英语听力精选进阶版 10508

Nato has called on Russia to step back from confrontation¹ over eastern Ukraine. Speaking during a Nato summit in Wales, the organisation's Secretary General Anders Fogh Rasmussen said leaders were sending a clear message that the alliance stood with Ukraine. From the summit here's Jonathan Marcus.

北约要求俄罗斯在乌克兰东部的冲突中做出让步。在威尔士北约峰会期间发表讲话时，北约秘书长拉斯穆森表示，领导人们传达了明确的信息，北约将支持乌克兰。Jonathan Marcus在峰会现场报道。

In public Nato's message is one of resolve - full backing for Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial² integrity combined with strong criticism of Russia's policies. But there's another message too - essentially³ telling Ukraine that any practical help that Nato may give Kiev will be limited and will be more a prospect⁴ for the medium term. What matters now is to deescalate the crisis. There'll be no Nato weapons or Nato troops. What the alliance is doing is essentially re-emphasising its defence lines on Ukraine's western border. If this means that Kiev has to make concessions⁵ to Moscow, then so be it.

北约公开传达的信息是充满决心的，全面支持乌克兰的主权和领土完整，并严厉批评了俄罗斯的政策。但是还有另外一个信息，告诉乌克兰北约能够给予基辅的任何实际帮助都是有限的，中期来看则更有希望。现在最重要的是缓解危机。北约不会提供武器，也不会派遣军队。北约实际上是在重申对乌克兰西部边境的防御。如果这意味着基辅必须对莫斯科做出让步，那就必须这样做。

In Ukraine itself pro-Russian separatist forces are advancing on the south-eastern port city of Mariupol. The city is the last major urban centre in the region still in government hands. Both Kiev and the rebels have said that a deal to end the conflict could be signed on Friday. Fergal Keane has been watching the fighting.

在乌克兰，亲俄分裂分子正在向西南部港口城市马里乌波尔推进。这个城市是仍被政府控制的最后一个大型中心城市。基辅和叛军都表示将于周五签署停止冲突的协议。Fergal Keane正在密切关注冲突。

I'm on the last Ukrainian position outside Mariupol. Rebel forces are advancing towards here from the east. The men here said that they had to retreat a couple of hours ago because of the presence of what they said were Russian tanks attacking them.

我正在马里乌波尔城外最后一个乌克兰据点。叛军力量正在从东部向这里推进。这里的人表示，由于看到俄罗斯坦克袭击他们，几个小时前他们被迫撤退。

The local governor Serhiy Taruta told me his forces would hold the city if the rebels made a direct attack. On the rebel side in the town of Yasynuvata the desire for peace among civilians⁶ we met was overwhelming.

当地行政长官Sergey Taruta告诉我，如果叛军直接发动袭击，他们的军队将会保卫该城市。在Yasenotava的叛军一方，平民也特别渴望和平。

Nato leaders have also been discussing how the alliance should respond to the threat posed by the militant⁷ group Islamic State in Iraq and Syria. So far no Nato member state has joined the United States in conducting air strikes against the group. The British prime minister has said he will urge members of the alliance to stop paying ransoms⁸ to the militants⁹.

领导人们也讨论了北约应该怎样对伊拉克和叙利亚激进组织伊斯兰国造成的威胁做出反应。目前为止，还没有任何一个北约成员国加入美国的行列对该组织实施空袭。英国首相表示，他将敦促北约成员国停止向激进分子支付赎金。

A judge in the United States has found the oil giant BP "grossly negligent¹⁰" over the Gulf¹¹ of Mexico oil spill in 2010. Shares of the company fell sharply after a federal judge in New Orleans ruled that BP's reckless conduct had led to the biggest offshore¹² oil disaster in US history. Here's our business correspondent Theo Leggett.

美国一名法官发现英国石油公司在2010年墨西哥湾漏油事件中“严重疏忽”，新奥尔良一名法官裁决英国石油公司的疏忽行为导致美国历史上最大的近海石油灾难后，该公司股价大幅下跌。下面是我们的商务通讯员Theo Leggett报道。

This ruling will come as a blow to BP, which has consistently denied accusations¹³ of gross negligence¹⁴. It means that the energy giant could face fines up to four times higher than would otherwise have been the case, potentially increasing the bill it faces by about $15bn. However, much will depend on how large the court deems the spill to have been, a point of which it has not yet ruled. BP insists that the judge's finding is not supported by the evidence at the trial and says it will immediately launch an appeal.

