名人书单：普京最爱的5本小说

 　　"The Wine of Wisdom: The Life, Poetry and Philosophy of Omar Khayyam"

　　《杯酒智慧：莪默·伽亚谟的人生、诗歌和哲学》

　　Khayyám's poem is as well-known for its soul-searching beauty as for the fact that a mathematician¹ wrote it. Explorations of life's temporary nature jogs elbows with alcohol, as the author strives to make sense of the call of religion versus² the immediacy of death – and the folly³ of trying to find Paradise on earth.

　　正如人人都知道这诗歌出自数学家之手，同样，莪默·伽亚谟的诗歌因其追寻灵魂之美而广为人知。对于生命转瞬即逝的本质探寻引发了杯酒之欢，作者试图理解宗教的召唤和突如其来的死亡间的关系，探究缘何人们愚笨地在地球上寻求天堂。

　　名人书单：普京最爱的5本小说

　　“The Three Musketeers” by Alexandre Dumas

　　亚历山大·仲马《三个火枪手》

　　There should be more book recommendations made on Dumas' masterpiece, than just for the worn-out Musketeers' quote on the magic blend of individuality and brotherly unity⁴. There are enough quotable insults to sink a small Shakespearian ship, just between Athos and Aramis and Porthos, besides the wrangles⁵ they have with the young hothead D'Artagnan. There is villainy most foul⁶, with Cardinal⁷ Richelieu trying to have young King Louis XIII assassinated⁸. A host of minor⁹ characters, including the Musketeers' manservants, keep the dialogue lively, and the sinister¹⁰ blend of high-level politics and love keep everyone occupied.

　　《三个火枪手》将个人和兄弟情义魔法般地融为一体，以往引经据典的书评至今已觉不新鲜，我们应当有更多书评推荐大仲马这部大作。 且不谈阿托斯、阿拉米斯、波托斯还有年轻莽撞的达达尼昂之间的纠葛，单摘录三剑客之间的唇枪舌剑就足以打沉莎士比亚时代的一艘小船。恶贯满盈的红衣主教黎塞留，试图刺杀年幼的国王路易十三。还有包括火枪手的男仆在内的一群小角色，使得对话生动风趣；此外，正邪相混的高层政治和爱情让每一个读者全神贯注无暇分心。

　　“The Brothers Karamasov” by Dostoevsky

　　陀思妥耶夫斯基《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》

　　This is one of the best allegorical novels to explain the fractured nature of 19th century Russia. Each character is representative of one of the ruling classes. There is the father Fyodor, the landowner who is negligent¹¹ about his land, but greedy in using its produce for himself. There's Dmitri, who has been passed around from house to house, and has grown up an entitled but debt-ridden soul. There's the skeptic¹² Ivan, who wishes to live more than people. Third is gentle Alyosha, the mystic and religious peacemaker, and the illegitimate Smerdyakov. Through out are themes of love, law, and duty, which makes this one of the best Dostoyesky books to read besides Crime and Punishment.

　　这是最好的寓言小说之一，阐述了19世纪俄国分崩离析的本质。每个角色都是统治阶级的代表之一。父亲费多尔是个疏于耕种的地主，却贪婪地一心要把作物占为己用。德米特里，挨家挨户游荡，长大成人虽有权利在握，却心债累累。满腹狐疑的伊凡，整日想着要比起别人活得更长。老三阿廖沙性格温和，信仰宗教，是个和事佬；还有私生子麦尔佳科夫。贯穿全书的主题是情爱、法律和责任，这让其成为陀思妥耶夫斯基《罪与罚》之外最值得一读的书籍。

　　“Crime and Punishment” by Dostoevsky

　　陀思妥耶夫斯基《罪与罚》

　　This is Dostoyevsky's second most famous work (besides Brothers Karamasov), and also centers around a crime and a court case. Roskolnikov, a student deeply in debt and intellectual and moral issues, has a mad desire to kill the pawnbroker¹³ who owns some of his valuables, in order to pay his landlady¹⁴. There are plenty of family and social issues to be explored, including the link between prostitution and arranged family marriages, the downward spiral of madness, and the nature of poverty and charity.

　　这是陀思妥耶夫斯基（《卡拉马佐夫兄弟》之外）第二大名著，围绕罪行和法院讼案展开。拉斯柯尔尼科夫是个债台高筑的学生，深陷学识和道德问题的泥沼。他想付房租，而他的财物不少在当铺老板那里，疯狂之下，拉斯柯尔尼科夫动了杀机，欲杀害当铺老板。书中有许多家庭和社会问题有待剖析，如嫖娼和包办婚姻之间的联系，不断恶化的精神失常问题，及贫穷与慈善的本质。

　　“Anna Karenina” by Leo Tolstoy

　　列夫·托尔斯泰《安娜·卡列尼娜》

　　More humanly centered than his other well-known work, War and Peace, Tolstoy makes it clear that life is far too complicated for easy handouts¹⁵ of mercy or judgment¹⁶. The novel begins with a case of family brokenness and adultery. The contrast between Anna, who runs away with her lover Vronsky, and Lenin (who marries Vronsky's former romantic interest), is especially worth reading. As one falls, the other rises, seeming to imply that following one's heart is only as worthwhile as true morality is also followed.

