睡眠不足的女性容易发胖

 A study conducted on more than 68,000 middle-aged¹ US women suggests that females who don't get enough sleep may end up adding some extra pounds over years.

Researchers followed 68,183 middle-aged women for 16 years and found that those who slept 5 hours or less per night were one third more likely to gain weight than those who slept for 7 hours.

Moreover, researchers found that the weight gain was substantial with some women even gaining 33 pounds or more.

The associations between sleep duration and weight gain persisted even after controlling for factors such as physical activity and calorie consumption in both groups.

The findings, presented earlier this year at a medical conference and published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, furthers the evidence that sleep habits affect a person's weight.

The exact reasons for association between sleep duration and weight gain aren't clear but some research suggests that sleep deprivation² alters hormones³ involved in appetite control and metabolism⁴.

Also it's possible that people who sleep fewer hours either eat more or, because of fatigue⁵, and exercise less often.

The research was led by Dr. Sanjay R. Patel of Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland.

一项由68000多名美国中年女性参加的研究表明，长期睡眠不足的女性容易发胖。

研究人员对68183名中年女性进行了长达16年的“跟踪”调查，结果发现，每晚睡眠时间为5小时或不足5小时的女性发胖的几率比每天睡7小时的女性高三分之一。

此外，研究人员发现，有些女性的体重有较大幅度的增长，16年内增加了33磅甚至更多。

即便是在控制运动量和热量摄入等因素的情况下，睡眠不足仍是导致发胖的主要原因。

这项研究结果是在今年年初的一个医学研讨会上提出来的，并在美国《流行病学》杂志上发表。研究结果进一步说明，睡眠习惯会影响体重。

虽然其中的具体原因目前还不清楚，但已有研究表明，睡眠不足会改变体内影响食欲和新陈代谢的激素水平。

也可能是因为睡眠时间不足的人吃得较多，或者因疲倦而很少锻炼身体。

这项研究的负责人是克利夫兰凯斯西储大学的桑贾伊·R·帕特尔博士。

1 middle-aged   

adj.中年的

参考例句：

• I noticed two middle-aged passengers.我注意到两个中年乘客。
• The new skin balm was welcome by middle-aged women.这种新护肤香膏受到了中年妇女的欢迎。

2 deprivation   

n.匮乏；丧失；夺去，贫困

参考例句：

• Many studies make it clear that sleep deprivation is dangerous.多实验都证实了睡眠被剥夺是危险的。
• Missing the holiday was a great deprivation.错过假日是极大的损失。

3 hormones   

n. 荷尔蒙，激素 名词hormone的复数形式

参考例句：

• This hormone interacts closely with other hormones in the body. 这种荷尔蒙与体內其他荷尔蒙紧密地相互作用。
• The adrenals produce a large per cent of a man's sex hormones. 肾上腺分泌人体的大部分性激素。

4 metabolism   

n.新陈代谢

参考例句：

• After years of dieting,Carol's metabolism was completely out of whack.经过数年的节食，卡罗尔的新陈代谢完全紊乱了。
• All living matter undergoes a process of metabolism.生物都有新陈代谢。

5 fatigue   

n.疲劳，劳累

参考例句：

• The old lady can't bear the fatigue of a long journey.这位老妇人不能忍受长途旅行的疲劳。
• I have got over my weakness and fatigue.我已从虚弱和疲劳中恢复过来了。