该裁决对BP石油公司来说是一个打击，他们一直否认严重疏忽的指控。这意味着该能源巨头支付的罚款将比其他判决结果高四倍，增加150亿美元。然而，最终的罚款金额将取决于法庭判决的漏油严重程度，而目前法庭还没有判决。BP石油公司坚持称，法官的判决结果没有证据支持，他们将立即提起上诉。

The United Nations says about 120 million girls around the world, slightly more than one in ten, have been either raped¹⁵ or sexually insulted by the age of 20. The UN children's agency Unicef found that in 2012 alone nearly 100,000 children and teenagers were murdered, most of them in Latin America and the Caribbean.

联合国表示，全世界大约1.2亿，也就是刚刚超过十分之一的女孩，在20岁之前曾遭遇性侵或强奸。联合国儿童基金会发现，仅在2012年就有近100,000名儿童和青少年被谋杀，大部分在拉丁美洲和加勒比海。

The former governor of the US state of Virginia Bob McDonnell and his wife have been convicted of corruption¹⁶. Mr McDonnell,who left office in January, was once a rising star of the Republican Party. But a federal jury concluded that he and his wife, who say they are now estranged¹⁷, used his office to endorse¹⁸ the healthcare products of a businessman in return for lavish¹⁹ gifts. They are due to be sentenced in January.

美国弗吉尼亚州前州长麦克多纳(Bob McDonnell)及其妻子被判腐败罪名成立。1月份离职的麦克多纳曾经是共和党升起的一颗新星。但是联邦陪审团得出结论，麦克多纳和妻子利用他的办公室来为一名商人背书医疗产品，换取奢华礼物，夫妻两人现在关系不和。他们将于1月份被宣判。

One of America's best-known comedians²⁰, Joan Rivers, has died aged²¹ 81. She'd been in hospital in New York for the past week since suffering a heart attack. Nick Bryant reports on her life.

美国最知名的喜剧演员之一琼·里弗斯(Joan Rivers)去世，享年81岁。过去一周，她因心脏病在纽约住院。Nick Bryant报道她辉煌的一生。

Joan Rivers was known for her lacerating and outrageous²² humour that took aim not only at Hollywood celebrities²³ but also herself. Her extensive plastic surgery provided a rich source of laughs. She first rose to prominence²⁴ in the mid-1960s as a writer and then regular guest on Johnny Carson's famed Tonight Show and went on to become the first woman to have a late night chat show of her own. But in recent years she gained a new following amongst younger viewers by hosting a show, Fashion Police, and becoming a red-carpet commentator²⁵, the role seen perfectly²⁶ tailored for her trademark²⁷ form of comedy that cut others and herself to shreds²⁸.

琼·里弗斯(Joan Rivers)以大胆犀利无下限的毒舌出名，她的幽默不仅针对好莱坞明星，也针对自己。她大量的整形手术赢得了许多笑料。她首度于上世纪60年代中期作为一名作家出名，随后经常出现在Johnny Carson著名的《今晚秀》节目中，后来进一步成为拥有自己的深夜谈话节目的首名女性。但是近年来，她主持了《时尚警察》节目，又赢得了一大批年轻观众的青睐，并成为一名红毯评论员，这个角色似乎是为她标志性的犀利分析他人的喜剧风格完美订做的。

Reports from Belarus say a teenage boy has been threatened with a fine for nominating the country's autocratic President Alexander Lukashenko to do an ice-bucket challenge. Millions of people around the world have poured buckets of icy water over their heads to raise money for charity and have challenged others to do the same.

来自白俄罗斯的报道称，一名少男因提名该国独裁总统鲁卡申柯(Alexander Lukashenko)参加冰桶挑战而受到罚款威胁。全世界已有数百万人在头上浇冰水，为慈善机构筹款，并挑战他人这样做。

1 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

2 territorial   

adj.领土的，领地的

参考例句：

• The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。
• They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。

3 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

4 prospect   

n.前景，前途；景色，视野

参考例句：

• This state of things holds out a cheerful prospect.事态呈现出可喜的前景。
• The prospect became more evident.前景变得更加明朗了。

5 concessions   

n.（尤指由政府或雇主给予的）特许权( concession的名词复数 )；承认；减价；（在某地的）特许经营权

参考例句：

• The firm will be forced to make concessions if it wants to avoid a strike. 要想避免罢工，公司将不得不作出一些让步。
• The concessions did little to placate the students. 让步根本未能平息学生的愤怒。

6 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

7 militant   

adj.激进的，好斗的；n.激进分子，斗士

参考例句：

• Some militant leaders want to merge with white radicals.一些好斗的领导人要和白人中的激进派联合。
• He is a militant in the movement.他在那次运动中是个激进人物。

8 ransoms   

付赎金救人，赎金( ransom的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The kidnappers exacted ransoms for their hostages. 绑匪勒索人质的赎金。
• Hotel:Wealthy captives sleep at the hotel for an increase in their ransoms. 酒店：富有的俘虏们要住在酒店等待足够的赎金以回家。

