雅思词汇:冬奥会的冰雪项目

 　　雅思词汇:冬奥会的冰雪项目

　　冬天来临，北方好多地方都开启了大雪模式，和小编一起来盘点冬奥会的冰雪项目吧!

　　冰上项目5个大项：

　　速度滑冰 Speed skating

　　【Speed skating】 is a competitive¹ form of ice skating in which the competitors race each other in travelling a certain distance on skates. Types of speed skating are long track speed skating, short track speed skating, and marathon speed skating. In the Olympic Games, long-track speed skating is usually referred to as just "speed skating", while short-track speed skating is known as "short track". The ISU, the governing body of both ice sports, refers to long track as "speed skating" and short track as "short track skating".

　　短道速滑 Short Track

　　【Short track】 speed skating is only about 100 years old and a product of North America. Speed skating, however, dates back to 13th century Holland.

　　Short track speed skating originated² in Canada and the United States in 1905 with the first known competition having taken place in 1909. By the 1920s and 30s, the sport was gaining popularity³ in Great Britain, Japan, France, Belgium and Australia.

　　While short track speed skating became part of the International Skating Union (ISU) in 1967, it wasn't until 1976 that official ISU competitions began.

　　花样滑冰 Figure Skating

　　【Figure skating】 is a sport and activity in which individuals, duos, or groups perform on figure skates on ice. It was the first winter sport included in the Olympics, in 1908. The four Olympic disciplines are men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing. Non-Olympic disciplines include synchronized⁴ skating and four skating. From intermediate⁵ through senior-level competition, skaters generally perform two programs (short and long) which, depending on the discipline, may include spins, jumps, moves in the field, lifts, throw jumps, death spirals⁶, and other elements or moves.

　　冰球 Ice Hockey

　　【Ice hockey】 is a contact team sport played on ice, usually in a rink, in which two teams of skaters use their sticks to shoot a vulcanized rubber puck into their opponent's net to score points. Ice hockey teams usually consist of four lines of three forwards, three pairs of defensemen, and two goaltenders. Normally, each team has five players who skate up and down the ice trying to take the puck and score a goal against the opposing team.

　　冰壶 Curling

　　【Curling】 is a sport in which players slide stones on a sheet of ice towards a target area which is segmented into four concentric circles. It is related to bowls, boules and shuffleboard. Two teams, each with four players, take turns sliding heavy, polished granite⁷ stones, also called rocks, across the ice curling sheet towards the house, a circular target marked on the ice. Each team has eight stones. The purpose is to accumulate the highest score for a game; points are scored for the stones resting closest to the centre of the house at the conclusion of each end, which is completed when both teams have thrown all of their stones. A game usually consists of eight or ten ends.

　　雪上项目10个大项：

　　冬季两项 Biathlon

　　越野滑雪 Cross Country

　　高山滑雪 Alphine Skiing

　　北欧两项 Nordic Combined

　　跳台滑雪 Ski Jumping

　　自由式滑雪 Freestyle Skiing

　　单板滑雪 Snowboarding

　　有舵雪橇 Bobsled*

　　俯式冰橇 Skeleton**

　　无舵雪橇 Luge

　　* 有舵雪橇，也有的翻译成“雪车”

　　** 俯式冰橇，也有的翻译成“钢架雪车”

　　速降 downhill

　　以上是冬奥会重点冰雪项目中英文名称，在雅思考试中会有涉及哦

1 competitive   

adj.竞争的，比赛的，好竞争的，有竞争力的

参考例句：

• Some kinds of business are competitive.有些商业是要竞争的。
• These businessmen are both competitive and honourable.这些商人既有竞争性又很诚实。

2 originated   

v.起源于，来自，产生( originate的过去式和过去分词 )；创造；创始；开创

参考例句：

• The disease is thought to have originated in the tropics. 这种疾病据说起源于热带地区。
• The art of portrait miniatures was originated in England. 微型画像艺术创始于英国。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 popularity   

n.普及，流行，名望，受欢迎

参考例句：

• The story had an extensive popularity among American readers.这本小说在美国读者中赢得广泛的声望。
• Our product enjoys popularity throughout the world.我们的产品饮誉全球。

4 synchronized   

同步的

参考例句：

• Do not use the synchronized keyword in Managed Objects. 不要在管理对象上使用synchronized关键字。 来自互联网
• The timing of the gun was precisely synchronized with the turning of the plane's propeller. 风门的调速与飞机螺旋桨的转动精确同步。 来自辞典例句

5 intermediate   

adj.中间的，居间的，中级的；n.中间体，媒介物

参考例句：

• This country is now at an intermediate stage of development.这个国家目前正处于发展的中间阶段。
• Gray is intermediate between black and white.灰色介于黑色和白色之间。

6 spirals   

螺旋（线）( spiral的名词复数 )； 螺旋式的上升（或下降）

参考例句：

• Monetary inflation spirals inexorably on. 通货膨胀使物价节节上涨。
• Holographic time spirals and is not linear in nature. 全息的时间性质是螺旋而不是直线的。

7 granite   

adj.花岗岩，花岗石

参考例句：

• They squared a block of granite.他们把一块花岗岩加工成四方形。
• The granite overlies the older rocks.花岗岩躺在磨损的岩石上面。