。
• A lot of people discharged the cargo from a ship.许多人从船上卸下货物。

13 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

14 countless   

adj.无数的，多得不计其数的

参考例句：

• In the war countless innocent people lost their lives.在这场战争中无数无辜的人丧失了性命。
• I've told you countless times.我已经告诉你无数遍了。

15 untold   

adj.数不清的，无数的

参考例句：

• She has done untold damage to our chances.她给我们的机遇造成了不可估量的损害。
• They suffered untold terrors in the dark and huddled together for comfort.他们遭受着黑暗中的难以言传的种种恐怖，因而只好挤在一堆互相壮胆。

16 traumas   

n.心灵创伤( trauma的名词复数 )；损伤；痛苦经历；挫折

参考例句：

• She felt exhausted after the traumas of recent weeks. 她经受了最近几个星期的痛苦之后感到精疲力竭。
• Conclusion: Safety lens of spectacles can protect the occurrence of ocular traumas. 结论：安全镜片可以预防眼镜碎片所致的眼外伤。 来自互联网

17 well-being   

n.安康，安乐，幸福

参考例句：

• He always has the well-being of the masses at heart.他总是把群众的疾苦挂在心上。
• My concern for their well-being was misunderstood as interference.我关心他们的幸福，却被误解为多管闲事。

18 dormant   

adj.暂停活动的；休眠的；潜伏的

参考例句：

• Many animals are in a dormant state during winter.在冬天许多动物都处于睡眠状态。
• This dormant volcano suddenly fired up.这座休眠火山突然爆发了。

19 previously   

adv.以前，先前（地）

参考例句：

• The bicycle tyre blew out at a previously damaged point.自行车胎在以前损坏过的地方又爆开了。
• Let me digress for a moment and explain what had happened previously.让我岔开一会儿，解释原先发生了什么。

20 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

21 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

22 mutation   

n.变化，变异，转变

参考例句：

• People who have this mutation need less sleep than others.有这种突变的人需要的睡眠比其他人少。
• So far the discussion has centered entirely around mutation in the strict sense.到目前为止，严格来讲，讨论完全集中于围绕突变问题上。

23 genes   

n.基因( gene的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• You have good genes from your parents, so you should live a long time. 你从父母那儿获得优良的基因，所以能够活得很长。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Differences will help to reveal the functions of the genes. 它们间的差异将会帮助我们揭开基因多种功能。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 生物技术的世纪

24 underlying   

adj.在下面的，含蓄的，潜在的

参考例句：

• The underlying theme of the novel is very serious.小说隐含的主题是十分严肃的。
• This word has its underlying meaning.这个单词有它潜在的含义。

25 intimidate   

vt.恐吓，威胁

参考例句：

• You think you can intimidate people into doing what you want?你以为你可以威胁别人做任何事？
• The first strike capacity is intended mainly to intimidate adversary.第一次攻击的武力主要是用来吓阻敌方的。