10个奇葩小国 你都听说过吗？

 　　Living in a regular country, with a normal government, can get annoying sometimes. Taxes, laws, political disputes... it's all kind of a bummer. So why not go live in a tiny country of your own? Some people have done it — and here are the most creative and strangest tiny nations on Earth, past and present.

　　生活在一个普通的国家里，有一个正常的政府，有时候会让人很烦。税收啦，法律啦，政治纠纷啦，都会让我们很不爽。所以你有想过去一个属于你的微型小国里生活么？有些人不仅想了，而且还真的这么做了，下面我们就一起去认识一下这些或曾经存在或仍然存在着的“奇葩小国”吧。

　　10个奇葩小国 你都听说过吗？

　　1. Kingdom of Elleore

　　1. 艾里欧里王国

　　Kingdom of Elleore, on the island of Elleore, Roskilde Fjord, Denmark, which was purchased by a group of Copenhagen teachers in 1944 as a summer camp, but it turned into a gentle parody¹ of the government structure and royal traditions of Denmark. The novel Robin² Crusoe is banned on the island, and everyone uses Elleore Standard Time, which is 12 minutes behind Danish time. It has had six monarchs³ in the last 70 years.

　　艾里欧里王国，位于丹麦北部海岸的一个小岛，1944年一群来自哥本哈根的老师买下它来举办夏令营，但之后就宣布独立成国并开始效仿丹麦政府。小说《罗宾逊漂流记》在岛上是被禁止的。艾里欧里王国拥有自己的艾里欧里标准时间，比丹麦时间晚12分钟。在过去70年里该国已经换了6位君主。

　　2. Celestia

　　2.星空王国

　　Celestia (or The Nation of Celestial⁴ Space), created by James Thomas Mangan in Evergreen⁵ Park, Illinois, on January 1, 1949, claiming all of outer space. Mangan sent some letters to the United States, United Nations, United Kingdom and Soviet⁶ Union to stop all further atmospheric⁷ tests, and warning them not to encroach on his so-called "territory".

　　星空王国由詹姆斯·托马斯·曼根于1949年1月1日在美国伊利诺斯州的常青公园建立，并声称统治所有的外太空。曼根曾给美国、联合国、英国和苏联写信，禁止他们进一步对大气进行测试，并警告他们不要侵占他所谓的“领土”。

　　The nation had more than 19,000 citizens in 1959 (after a booklet was published about Celestia), but it may have become defunct⁸ after the death of Mangan in 1970.

　　该国在1959年的时候拥有1万9千名公民（根据一本由星空天国出版的小册子），但1970年Mangan死后该国就不复存在了。

　　3. The Principality of Seborga

　　3.塞波加大公国

　　The Principality of Seborga, Seborga, Italy, founded in 1963 by Giorgio Carbone, who claimed that the town had never become part of the modern Italian state. The small constitutional elective monarchy⁹ with less than half a hundred inhabitants is now led by Prince Marcello I (Marcello Menegatto, 2010-). The town issued a local currency named luigino between 1994 and 1996, and they still have two orders of knights¹⁰ (The Order of Saint Bernard and the Order of the Holy Sepulchre).

　　塞波加大公国，由西格诺·卡波恩于1963年在意大利的塞波加建立，创建者声称从此这座城镇不再受到意大利的统治。这座实行宪法选举制的国家拥有不到50名居民，目前由马塞洛一世领导。该国家曾在1994年至1996年期间发行了一种称为路易吉诺的货币，另外，该国还拥有两个骑士团。

　　4. The Principality of Sealand

　　4.西兰公国

　　The Principality of Sealand, on a WWII installation to guard the port of Harwich, Essex, UK, named HM Fort Roughs. It stands six miles from the coast of Suffolk. The place was occupied by a British pirate radio broadcaster named Paddy Roy Bates (Prince Roy) and his family in 1967. Eight years later the Principality was established, and Roy led this until his death two years ago at the age of 91. He named his son Michael as the new leader of the nation.

　　西兰公国是二战时为保护英国不受德国入侵而建立的，当时叫做怒涛堡垒。它距离萨福克郡海岸6英里（约10公里）左右。此地在1967年被一个叫做帕迪·罗伊·贝茨的英国海盗之声的播音员及其家人占领，8年后建立了公国，由派迪·罗伊·贝茨领导，直到其在两年前去世，享年91岁。当时，他任命他的儿子迈克尔作为这个国家新的领导人。

　　And here's an opportunity to become a Lord, Lady, Baron¹¹ or Baroness¹² for only a few bucks¹³, and a Count or Countess for almost $340.

　　在这个国家只要几美元就可以成为男爵或男爵夫人，成为伯爵或伯爵夫人也只要340美元。

　　5. Freetown Christiania

　　5.克里斯蒂娜自由城

　　Freetown Christiania, a self-proclaimed autonomous¹⁴ neighborhood in Christianshavn, Copenhagen, Denmark, declared in 1971, and regarded as a large commune with special laws since 1989.

