跨性别者称谓“Mx”出炉

 　　A new gender¹ neutral title 'Mx' is to join the honorifics 'Mr, Mrs, Miss and Ms' on driving licences and other official documents, the first change to officially recognised titles in decades.

　　新的中性性别称谓“Mx”将加入“Mr”"Mrs""Miss"和“Ms”的队伍，成为驾照以及其他正式文件上的性别称谓。这是数十年来官方承认称谓的首次变更。

　　Royal Mail, high street banks, government departments and some universities all now accept Mx which is used by transgender people or other individuals who do not identify with a particular gender.

　　皇家邮政，商业银行，政府部门和一些大学已经承认"Mx"这个称谓。变性人和其他不确定性别的人均可使用这个称谓。

　　The title has been added, without fanfare³, to official forms and databases and is under consideration by the Oxford⁴ English Dictionary for inclusion in its next edition.

　　Mx被悄悄地就加入了正式表格和数据库中，而且牛津英语词典已在考虑把它添加进下一版词典中。

　　跨性别者称谓

　　Assistant editor of the dictionary, Johnathan Dent², was quoted by the Sunday Times as saying the move towards Mx was a sign of the English language's ability to adapt to an ever-changing society.

　　《周日泰晤士报》引用剑桥英语词典助理编辑乔纳森·丹特的话称，Mx成为正式称谓是英语适应瞬息万变的社会的标志。

　　He explained it was the first time in recent history that commonly used and accepted titles had changed.

　　他表示，这是人们普遍使用和接受的称谓近年来的首次改动。

　　Mr Dent was quoted as saying it showed the way English could adapt to people's needs, rather than letting language dictate⁵ identity.

　　丹特先生称，此举体现英语能够适应人们的需求，而不是任由语言决定人们的性别。

　　He said titles, whether on online drop-down boxes or elsewhere, tended to be formal and enforce traditional relationships such as those between husband and wife, as in Mr and Mrs, or even profession such as Dr or Lord.

　　他称，无论是网站的下拉选框还是其他地方，称谓都有变得正式的趋势，用Mr和Mrs标识丈夫和妻子这样的传统关系，或者用Dr和Lord标识职业身份。

　　'This is something new,' the assistant editor said.

　　丹特先生说：“这是全新的改变。”

　　The Department for Work and Pensions, HM Revenue and Customs, the Driver and Vehicle Licensing⁶ Agency and the NHS are among those public bodies now accepting the Mx title.

　　英国工作与养老金部，英国税务海关总署，驾驶员和车辆协会和国民医疗服务体系都是是公务体系中已经承认Mx称谓的机构。

　　The Royal Mail has said it introduced Mx as an option for those registering online following requests from customers two years ago. It has been rolling out the title across all of its online applications since then.

　　皇家邮政称两年前就已经按客户要求把Mx引入网站注册称谓选项。自那时起，其网上所有注册都能下拉选择这个性别称谓。

　　Barclays was one of the first high street banks to offer the Mx title and its customers can now use the title on their credit and debit⁷ cards, correspondence, cheques and with online banking⁸.

　　英国巴克莱银行是首家提供Mx称谓给顾客选择的商业银行，顾客现在可以在信用卡，借记卡，来往信件，支票和网银上使用这个称谓。

　　Royal Bank of Scotland has started using the title and HSBC has introduced Mx for some customers and is in the process of including it for all its customers.

　　苏格兰皇家银行也已经开始使用这个称谓，汇丰银行也提供该称谓给部分顾客使用，并正努力推广给全部顾客。

　　Oxford University introduced the title last year and has explained that it is 'the most commonly used and recognised gender neutral title'.

　　牛津大学去年就引进该称谓，并称之为“最广泛使用和获得认同的中性性别称谓”。

　　Birmingham, Cambridge and Portsmouth University also use the title as well as UCAS the university admissions service which introduced it for students last July.

　　伯明翰大学，剑桥大学和朴茨茅斯大学也使用了这个称谓，英国高校联合招生委员会在去年7月也引入了该称谓。

　　SJ Jacobs from the UK's Nonbinary Inclusion Project has been quoted by the Sunday Times as saying that the increased acceptance of Mx as a title was a 'big step forward'.

　　《星期日泰晤士报》引用英国性别多元组织的SJ·雅各布斯的言论，称Mx称谓日益被接受是“前进的一大步”。

　　Jacobs said the inclusion of the title was an important sign of validation⁹ for many but that more still needed to be done to make sure other organisations such as IT and fraud prevention services accept the title.

　　雅各布斯说，对于很多人而言Mx被用作称谓是承认其有效性的重大标志，但为了确保其他领域，如IT，欺诈防止团体等使用这个称谓，仍有很多工作要做。

　　One company was quoted as saying it had not used the term over embarrassment¹⁰. They were unsure how to pronounce the title.

　　有公司称因为不知如何读这个称谓而感到尴尬，所以仍未使用这个称谓。

　　'Most people pronounce it as "Mux,"' Jacobs said, explaining that it is said with a sort of schwa sound in the middle but a lot of people just spell it out.

　　“很多人把它读成‘Mux’,”雅各布斯说。他解释读音里有一个非重读元音，但很多人直接读它的拼写。

1 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。

2 dent   

n.凹痕，凹坑；初步进展

参考例句：

• I don't know how it came about but I've got a dent in the rear of my car.我不知道是怎么回事，但我的汽车后部有了一个凹痕。
• That dent is not big enough to be worth hammering out.那个凹陷不大，用不着把它锤平。

3 fanfare   

n.喇叭；号角之声；v.热闹地宣布

参考例句：

• The product was launched amid much fanfare worldwide.这个产品在世界各地隆重推出。
• A fanfare of trumpets heralded the arrival of the King.嘹亮的小号声宣告了国王驾到。

4 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

5 dictate   

v.口授；(使)听写；指令，指示，命令

参考例句：

• It took him a long time to dictate this letter.口述这封信花了他很长时间。
• What right have you to dictate to others?你有什么资格向别人发号施令？

6 licensing   

v.批准，许可，颁发执照( license的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• A large part of state regulation consists of occupational licensing. 大部分州的管理涉及行业的特许批准。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• That licensing procedures for projects would move faster. 这样的工程批准程序一定会加快。 来自辞典例句

7 debit   

n.借方，借项，记人借方的款项

参考例句：

• To whom shall I debit this sum?此款应记入谁的账户的借方？
• We undercharge Mr.Smith and have to send him a debit note for the extra amount.我们少收了史密斯先生的钱，只得给他寄去一张借条所要欠款。

8 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

9 validation   

n.确认

参考例句：

• If the countdown timer ever hits zero, do your validation processing. 处理这种情况的方法是在输入的同时使用递减计时器，每次击键重新计时。如果递减计时器变为零，就开始验证。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓
• Although the validation control is a very widespread idiom, most such controls can be improved. 虽然确认控件是非常广泛的习惯用法，但还有很多有待改进的地方。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

10 embarrassment   

n.尴尬；使人为难的人(事物)；障碍；窘迫

参考例句：

• She could have died away with embarrassment.她窘迫得要死。
• Coughing at a concert can be a real embarrassment.在音乐会上咳嗽真会使人难堪。