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AS IT IS 2014-10-27 California Considers Changes to Water System 加州考虑改变水系统
People in California are suffering the effects of the state’s third year of drought. This water shortage is causing many Californians to urge the state to change its water policy.
The fountains are dry at the J. Paul Getty Museum in Los Angeles. Museum officials turned off the water as part of a statewide campaign to save water. Officials have restricted use of water on grass, trees and other plants. And those who disobey the rules can be punished.
People living in Los Angeles recently heard the head of the local water agency talk about the crisis. His comments about the shortage worried Cherie Shankar. She heard him speak at a meeting held by the group Town Hall Los Angeles.
“We’ve been doing things a certain way for over 100 years, but everything has changed. We have climate change. We have these unprecedented1 droughts…”
The third year of extremely dry weather has left some reservoirs – water supply centers – at almost record low levels. And, the springtime snow pack measures 20 percent below normal. The springtime snow pack provides much of California’s water.
Prices for California farm produce are rising. As further proof of the crisis, farmers in the usually fertile Central Valley are not planting their fields.
Dan Errotabere grows pistachio and almond nuts, garlic, wine grapes and other crops near the city of Fresno. He depends on ground water, which he pumps himself. But the amount of water he can receive from the state has fallen to zero. He says the results of the drought are shocking.
Doug Parker is a water policy expert with the California Institute for Water Resources at the University of California. Mr. Parker says the water system has fallen behind in meeting the state’s needs. He says the climate and water sources are both experiencing more changes now than in the past.
“What we do know from the climate change data is that we’re going to get more droughts and we’re also going to have more flood-type years, as well. So we need to be able to build a system and have a system that adapts to that variability in water.”
A few California communities are now depending on emergency water supplies. Voters will be asked in November to pay for improvements to the water system. They will vote on whether or not to approve a seven- billion-dollar bond measure. Critics say that is too much to spend. They say it would not solve the problem.
Jeffrey Kightlinger of the Metropolitan2 Water District of Southern California supports the bond proposal. He says the Los Angeles area and the rest of the state need to be more intelligent about water.
“In the long run, local supplies, cleaning up our ground water, recycling water, reclaiming3 water. That’s the key to making southern California sustainable.”
But other people say that California needs to completely reform its water system. They say it needs to find a way to provide for the growing need for water.
Words in this Story
fountains – n., ornamental4 structures in a pool or other water from which water is pumped into the air
unprecedented – n. not done or experienced before
conservation – n. the protection of animals, plants and natural resources
sources – n. someone or something that provides what is wanted or needed
resources – n. a supply of something a country has that someone has and can use when it is needed
sustainable – adj. able to be used without being completely used or destroyed
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unprecedented
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| adj.无前例的，新奇的 | |
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metropolitan
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| adj.大城市的，大都会的 | |
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reclaiming
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| v.开拓( reclaim的现在分词 )；要求收回；从废料中回收（有用的材料）；挽救 | |
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ornamental
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| adj.装饰的；作装饰用的；n.装饰品；观赏植物 | |
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