　　克里斯蒂娜自由城是1971年在丹麦根本哈根的克里斯钦港宣布成立的自治社区，1989年之后被认为是一个拥有特殊法律的公社。

　　6. The Kingdom of Talossa

　　6.塔罗萨王国

　　The Kingdom of Talossa, founded in 1979 by a 14-year-old boy named Robert Madison in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

　　塔罗萨王国成立于1979年，是由一名叫做罗伯特·麦迪逊的14岁男孩在美国威斯康星州的密尔沃基建立的。

　　This micronation had the first national Webpage (in November 1995!) and it has an Anthem¹⁵ titled Stand Tall Talossans. Now it has a king named John I, and the current population is 222. A group of dissidents left the Kingdom, and created the Republic of Talossa in 2004, but they returned two years ago.

　　这个微型小国在1995年11月有了第一个国家网站，它的国歌叫做《Stand Tall Talossans》。现在它的国王叫做乔治一世，拥有居民222人。一群拥有不同政治意见的人曾离开该国并2004年创建了塔罗萨共和国，但两年前他们又回到了该国。

　　The nation has some wild territorial¹⁶ claims — stretching from part of Milwaukee to an uninhabited French island and a large part of Antarctica.

　　这个国家声称拥有广阔的野外领土，从密尔沃基的一部分延伸到法国一个无人居住的小岛，还包括南极的大部分。

　　7. The Republic of Kugelmugel

　　7.库格穆格尔共和国

　　The Republic of Kugelmugel, a spherical¹⁷ house in Vienna Prater¹⁸, Vienna, Austria, designed by Edwin Lipburger. The micronation declared independence 30 years ago after some arguments between the artist and Austrian authorities due to lack of building permits.

　　库格穆格尔共和国是一座由埃德温·李普伯格设计的位于奥地利维也纳的球形房子。30年前该设计师和政府之间因缺乏建筑许可等问题发生争执，于是宣布该小国独立。

　　8. Aerican Empire

　　8. 艾瑞克帝国

　　Aerican Empire, founded in May 1987 by Eric Lis, without any territory of its own, but its few hundred members (about 400 in 2009, 233 in July 2013) started to claim sovereignty over some disconnected territories: a house-sized area in Montreal, Canada, a colony of Mars, an imaginary planet, the northern hemisphere of Pluto¹⁹, an island in the middle of a lake in New Zealand, and a square kilometer of land in Australia, among others.

　　艾瑞克帝国于1987年5月由埃里克·利斯创立，这个国家没有属于自己的领土，但该国的上百名公民（2009年时约有400人，到2013年6月有233人）会对一些奇奇怪怪的地方宣布主权，比如加拿大蒙特利尔的只有一处房子大小的土地，火星上的土地、一个虚构的星球、冥王星的北部、新西兰某个湖中心的小岛、澳大利亚某个1平方公里的土地等等。

　　9. The Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands

　　9.珊瑚海群岛上的同性恋王国

　　The Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands, founded as a symbolic²⁰ political protest by a group of gay rights activists²¹, led by Dale Anderson in 2004, on Coral Sea Islands, Queensland, Australia.

　　珊瑚海群岛上的同性恋王国，2004年以戴乐·安德森为领导在澳大利亚昆士兰的珊瑚海群岛建立，象征着一种由同性恋权利活动者发起的政治抗议。

　　10. Filettino

　　10.菲力亭诺

　　Filettino, a small village about 40 miles (70 km) east of Rome, Italy, with a population of 577, became an "independent state" in 2011, when the Italian government announced that all villages with under 1,000 inhabitants must merge²² with nearby ones, to save money.

　　菲力亭诺，一个距意大利罗马40英里（约70公里）的小村庄，有577人，在2011年意大利政府宣布所有人口少于1000人的村庄都必须与附近的村庄合并以节约开支的时候，这个村庄就宣布成为“独立的国家”。

1 parody   

n.打油诗文，诙谐的改编诗文，拙劣的模仿；v.拙劣模仿，作模仿诗文

参考例句：

• The parody was just a form of teasing.那个拙劣的模仿只是一种揶揄。
• North Korea looks like a grotesque parody of Mao's centrally controlled China,precisely the sort of system that Beijing has left behind.朝鲜看上去像是毛时代中央集权的中国的怪诞模仿，其体制恰恰是北京方面已经抛弃的。

2 robin   

n.知更鸟，红襟鸟

参考例句：

• The robin is the messenger of spring.知更鸟是报春的使者。
• We knew spring was coming as we had seen a robin.我们看见了一只知更鸟，知道春天要到了。

