初级笔译考试词义的选择、引申和褒贬

 　　词义的褒贬

　　语言本身虽没有阶级性，但在具体使用时不可能不为一定的阶级服务。为了忠实于原文的思想内容，翻译时必须正确理解原作者的基本政治立场和观点，然后选用适当的语言手段来加以表达。原文中有些词本身就表示褒贬意义，就应该把褒贬意义相应地表达出来;但也有些词语孤立起来看似乎是中性的，译成汉语时就要根据上下文恰如其分地把它们的褒义或贬义表达出来。

　　(一)英语中有些词本身就有褒贬意义，汉译时就应相应地表达出来，如：

　　1)He was a man of high renown¹ (fame).

　　他是位有名望的人。(褒)

　　2)His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death .

　　他作为流氓的恶名是他死后才传开的。(贬)

　　3)The tasks carried out by them are praiseworthy.

　　他们进行的事业是值得赞扬的。(褒)

　　4)Henry keeps boasting that he has talked to the President.

　　亨利总是吹嘘说他曾同总统谈过话。(贬)

　　5)"He was polite and always gave advice willingly," she recalled.

　　她回忆说，“他彬彬有礼，总是诲人不倦。”(褒)6)We were shocked by his coarse manners.

　　我们对他的粗暴态度感到震惊。(贬)

 

1 renown   

n.声誉，名望

参考例句：

• His renown has spread throughout the country.他的名声已传遍全国。
• She used to be a singer of some renown.她曾是位小有名气的歌手。