　　比起另一部广为人知的作品《战争与和平》，这部作品更加以人为本。托尔斯泰明言生活复杂，不能轻松施以同情、给予判断。小说的开场是一个家庭的破裂和婚外情。安娜（与情人渥伦斯基私奔）与列文（娶了渥伦斯基先前的爱慕者）之间的反差最值得一读。一方兴起，一方衰落，似乎想要暗示只有遵从真正的道德时才能从心所欲。

1 mathematician   

n.数学家

参考例句：

• The man with his back to the camera is a mathematician.背对着照相机的人是位数学家。
• The mathematician analyzed his figures again.这位数学家再次分析研究了他的这些数字。

2 versus   

prep.以…为对手，对；与…相比之下

参考例句：

• The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
• The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。

3 folly   

n.愚笨，愚蠢，蠢事，蠢行，傻话

参考例句：

• Learn wisdom by the folly of others.从别人的愚蠢行动中学到智慧。
• Events proved the folly of such calculations.事情的进展证明了这种估计是愚蠢的。

4 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

5 wrangles   

n.（尤指长时间的）激烈争吵，口角，吵嘴( wrangle的名词复数 )v.争吵，争论，口角( wrangle的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• We avoided wrangles and got down to business. 他们避免了争吵开始做正事。 来自辞典例句
• They hope to see politicians in exciting wrangles and to get some fun out of politics. 他们期望政治人物进行有趣的战斗，期望从政治中获得娱乐。 来自互联网

6 foul   

adj.污秽的；邪恶的；v.弄脏；妨害；犯规；n.犯规

参考例句：

• Take off those foul clothes and let me wash them.脱下那些脏衣服让我洗一洗。
• What a foul day it is!多么恶劣的天气！

7 cardinal   

n.(天主教的)红衣主教；adj.首要的，基本的

参考例句：

• This is a matter of cardinal significance.这是非常重要的事。
• The Cardinal coloured with vexation. 红衣主教感到恼火，脸涨得通红。

8 assassinated   

v.暗杀( assassinate的过去式和过去分词 )；中伤；诋毁；破坏

参考例句：

• The prime minister was assassinated by extremists. 首相遭极端分子暗杀。
• Then, just two days later, President Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas. 跟着在两天以后，肯尼迪总统在达拉斯被人暗杀。 来自辞典例句

9 minor   

adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修

参考例句：

• The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
• I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。

10 sinister   

adj.不吉利的，凶恶的，左边的

参考例句：

• There is something sinister at the back of that series of crimes.在这一系列罪行背后有险恶的阴谋。
• Their proposals are all worthless and designed out of sinister motives.他们的建议不仅一钱不值，而且包藏祸心。

11 negligent   

adj.疏忽的；玩忽的；粗心大意的

参考例句：

• The committee heard that he had been negligent in his duty.委员会听说他玩忽职守。
• If the government is proved negligent,compensation will be payable.如果证明是政府的疏忽，就应支付赔偿。

12 skeptic   

n.怀疑者，怀疑论者，无神论者

参考例句：

• She is a skeptic about the dangers of global warming.她是全球变暖危险的怀疑论者。
• How am I going to convince this skeptic that she should attention to my research?我将如何使怀疑论者确信她应该关注我的研究呢？

13 pawnbroker   

n.典当商，当铺老板

参考例句：

• He redeemed his watch from the pawnbroker's.他从当铺赎回手表。
• She could get fifty dollars for those if she went to the pawnbroker's.要是她去当铺当了这些东西，她是可以筹出50块钱的。

14 landlady   

n.女房东，女地主

参考例句：

• I heard my landlady creeping stealthily up to my door.我听到我的女房东偷偷地来到我的门前。
• The landlady came over to serve me.女店主过来接待我。

15 handouts   

救济品( handout的名词复数 )； 施舍物； 印刷品； 讲义

参考例句：

• Soldiers oversee the food handouts. 士兵们看管着救济食品。
• Even after losing his job, he was too proud to accept handouts. 甚至在失去工作后，他仍然很骄傲，不愿接受施舍。

16 judgment   

n.审判；判断力，识别力，看法，意见

参考例句：

• The chairman flatters himself on his judgment of people.主席自认为他审视人比别人高明。
• He's a man of excellent judgment.他眼力过人。