VOA慢速英语2012 Health Report - Groups Warn of Health Needs in Burma

Health Report - Groups Warn of Health Needs in Burma

健康报道 - 非政府援助组织对缅甸当前的卫生需求提出警告

This is the VOA Special English Health Report.

这里是美国之音慢速英语健康报道。

In the past year, Burma has opened its political system and reached cease-fire agreements with some ethnic¹ militias². The government has also eased media restrictions³. But many aid groups say their jobs have not gotten any easier.

在过去的一年，缅甸开放了政治体制并同少数民族武装达成了停火协议。政府还放宽了媒体限制。但许多援助组织表示，他们的工作难度并没有任何降低。

Health workers are warning about the spread of a form of drug-resistant⁴ malaria⁵. The malaria is resistant to treatment with artemisinin. It was first seen several years ago in Cambodia.

卫生工作者对一种抗药性疟疾的传播发出了警告。这种疟疾对青蒿素治疗具有抵抗性。几年前这种疟疾第一次出现在了柬埔寨。

Frank Smithuis started a group called Medical Action Myanmar. He says even with the recent political openings, aid organizations still find it difficult to gain access to areas most in need of aid. This is true, he says, especially in areas torn by many years of conflict along Burma's eastern border.

Frank Smithuis创办了一个名为“缅甸医疗行动”的组织。他表示，即使是在最近政治开放的情况下，援助组织仍然他们发现很难进入一些最需要援助的地区。这是事实，特别是缅甸东部边界被多年冲突蹂躏的地区。

FRANK SMITHUIS: "There are now very good opportunities because of the cease-fire agreements with the Karen and the Mon. Larger areas should now be open for access to a joint⁶ activity to stop this artemisinin resistance spread. However that has not happened yet and we definitely need to have more openness and more activity and more international donor⁷ money. And that’s very, very important."

FRANK SMITHUIS：“因为缅甸政府同克伦族、孟族的停火协议，现在有了很好的机会。缅甸更多地区现在应当开放让（援助组织的）联合行动进入，以制止这种抗青蒿素疟疾的传播。然而这一切还未能实现，我们绝对需要更多开放，更多行动和更多的国际援助资金。这是非常重要的。”

In the past, many nongovernmental organizations simply worked without official approval. Lower-level government officials largely ignored organizations that did not follow the rules.

在过去，许多非政府组织根本没有得到缅甸政府的正式批准。基层政府官员很大程度上忽视了这些未遵守规则的组织。

Until two thousand nine, just three international nongovernmental aid organizations had the required approvals to operate inside Burma. Yet more than one hundred were operating there. Many were able to get a memorandum⁸ of understanding that allowed them to work without an official registration⁹.

直到2009年都只有3个国际性非政府援助组织获得了在缅甸运营所需的批准，然而有100多个组织在这里运营。许多组织只能获得一份允许他们不进行正式登记开展工作的谅解备忘录。

But then came the recent political changes. Heads of aid organizations say lower-level officials are now unclear about their powers and responsibilities. In many cases they are enforcing the requirements more closely.

但随后发生了最近的政治变革。援助组织负责人表示，基层官员目前不清楚他们的权力和责任。在很多情况下他们对政策要求执行得更为严密。

Save the Children is an aid organization whose work is mostly related to mother and child health in Burma. Kelland Stevenson with Save the Children says, in general, ministries¹⁰ and government workers have become much more cooperative. He agrees with those who say the barriers that humanitarian¹¹ workers now face are largely bureaucratic¹².

救助儿童会（Save the Children）是一家援助组织，其工作主要是关于缅甸母亲及儿童的健康。救助儿童会的凯兰·史蒂文森（Kelland Stevenson）表示，一般情况下，部委和政府工作人员已经变得更为合作。他同意一些人说的，人道主义工作者目前面临的壁垒主要是官僚主义。

KELLAND STEVENSON: "It shouldn’t be a political discussion. There remains¹³ a bit of command and control from government, and it's not going to open up overnight. And the discussion about getting access to new areas is under way. You have to remember these changes have been extraordinarily¹⁴ dramatic in such a short time. I mean, we're talking a year."

史蒂文森：“这不应当是一种政治讨论，当前还残留着一些来自政府的命令和控制，这些不会一夜之间放开。有关进入新地区的讨论正在进行，你一定要记住，这么短时间内出现的这些变革已经非常显著。我的意思是才一年时间。”

Kelland Stevenson says "things are changing so quickly." Still, aid groups warn that some issues -- such as the drug-resistant malaria -- may only get worse unless the government also takes action quickly.

史蒂文森表示，变革是如此之快。然而，援助组织警告称，除非政府也快速采取行动，否则一些诸如抗药性疟疾的问题只会变得更糟。

And that's the VOA Special English Health Report. For more health news for people learning English, go to www.voanews.cn. I'm Jim Tedder¹⁵.

___

Contributing: Danielle Bernstein

1 ethnic   

adj.人种的，种族的，异教徒的

参考例句：

• This music would sound more ethnic if you played it in steel drums.如果你用钢鼓演奏，这首乐曲将更具民族特色。
• The plan is likely only to aggravate ethnic frictions.这一方案很有可能只会加剧种族冲突。

2 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

3 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

4 resistant   

adj.(to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的

参考例句：

• Many pests are resistant to the insecticide.许多害虫对这种杀虫剂有抵抗力。
• They imposed their government by force on the resistant population.他们以武力把自己的统治强加在持反抗态度的人民头上。

5 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

6 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

7 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

8 memorandum   

n.备忘录，便笺

参考例句：

• The memorandum was dated 23 August,2008.备忘录上注明的日期是2008年8月23日。
• The Secretary notes down the date of the meeting in her memorandum book.秘书把会议日期都写在记事本上。

9 registration   

n.登记，注册，挂号

参考例句：

• Marriage without registration is not recognized by law.法律不承认未登记的婚姻。
• What's your registration number?你挂的是几号？

10 ministries   

（政府的）部( ministry的名词复数 )； 神职； 牧师职位； 神职任期

参考例句：

• Local authorities must refer everything to the central ministries. 地方管理机构应请示中央主管部门。
• The number of Ministries has been pared down by a third. 部委的数量已经减少了1/3。

11 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

12 bureaucratic   

adj.官僚的，繁文缛节的

参考例句：

• The sweat of labour washed away his bureaucratic airs.劳动的汗水冲掉了他身上的官气。
• In this company you have to go through complex bureaucratic procedures just to get a new pencil.在这个公司里即使是领一支新铅笔，也必须通过繁琐的手续。

13 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

14 extraordinarily   

adv.格外地；极端地

参考例句：

• She is an extraordinarily beautiful girl.她是个美丽非凡的姑娘。
• The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning.那天清晨，大海出奇地宁静。

15 tedder   

n.（干草）翻晒者，翻晒机

参考例句：

• Jim Tedder has more. 吉姆？特德将给我们做更多的介绍。 来自互联网
• Jim Tedder tells us more. 吉姆？泰德给我们带来更详细的报道。 来自互联网