3 monarchs   

君主，帝王( monarch的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Monarchs ruled England for centuries. 世袭君主统治英格兰有许多世纪。
• Serving six monarchs of his native Great Britain, he has served all men's freedom and dignity. 他在大不列颠本国为六位君王服务，也为全人类的自由和尊严服务。 来自演讲部分

4 celestial   

adj.天体的；天上的

参考例句：

• The rosy light yet beamed like a celestial dawn.玫瑰色的红光依然象天上的朝霞一样绚丽。
• Gravity governs the motions of celestial bodies.万有引力控制着天体的运动。

5 evergreen   

n.常青树；adj.四季常青的

参考例句：

• Some trees are evergreen;they are called evergreen.有的树是常青的，被叫做常青树。
• There is a small evergreen shrub on the hillside.山腰上有一小块常绿灌木丛。

6 Soviet   

adj.苏联的，苏维埃的；n.苏维埃

参考例句：

• Zhukov was a marshal of the former Soviet Union.朱可夫是前苏联的一位元帅。
• Germany began to attack the Soviet Union in 1941.德国在1941年开始进攻苏联。

7 atmospheric   

adj.大气的，空气的；大气层的；大气所引起的

参考例句：

• Sea surface temperatures and atmospheric circulation are strongly coupled.海洋表面温度与大气环流是密切相关的。
• Clouds return radiant energy to the surface primarily via the atmospheric window.云主要通过大气窗区向地表辐射能量。

8 defunct   

adj.死亡的；已倒闭的

参考例句：

• The scheme for building an airport seems to be completely defunct now.建造新机场的计划看来整个完蛋了。
• This schema object is defunct.No modifications are allowed until it is made active again.此架构对象不起作用。在重新激活之前，不能进行任何改动。

9 monarchy   

n.君主，最高统治者；君主政体，君主国

参考例句：

• The monarchy in England plays an important role in British culture.英格兰的君主政体在英国文化中起重要作用。
• The power of the monarchy in Britain today is more symbolical than real.今日英国君主的权力多为象徵性的，无甚实际意义。

10 knights   

骑士； （中古时代的）武士( knight的名词复数 )； 骑士； 爵士； （国际象棋中）马

参考例句：

• stories of knights and fair maidens 关于骑士和美女的故事
• He wove a fascinating tale of knights in shining armour. 他编了一个穿着明亮盔甲的骑士的迷人故事。

11 baron   

n.男爵；(商业界等)巨头，大王

参考例句：

• Henry Ford was an automobile baron.亨利·福特是一位汽车业巨头。
• The baron lived in a strong castle.男爵住在一座坚固的城堡中。

12 baroness   

n.男爵夫人，女男爵

参考例句：

• I'm sure the Baroness will be able to make things fine for you.我相信男爵夫人能够把家里的事替你安排妥当的。
• The baroness,who had signed,returned the pen to the notary.男爵夫人这时已签过字，把笔交回给律师。

13 bucks   

n.雄鹿( buck的名词复数 )；钱；（英国十九世纪初的）花花公子；（用于某些表达方式）责任v.（马等）猛然弓背跃起( buck的第三人称单数 )；抵制；猛然震荡；马等尥起后蹄跳跃

参考例句：

• They cost ten bucks. 这些值十元钱。
• They are hunting for bucks. 他们正在猎雄兔。 来自《简明英汉词典》

14 autonomous   

adj.自治的；独立的

参考例句：

• They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
• This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

15 anthem   

n.圣歌，赞美诗，颂歌

参考例句：

• All those present were standing solemnly when the national anthem was played.奏国歌时全场肃立。
• As he stood on the winner's rostrum,he sang the words of the national anthem.他站在冠军领奖台上，唱起了国歌。

16 territorial   

adj.领土的，领地的

参考例句：

• The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。
• They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。

17 spherical   

adj.球形的；球面的

参考例句：

• The Earth is a nearly spherical planet.地球是一个近似球体的行星。
• Many engineers shy away from spherical projection methods.许多工程师对球面投影法有畏难情绪。

18 prater   

多嘴的人，空谈者

参考例句：

• But before we went to Prater, we a short visit in the Imperial Crypt. 不过在去普拉特公园之前，我们到皇家墓穴进行简短的参观。 来自互联网

19 Pluto   

n.冥王星

参考例句：

• Pluto is the furthest planet from the sun.冥王星是离太阳最远的行星。
• Pluto has an elliptic orbit.冥王星的轨道是椭圆形的。

20 symbolic   

adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的

参考例句：

• It is symbolic of the fighting spirit of modern womanhood.它象征着现代妇女的战斗精神。
• The Christian ceremony of baptism is a symbolic act.基督教的洗礼仪式是一种象征性的做法。

21 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

22 merge   

v.(使)结合，(使)合并，(使)合为一体

参考例句：

• I can merge my two small businesses into a large one.我可以将我的两家小商店合并为一家大商行。
• The directors have decided to merge the two small firms together.董事们已决定把这两家小商号归并起来。