英语美文：演讲其实很简单

 　　Speaking easySpeaking in public is most people s least favorite thing. the reason is that we re all afraid of making fools of ourselves. The more important the speech, the more frightened we become.

　　But stop biting your finger-nails. Public speaking is easy. It s just plain talking, and you talk all the time. Although I m basically¹ shy(honest!), I ve been making speeches and talking on radio and television for more than 30 years, and I can tell you that public speaking is not a “gift” like musical talent or being able to draw. Anybody who can talk can speak in public. Here are some of the lessons I have learned²:

　　Keep it simple.

　　Your audience2 is going to come away with one or two of your main ideas. One or two. Not ten or 20. If you can t express in a sentence or two what you intend to get across3, then your speech is not focused³ well enough. And if you don t have a clear idea of what you want to say, there s no way your audience will.

　　Get organized.

　　No matter how long or short your speech, you ve got to get your ducks in a row—how you re going to open, what major points you want to make and how you re going to close.

　　When I do a radio or TV piece, I often write the last sentence first. When you know where you re headed, you can choose any route⁴ to get there. A strong close is critical4: the last thing you say is what your audience will most likely remember.

　　Keep it short.

　　the standard length of a vaudeville5 act was 12 minutes. If all those troupers6 singing and dancing their hearts out couldn t go on longer without boring the audience, what makes you think you can?

　　演讲其实很简单很少有人喜欢在公共场合演讲，原因是我们都怕出洋相，越是重要的演讲心里越恐慌。

　　但是你不必紧张兮兮的。演讲其实很容易。演讲就跟平常说话差不多，大家天天都在说话。我这个人尽管骨子里很害羞(这是实话!)，但却在广播电视节目里讲了30多年，说了30多年。可以这么跟你说，演讲跟音乐才华和绘画能力不一样，不靠“天赋”。只要会说话就能演讲。这里谈谈我自己的几点经验。

　　要简单明了别人听你讲话，总会记住你的一两个要点。一两点，不是一二十点。如果一两句话不能把你想说的意思表达出来，那说明你说话的重点不够突出。如果连你都不知道自己想说什么，怎么能指望别人听明白呢?

　　要有条理说话长也好，短也好，必须井井有条——开始说什么，主要想谈哪几点，最后怎么收尾。

　　我做广播电视节目的时候，常常先把最后一句话写好。一旦你知道了目标，路径就可以任你挑选了。关键是收尾要有力：最后说的话别人可能记得最清楚。

　　话不宜长一个杂耍节目的标准长度是12分钟。如果这些演员尽情歌舞超过12分钟都会让观众厌倦的话，你说你还能怎么样呢?

1 basically   

adv.基本上，从根本上说

参考例句：

• His heart is basically sound.他的心脏基本上健康。
• Basically I agree with your plan.我基本上同意你的计划。

2 learned   

adj.有学问的，博学的；learn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He went into a rage when he learned about it.他听到这事后勃然大怒。
• In this little village,he passed for a learned man.在这个小村子里，他被视为有学问的人。

3 focused   

adj.聚焦的v.（使）集中， （使）聚集( focus的过去式和过去分词 )；调整（镜头，眼睛）焦点[焦距]以便看清；（光、声等的）焦点；集中（光束于）

参考例句：

• Research has focused on improving the car's aerodynamics. 研究的重点是改善轿车的流线型。
• The discussion focused on three main problems. 讨论集中在三个主要问题上。

4 route   

n.路径，途径，路线；vt.确定路线，按规定路线发送

参考例句：

• On the way home, we took an indirect route.回家的路上，我们绕了一个大圈。
• The plane did not fly the usual commercial route.飞机没有沿通常的商业航线飞。