VOA慢速英语2016 武装抗议者复制极端分子手段对抗美国

Protesters Copy Ways of Extremists Against US 武装抗议者复制极端分子手段对抗美国

Armed protesters continue to occupy a U.S. national wildlife refuge in the western state of Oregon.

武装示威者仍旧继续占据俄勒冈州西部美国国家野生动物保护区。

Some experts say the protesters have been influenced by the extremist militia¹ movement to fight against the federal government.

专家表示：示威者的做法也许受到恐怖分子行为的启发，才会采取如此极端的措施和联邦政府斗争

The protesters moved in while the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge was closed during the New Years' holiday.

在malheur野生动物园新年假期关闭期间，抗议者移动到这里

The leader of the protest is Ammon Bundy. He is a rancher from Nevada. Bundy said the occupying group has named itself Citizens for Constitutional Freedom. Bundy said he wants the government to consider claims that federal officials have mistreated local ranchers.

示威者领导人是Ammon Bundy.来自内华达的农场主。Ammon Bundy表示：他们这一群示威者成立的组织叫做宪法自由。并希望政府能够答应为受到不公平待遇的农场主提供保障

They are also bringing attention to the case of Dwight and Steven Hammond. They are two Oregon ranchers who were found guilty of setting fires illegally on public land. The ranchers were ordered to return to prison after a judge found they had not served enough of their five-year sentence. They have since returned to prison.

他们的行为也使得Dwight 和 Steven Hammond的案子引发众人关注。这两个人是俄亥俄州的农场主，因为在公共用地堆放易燃物而被判刑。在一名法官发现他们为服满五年徒刑之后，下列要求他们返回监狱。

Bundy has been involved in standoffs with government officials before. In 2014, Bundy, his father Cliven and his brother took part in another armed standoff with federal officials. They had refused to pay money for grazing their cattle on federal land. The standoff ended when the U.S. government returned cattle to the family that it had seized.

Bundy此前就已经和政府发生过冲突。2014 年，Bundy和他的父亲 Cliven 以及兄弟组成第三方武装同联邦政府还有另外一个武装组织对峙。拒绝在联邦土地上放牧的牲畜支付费用。对峙结束后，美国政府将牛唤回Bundy一家。

John Freemuth is an expert in land use at Boise State University in the Idaho. He says the protesters are dealing³ with issues of concern to Western ranchers. The government controls huge areas of land in the Western United States. That includes more than half of the state of Oregon.

John Freemuth是爱达荷州博伊西州立大学土地利用专家。他说: 抗议者抗议的是西部牧场主关注的问题。政府控制着在美国西部大片土地，包括俄勒冈州一半以上土地。

Freemuth says there has been a change in public values about wildlife protection and public lands. He says this has left ranchers feeling “squeezed by all these changes, new environmental laws…and they feel they're not listened to.”

Freemuth 表示，公众对于野生动物保护和公共土地利用的态度一直在变化。他说: 现在牧场主的感觉是"他们在新环境的法律受到排挤，已经不能在忍受了。

The loosely organized occupation group has brought together people with many concerns, including gun rights. Oregon is one of 45 states with so-called “open carry” laws, which permit people to carry firearms.

这些松散的组织聚集了许多关心这类问题的人，包括持枪的人。俄勒冈州是45个有"公开进行"法律允许人们携带枪支的州之一。

One protester Jon Ritzheimer has led armed anti-Islamic protests in his home state of Arizona. Ritzheimer posted an emotional declaration on YouTube warning that “there's no stopping us.”

其中一名抗议者Jon Ritzheimer 在他的家乡亚利桑那州参加过反IS示威。根据Ritzheimer自己发布到youtube上的视频"有没有什么可以阻止我们"表达自己的愿望

John Freemuth says most Oregonians are appalled⁴ at the confrontation⁵. He says they consider the occupiers outside activists⁶ “who have rolled in, armed and threatening, and have gone way beyond what the local folks are protesting.”

John Freemuth表示:现在俄勒冈大部分地区出于对抗状态。现在抗议分子采取了武装威胁等等手段，已经远远超出了普通居民抗议的范围。

Ryan Lenz is with the Southern Poverty Law Center. The organization studies extremist groups. Lenz says some ranchers who have real grievances⁷ with the federal government have been influenced by what he calls fringe ideologies⁸. He says anti-government extremists should not control what is lawful⁹ “in a country where we have a longstanding system of jurisprudence as organized by our courts.”

Ryan Lenz是与南方贫困法律中心工作人员。该组织专门研究极端主义。Lenz表示：真正有冤屈的牧场主与联邦政府受到边缘意识影响。他说，反政府的极端分子不应该自己去决定什么是合法行为，尤其是一个长期以来实行民主法治的国家。

Rick Eaton is a researcher on extremist groups at the Simon Wiesenthal Center in Los Angeles. He believes federal officials have shown restraint. Eaton says, “To their credit, the government has backed off and has not created a standoff.”

