哈佛大学：喝粥可预防癌症

 A large bowl of porridge each day may protect against death from cancer, the biggest ever analysis of the benefits of whole grains has shown. 

迄今有关粗粮好处的最大规模分析显示，每天喝一大碗粥可预防癌症带来的死亡。

Oats have long been considered a super-food, staving off illnesses like diabetes¹ and heart disease.

长期以来燕麦被认为是一种超级食品，可预防糖尿病和心脏疾病等疾病。

But now a major review by Harvard University has found that whole grains also seem to prevent early death and lower the chance of dying from cancer. 

但是，现在由哈佛大学进行的一项重要研究发现，粗粮似乎也能防止人们早逝，还能降低死于癌症的几率。

哈佛大学：喝粥可预防癌症

A meta-analysis of 12 studies involving nearly 800,000 people found that eating 70 grams of whole grains a day – the equivalent of a large bowl of porridge – lowers the risk of all-cause death by 22 percent and death from cancer by 20 percent. 

对涉及近80万人的12项研究进行综合分析后发现，每天食用70克粗粮——相当于一大碗粥?——可降低22%的全因死亡率以及20%的癌症死亡率。

It also reduces the risk of dying from cardiovascular disease by 20 percent. 

它还将死于心血管疾病的风险减少20％。

Scientists believe that whole grains help lower cholesterol² and help regulate blood sugar, as well as keeping people full for longer, meaning they don't snack on unhealthy foods. The same effect could be gained eating bran, quinoa or a mix of grains. 

科学家们认为，粗粮有助于降低胆固醇，帮助调节血糖，以及维持更长时间的饱腹感。这意味着人们不会食用不健康的零食。食用米糠、藜麦或混合谷物可以达到相同的效果。

Whole grains, where the bran and germ remain, contain 25 percent more protein than refined grains, such as those that make white flour, pasta and white rice. 

粗粮保有原来的麸皮和胚芽，与制作白面、意大利面食和白米饭的细粮相比，蛋白质含量高25%。

Previous studies have shown that whole grains can boost bone mineral density³, lower blood pressure, promote healthy gut⁴ bacteria and reduce the risk of diabetes. 

此前的研究显示粗粮能增加骨骼中的矿物密度，降低血压，增加健康的肠道细菌，以及降低患糖尿病的风险。

One particular fibre found only in oats – called beta-glucan – has been found to lower cholesterol which can help to protect against heart disease. A bioactive compound called avenanthramide is also thought to stop fat forming in the arteries⁵, preventing heart attacks and strokes. 

一种只有燕麦才有的纤维素——称为β-葡聚糖——能降低胆固醇，从而预防心脏疾病。燕麦中的一种生物活性物质，被称为燕麦生物碱，能防止动脉中形成脂肪，减少心脏病和中风的威胁。

Whole grains are also widely recommended in many dietary guidelines because they contain high levels of nutrients⁶ like zinc⁷, copper⁸, manganese, iron and thiamine. They are also believed to boost levels of antioxidants which combat free-radicals which are linked to cancer. 

很多饮食指南都极力推荐粗粮，因为其营养价值高，富含锌、铜、锰、铁和维生素B1。粗粮还可以增加身体内的抗氧化物质，来对抗可能引起癌症的自由基。

The new research suggests that if more people switched to whole grains, thousands of lives could be saved each year. Cancer kills around 160,000 people a year while coronary heart disease is responsible for around 73,000 deaths in the UK each year. 

此次的新研究表明，如果更多的人选择食用粗粮，每年可能拯救成千上万的生命。英国每年有大约16万人死于癌症，大约7.3万人死于冠心病。

Health experts said the study proved that whole grains were essential for good health. 

健康专家称研究证明粗粮对健康非常重要。

The researchers recommend that people choose foods that are high in whole grain ingredients—such as bran, oatmeal, and quinoa—that have at least 16 grams per serving, while reducing consumption of unhealthy refined carbohydrates⁹. Each 16 gram serving lowered the risk of total death by seven percent, and cancer by 5 percent. 

研究人员建议人们选择粗粮成分含量高的食物，如米糠，燕麦片，藜麦——每份至少含有16克；同时减少食用不健康的细粮碳水化合物。每吃16克粗粮可降低7%的总死亡率，以及5％的癌症死亡率。

1 diabetes   

n.糖尿病

参考例句：

• In case of diabetes, physicians advise against the use of sugar.对于糖尿病患者，医生告诫他们不要吃糖。
• Diabetes is caused by a fault in the insulin production of the body.糖尿病是由体內胰岛素分泌失调引起的。

2 cholesterol   

n.（U）胆固醇

参考例句：

• There is cholesterol in the cell of body.人体细胞里有胆固醇。
• They are determining the serum-protein and cholesterol levels.他们正在测定血清蛋白和胆固醇的浓度。

3 density   

n.密集，密度，浓度

参考例句：

• The population density of that country is 685 per square mile.那个国家的人口密度为每平方英里685人。
• The region has a very high population density.该地区的人口密度很高。

4 gut   

n.[pl.]胆量；内脏；adj.本能的；vt.取出内脏

参考例句：

• It is not always necessary to gut the fish prior to freezing.冷冻鱼之前并不总是需要先把内脏掏空。
• My immediate gut feeling was to refuse.我本能的直接反应是拒绝。

5 arteries   

n.动脉( artery的名词复数 )；干线，要道

参考例句：

• Even grafting new blood vessels in place of the diseased coronary arteries has been tried. 甚至移植新血管代替不健康的冠状动脉的方法都已经试过。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• This is the place where the three main arteries of West London traffic met. 这就是伦敦西部三条主要交通干线的交汇处。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 nutrients   

n.（食品或化学品）营养物，营养品( nutrient的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a lack of essential nutrients 基本营养的缺乏
• Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. 营养素被吸收进血液。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 zinc   

n.锌；vt.在...上镀锌

参考例句：

• Brass is formed by the fusion of copper and zinc.黄铜是通过铜和锌的熔合而成的。
• Zinc is used to protect other metals from corrosion.锌被用来保护其他金属不受腐蚀。

8 copper   

n.铜；铜币；铜器；adj.铜(制)的；(紫)铜色的

参考例句：

• The students are asked to prove the purity of copper.要求学生们检验铜的纯度。
• Copper is a good medium for the conduction of heat and electricity.铜是热和电的良导体。

9 carbohydrates   

n.碳水化合物，糖类( carbohydrate的名词复数 )；淀粉质或糖类食物

参考例句：

• The plant uses the carbohydrates to make cellulose. 植物用碳水化合物制造纤维素。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• All carbohydrates originate from plants. 所有的碳水化合物均来自植物。 来自辞典例句