VOA慢速英语2016 体液中检测到寨卡病毒分享到:

Zika Virus Detected in Body Fluids 体液中检测到寨卡病毒分享到:

Brazilian scientists have detected the Zika virus in urine and saliva¹ samples of two infected patients.

巴西科学家在两名感染患者的尿液和唾液中检测到了寨卡病毒。

But, they said, more study is needed to find out whether the virus can infect by exchanging body fluids.

但是，他们称，要证明交换体液后是否还会受到病毒感染，还需进行更多的研究。

Myrna Bonaldo, one of the scientists who made the discovery,told Reuters that it “is not proof” that the virus “can contaminate other people through those fluids.”

默娜·博纳尔多是发现这次病毒的科学家之一，他告知路透社，此次发现还并不能验证病毒“能够通过体液传染给其他人”。

Earlier this week, health officials in Brazil confirmed two cases of Zika virus in blood transfusions³.And health officials in the U.S. reported what may be the first case of the virus being transmitted in the United States by sexual contact.

这周早些时候，巴西的卫生官员确诊了两例因输血而感染寨卡病毒的患者。美国卫生官员报道了美国因性行为而感染的首例寨卡病毒患者。

The Zika virus gets its name from a forest in Uganda where the virus was first identified in 1947.The virus is known to exist in tropical areas like Africa, the Americas, southern Asia and western Pacific.

寨卡病毒是由于乌干达的某个森林而得名的，1947年首次发现该病毒。该病毒因长期存在于诸如非洲、美洲、南亚及西太平洋的热带地区而为人们所知。

People can catch the Zika virus after being bitten by an infected Aedes mosquito.This is the same mosquito that can spread dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever.

人们会因为被感染的豹脚蚊叮咬而感染寨卡病毒。这种蚊子同样可以传播登革热、基孔肯雅病和黄热病。

In the latest Zika virus outbreak, Brazil reported the first case in May 2015.The World Health Organization (WHO) said that the Zika virus could be linked to 4,000 suspected cases of microcephaly in Brazil.Microcephaly is when babies are born with small heads.It causes severe brain damage.

最近的一次寨卡病毒爆发时，巴西于2015年5月报道了首例感染者。世界卫生组织（WHO）称，寨卡病毒与巴西4000例头小畸形症疑似病例有关。头小畸形症是指婴儿出生时头骨很小的病症。它能造成严重的脑损伤。

Since then, the virus has spread by mosquitoes and has caused infections in Brazil, many Latin American countries, Europe and the U.S.

从那以后，该病毒通过蚊子进行传播，在巴西、许多拉美国家、欧洲及美国都已引起感染。

On Friday, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)said that the Pacific islands of Tonga and American Samoa also reported new cases of virus infections.

周五，美国疾病防治中心称，汤加太平洋岛国及美属萨摩亚群岛均报道了该病毒感染的新病例。

With the spread of the mosquito-borne virus, the WHO declared a global health emergency Monday.The declaration provided more money and resources to fight the virus.But the health agency ruled out a ban on travel or trade in affected⁴ areas.

随着蚊子传播病毒的蔓延，周一世界卫生组织宣告了卫生紧急状态。该公告提供了更多资金及资源以抗击病毒。但是，卫生机构取消了禁止在疫区旅游或贸易的规定。

At this time, there is no treatment or vaccine⁵ for the Zika virus.But drug companies in India, Japan and France announced that they are working to develop possible vaccines⁶.

此时，并没有针对寨卡病毒的治疗方法或疫苗。但是印度、日本和法国的医药公司宣布他们正努力研发合适的疫苗。

Dr. Anthony Fauci is director of the U.S. National Institute for Allergy⁷ and Infectious Diseases (NIAID).He said it would take “a few years” before the vaccine is readily available to the public.

安东尼·福奇博士是美国国立变态反应与传染病研究所主任。他说疫苗准备好对公众投放需要花费几年时间。

For now, Fauci said the way to fight the disease is “mosquito control.”

福奇说从现在开始，打击疾病的方式就是“蚊虫防控”。

Words in This Story

contaminate - v. to make something dangerous, dirty, or impure⁸

blood transfusion² - n. a medical treatment in which someone's blood is put into the body of another person

transmitted - v. to give to or pass

tropical - adj. of, relating to or used in warmer climates

outbreak - n. a sudden increase in the number of reports of a disease

global - adj. involving the whole world

1 saliva   

n.唾液，口水

参考例句：

• He wiped a dribble of saliva from his chin.他擦掉了下巴上的几滴口水。
• Saliva dribbled from the baby's mouth.唾液从婴儿的嘴里流了出来。

2 transfusion   

n.输血，输液

参考例句：

• She soon came to her senses after a blood transfusion.输血后不久她就苏醒了。
• The doctor kept him alive by a blood transfusion.医生靠输血使他仍然活着。

3 transfusions   

n.输血( transfusion的名词复数 )；输液；倾注；渗透

参考例句：

• Still, transfusions have apparently never spread the disease, even among hemophiliacs. 还有，输血很明显从未传播过这种病，即使在血友病人之间也是如此。 来自英汉非文学 - 生命科学 - 口蹄疫疯牛病
• Blood transfusions are a special, limited example of tissue transplantation. 输血是一个特殊的、有限制的组织移植的例子。 来自辞典例句

4 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

5 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

6 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

7 allergy   

n.(因食物、药物等而引起的)过敏症

参考例句：

• He developed an allergy to pollen.他对花粉过敏。
• The patient had an allergy to penicillin.该患者对青霉素过敏。

8 impure   

adj.不纯净的，不洁的；不道德的，下流的

参考例句：

• The air of a big city is often impure.大城市的空气往往是污浊的。
• Impure drinking water is a cause of disease.不洁的饮用水是引发疾病的一个原因。