伊顿是洛杉矶的 Simon Wiesenthal研究中心研究员，该组织专门研究极端主义。他认为联邦政府官员已经表现出相当的克制。伊顿说，政府已经努力抛弃对他们的信任，还没有造成对峙的局面

Many standoffs end without violence or injury such as the occupation in 1972 of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Washington DC. Others like one in Ruby¹⁰ Ridge¹¹, Idaho in 1992 and another near Waco, Texas, ended with the deaths of civilians¹² and federal agents.

许多对峙最后都没有发生暴力事件，如1972年华盛顿特区发生的占领印第安事务局，以及1992年爱达荷州和得克萨斯州韦科附近却是以一位平民和一名联邦特工死亡告终。

Sheriff David Ward¹³ of Harney County in Oregon addressed the armed protesters on Monday. He said, “It is time for you to leave our community. Go home to your own families and end this peacefully.”

周一，俄勒冈州的哈尼县警长Harney County对抗议者表示：现在你们应该离开我们这里，回到自己家中，让这件事情和平解决。

Words in This Story

standoff –n. an argument or contest in which there is no winner

rancher –n. a person who works on a ranch², often raising cattle

grievances –n. feelings of having been treated unfairly

fringe –adj. the outer edge of something, not mainstream¹⁴

ideologies –n. the set of ideas or beliefs of a group or political party

adequate –adj. enough

jurisprudence –n. the study of law

1 militia   

n.民兵，民兵组织

参考例句：

• First came the PLA men,then the people's militia.人民解放军走在前面，其次是民兵。
• There's a building guarded by the local militia at the corner of the street.街道拐角处有一幢由当地民兵团守卫的大楼。

2 ranch   

n.大牧场，大农场

参考例句：

• He went to work on a ranch.他去一个大农场干活。
• The ranch is in the middle of a large plateau.该牧场位于一个辽阔高原的中部。

3 dealing   

n.经商方法，待人态度

参考例句：

• This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing.该商店因买卖公道而享有极高的声誉。
• His fair dealing earned our confidence.他的诚实的行为获得我们的信任。

4 appalled   

v.使惊骇，使充满恐惧( appall的过去式和过去分词)adj.惊骇的；丧胆的

参考例句：

• The brutality of the crime has appalled the public. 罪行之残暴使公众大为震惊。
• They were appalled by the reports of the nuclear war. 他们被核战争的报道吓坏了。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。

6 activists   

n.（政治活动的）积极分子，活动家( activist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His research work was attacked by animal rights activists . 他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
• Party activists with lower middle class pedigrees are numerous. 党的激进分子中有很多出身于中产阶级下层。 来自《简明英汉词典》

7 grievances   

n.委屈( grievance的名词复数 )；苦衷；不满；牢骚

参考例句：

• The trade union leader spoke about the grievances of the workers. 工会领袖述说工人们的苦情。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》
• He gave air to his grievances. 他申诉了他的冤情。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 ideologies   

n.思想（体系）( ideology的名词复数 )；思想意识；意识形态；观念形态

参考例句：

• There is no fundamental diversity between the two ideologies. 这两种思想意识之间并没有根本的分歧。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Radical ideologies require to contrast to their own goodness the wickedness of some other system. 凡是过激的意识形态，都需要有另外一个丑恶的制度作对比，才能衬托出自己的善良。 来自辞典例句

9 lawful   

adj.法律许可的，守法的，合法的

参考例句：

• It is not lawful to park in front of a hydrant.在消火栓前停车是不合法的。
• We don't recognised him to be the lawful heir.我们不承认他为合法继承人。

10 ruby   

n.红宝石，红宝石色

参考例句：

• She is wearing a small ruby earring.她戴着一枚红宝石小耳环。
• On the handle of his sword sat the biggest ruby in the world.他的剑柄上镶有一颗世上最大的红宝石。

11 ridge   

n.山脊；鼻梁；分水岭

参考例句：

• We clambered up the hillside to the ridge above.我们沿着山坡费力地爬上了山脊。
• The infantry were advancing to attack the ridge.步兵部队正在向前挺进攻打山脊。

12 civilians   

平民，百姓( civilian的名词复数 )； 老百姓

参考例句：

• the bloody massacre of innocent civilians 对无辜平民的血腥屠杀
• At least 300 civilians are unaccounted for after the bombing raids. 遭轰炸袭击之后，至少有300名平民下落不明。

13 ward   

n.守卫，监护，病房，行政区，由监护人或法院保护的人（尤指儿童）；vt.守护，躲开

参考例句：

• The hospital has a medical ward and a surgical ward.这家医院有内科病房和外科病房。
• During the evening picnic,I'll carry a torch to ward off the bugs.傍晚野餐时，我要点根火把，抵挡蚊虫。

14 mainstream   

n.（思想或行为的）主流；adj.主流的

参考例句：

• Their views lie outside the mainstream of current medical opinion.他们的观点不属于当今医学界观点的主流。
• Polls are still largely reflects the mainstream sentiment.民调还在很大程度上反映了社会主流情绪。