9 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

10 negligent   

adj.疏忽的；玩忽的；粗心大意的

参考例句：

• The committee heard that he had been negligent in his duty.委员会听说他玩忽职守。
• If the government is proved negligent,compensation will be payable.如果证明是政府的疏忽，就应支付赔偿。

11 gulf   

n.海湾；深渊，鸿沟；分歧，隔阂

参考例句：

• The gulf between the two leaders cannot be bridged.两位领导人之间的鸿沟难以跨越。
• There is a gulf between the two cities.这两座城市间有个海湾。

12 offshore   

adj.海面的，吹向海面的；adv.向海面

参考例句：

• A big program of oil exploration has begun offshore.一个大规模的石油勘探计划正在近海展开。
• A gentle current carried them slowly offshore.和缓的潮流慢慢地把他们带离了海岸。

13 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

14 negligence   

n.疏忽，玩忽，粗心大意

参考例句：

• They charged him with negligence of duty.他们指责他玩忽职守。
• The traffic accident was allegedly due to negligence.这次车祸据说是由于疏忽造成的。

15 raped   

v.以暴力夺取，强夺( rape的过去式和过去分词 )；强奸

参考例句：

• A young woman was brutally raped in her own home. 一名年轻女子在自己家中惨遭强暴。 来自辞典例句
• We got stick together, or we will be having our women raped. 我们得团结一致，不然我们的妻女就会遭到蹂躏。 来自辞典例句

16 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

17 estranged   

adj.疏远的，分离的

参考例句：

• He became estranged from his family after the argument.那场争吵后他便与家人疏远了。
• The argument estranged him from his brother.争吵使他同他的兄弟之间的关系疏远了。

18 endorse   

vt.(支票、汇票等)背书，背署；批注；同意

参考例句：

• No one is foolish enough to endorse it.没有哪个人会傻得赞成它。
• I fully endorse your opinions on this subject.我完全拥护你对此课题的主张。

19 lavish   

adj.无节制的；浪费的；vt.慷慨地给予，挥霍

参考例句：

• He despised people who were lavish with their praises.他看不起那些阿谀奉承的人。
• The sets and costumes are lavish.布景和服装极尽奢华。

20 comedians   

n.喜剧演员，丑角( comedian的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The voice was rich, lordly, Harvardish, like all the boring radio comedians'imitations. 声音浑厚、威严，俨然是哈佛出身的气派，就跟无线电里所有的滑稽演员叫人已经听腻的模仿完全一样。 来自辞典例句
• He distracted them by joking and imitating movie and radio comedians. 他用开玩笑的方法或者模仿电影及广播中的滑稽演员来对付他们。 来自辞典例句

21 aged   

adj.年老的，陈年的

参考例句：

• He had put on weight and aged a little.他胖了，也老点了。
• He is aged,but his memory is still good.他已年老，然而记忆力还好。

22 outrageous   

adj.无理的，令人不能容忍的

参考例句：

• Her outrageous behaviour at the party offended everyone.她在聚会上的无礼行为触怒了每一个人。
• Charges for local telephone calls are particularly outrageous.本地电话资费贵得出奇。

23 celebrities   

n.（尤指娱乐界的）名人( celebrity的名词复数 )；名流；名声；名誉

参考例句：

• He only invited A-list celebrities to his parties. 他只邀请头等名流参加他的聚会。
• a TV chat show full of B-list celebrities 由众多二流人物参加的电视访谈节目

24 prominence   

n.突出；显著；杰出；重要

参考例句：

• He came to prominence during the World Cup in Italy.他在意大利的世界杯赛中声名鹊起。
• This young fashion designer is rising to prominence.这位年轻的时装设计师的声望越来越高。

25 commentator   

n.注释者，解说者；实况广播评论员

参考例句：

• He is a good commentator because he can get across the game.他能简单地解说这场比赛，是个好的解说者。
• The commentator made a big mistake during the live broadcast.在直播节目中评论员犯了个大错误。

26 perfectly   

adv.完美地，无可非议地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The witnesses were each perfectly certain of what they said.证人们个个对自己所说的话十分肯定。
• Everything that we're doing is all perfectly above board.我们做的每件事情都是光明正大的。

27 trademark   

n.商标；特征；vt.注册的…商标

参考例句：

• The trademark is registered on the book of the Patent Office.该商标已在专利局登记注册。
• The trademark of the pen was changed.这钢笔的商标改了。

28 shreds   

v.撕碎，切碎( shred的第三人称单数 )；用撕毁机撕毁（文件）

参考例句：

• Peel the carrots and cut them into shreds. 将胡罗卜削皮，切成丝。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I want to take this diary and rip it into shreds. 我真想一赌气扯了这日记。 来自汉英文学 - 中国现代小说