英语听力：自然百科 消失的西藏王朝古格(13)

From the 11th century, Kashmir, part of the Ladakh and much of the northeast India were being converted to Islam.

十一世纪开始，喀什米尔人 部分拉达克人及众多印度人皈依回教。

For the next 300 years, Islam spread throughout most of the Indian subcontinent.

接下来三百年回教流传在印度多数地区。

As the Muslims advanced, they sacked Buddhist¹ temples and persecuted² the development.

当回教徒前进时他们洗劫佛寺，迫害佛教徒。

Artists, scholars and monks³ fled in fear.

艺术家 学者及僧侣仓皇逃难。

And it was Guge that they fled to, because here they found sanctuary⁴.

他们逃到古格王朝，因为在这里他们找到庇护。

Buddhism⁵ flourished in Guge for two reasons.

佛教之所以盛行于古格有两个原因。

One was the fulfillment of the dream of the Tibetan emperors, the other was the need of the intellectual community in India to find a safe and secure home.

其一是为了实现藏族皇帝的梦想，第二个呢是需要借重印度的智慧团体找到一个安全又有保障的家。

Guge was able to cater⁶ to both.

古格当时两者兼具。

And with these devotees came artisans, leading to explosions of creativity.

艺匠随逃难的佛教徒前来促使创意大爆发。

Frescoes⁷ hidden across the ancient Guge ruins offer the glimpse of these heyday⁸ times.

壁画让我们得以一窥有别文艺复兴时佛罗伦斯的古格盛世。

Not unlike Medici Florence during the Renaissance⁹, foreign artists from across the Buddhist world brought their own distinctive¹⁰ style of art, and here influenced each other, copying and fusing styles, ultimately creating an entirely¹¹ new direction in art: the Guge school.

随佛教徒前来的外国艺术家带来别具风格的艺术，在这里互相影响模仿及融合，最后终于创造出全新的古格流派。

For me one of the most stunning¹² things about these murals is just a sheer diversity they hold in terms of union culture.

对我而言这些壁画，最让我惊讶的事情之一就是拥有相较于当时与众不同的人类文化。

They depict¹³ peoples from all over the Buddhist world.

他们描绘出完整的佛教世界。

All of the cultures within the orbit of Guge are there, in these murals.

一切跟古格相关的文化全都呈现在这些壁画上。

The dry mountain air and remoteness of this area have helped make these murals some of the best preserved in Asia.

干燥的山风及地点荒僻让这些壁画成为亚洲保存最好的壁画之一。

It is argued that the Guge Kingdom's commitment to Buddhism and the influx¹⁴ of refugee follows were such a powerful force Tibetan Buddhism may never have survived without it.

学者认为若没有古格王朝致力于佛教，加上逃难者与信徒的会聚藏传佛教恐难生存。

1 Buddhist   

adj./n.佛教的，佛教徒

参考例句：

• The old lady fell down in adoration before Buddhist images.那老太太在佛像面前顶礼膜拜。
• In the eye of the Buddhist,every worldly affair is vain.在佛教徒的眼里，人世上一切事情都是空的。

2 persecuted   

（尤指宗教或政治信仰的）迫害(~sb. for sth.)( persecute的过去式和过去分词 )； 烦扰，困扰或骚扰某人

参考例句：

• Throughout history, people have been persecuted for their religious beliefs. 人们因宗教信仰而受迫害的情况贯穿了整个历史。
• Members of these sects are ruthlessly persecuted and suppressed. 这些教派的成员遭到了残酷的迫害和镇压。

3 monks   

n.修道士，僧侣( monk的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The monks lived a very ascetic life. 僧侣过着很清苦的生活。
• He had been trained rigorously by the monks. 他接受过修道士的严格训练。 来自《简明英汉词典》

4 sanctuary   

n.圣所，圣堂，寺庙；禁猎区，保护区

参考例句：

• There was a sanctuary of political refugees behind the hospital.医院后面有一个政治难民的避难所。
• Most countries refuse to give sanctuary to people who hijack aeroplanes.大多数国家拒绝对劫机者提供庇护。

5 Buddhism   

n.佛教（教义）

参考例句：

• Buddhism was introduced into China about 67 AD.佛教是在公元67年左右传入中国的。
• Many people willingly converted to Buddhism.很多人情愿皈依佛教。

6 cater   

vi.(for/to)满足，迎合；(for)提供饮食及服务

参考例句：

• I expect he will be able to cater for your particular needs.我预计他能满足你的特殊需要。
• Most schools cater for children of different abilities.大多数学校能够满足具有不同天资的儿童的需要。

7 frescoes   

n.壁画( fresco的名词复数 )；温壁画技法，湿壁画

参考例句：

• The Dunhuang frescoes are gems of ancient Chinese art. 敦煌壁画是我国古代艺术中的瑰宝。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The frescoes in these churches are magnificent. 这些教堂里的壁画富丽堂皇。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 heyday   

n.全盛时期，青春期

参考例句：

• The 19th century was the heyday of steam railways.19世纪是蒸汽机车鼎盛的时代。
• She was a great singer in her heyday.她在自己的黄金时代是个了不起的歌唱家。

9 renaissance   

n.复活，复兴，文艺复兴

参考例句：

• The Renaissance was an epoch of unparalleled cultural achievement.文艺复兴是一个文化上取得空前成就的时代。
• The theme of the conference is renaissance Europe.大会的主题是文艺复兴时期的欧洲。

10 distinctive   

adj.特别的，有特色的，与众不同的

参考例句：

• She has a very distinctive way of walking.她走路的样子与别人很不相同。
• This bird has several distinctive features.这个鸟具有几种突出的特征。

11 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

12 stunning   

adj.极好的；使人晕倒的

参考例句：

• His plays are distinguished only by their stunning mediocrity.他的戏剧与众不同之处就是平凡得出奇。
• The finished effect was absolutely stunning.完工后的效果非常美。

13 depict   

vt.描画，描绘；描写，描述

参考例句：

• I don't care to see plays or films that depict murders or violence.我不喜欢看描写谋杀或暴力的戏剧或电影。
• Children's books often depict farmyard animals as gentle,lovable creatures.儿童图书常常把农场的动物描写得温和而可爱。

14 influx   

n.流入，注入

参考例句：

• The country simply cannot absorb this influx of refugees.这个国家实在不能接纳这么多涌入的难民。
• Textile workers favoured protection because they feared an influx of cheap cloth.纺织工人拥护贸易保护措施，因为他们担心涌入廉价纺织品。