VOA慢速英语2019 阿富汗举行总统选举

Afghans Prepare for Presidential Elections

Millions of Afghans are expected to vote in presidential elections on Saturday.

预计数百万阿富汗人将在周六的总统选举中投票。

The Taliban is telling Afghans to stay away from voting stations.

塔利班警告阿富汗民众不要前往投票站。

Violence continues to rise since a deal between the Taliban and the United States collapsed¹ early this month. The deal would have ended U.S. involvement in the Afghan conflict, America’s longest war.

本月初，在塔利班和美国的协议破裂后，暴乱事件持续上升。该协议旨在结束美国对阿富汗战争的干预，这是美国参加的最旷日持久的战争。

Campaigning for the Afghan elections had just started. The deal was expected to delay the vote and oust² Afghan President Ashraf Ghani.

阿富汗选举的竞选活动刚刚开始。预计这项协议将推迟大选，并推翻阿富汗总统加尼的统治。

Now, the country is facing a number of challenges to holding the elections.

如今，这个国家在举行总统选举方面面临着多项挑战。

Ghani is the leading candidate. He faces accusations³ of corruption⁵ and abuse of power. His leading opponent is Chief Executive Abdullah Abdullah. The two men have shared power for the past five years in what has been described as a unity⁶ government.

加尼是最有力的总统候选人。他面临腐败和滥用职权的指控。他的主要对手是政府首席执行官阿卜杜拉·阿卜杜拉。过去5年，两人在所谓的联合政府中共同执政。

On Saturday, Afghan voters will be given a ballot⁷ with the names of 18 candidates. Most of the candidates have not campaigned or fully⁸ organized their election-day operations.

周六，阿富汗选民将投票选出18名候选人。大多数候选人没有参加竞选活动或充分组织他们的选举日活动。

There are several other concerns about the planned vote.

这场计划中的投票还存在其他几个问题。

Security concerns high

安全问题严重

Taliban attacks have killed many people in recent weeks. The group now controls or strongly influences about half the country. It has condemned⁹ the elections and warned Afghans against voting. Militants¹⁰ allied¹¹ with the Islamic State group also threatened voters. It operates mainly in eastern Afghanistan.

最近几周，塔利班的袭击造成许多人死亡。该组织现在控制或严重影响着全国约半数地区。该组织谴责了这次选举，并警告阿富汗民众不要投票。与“伊斯兰国”组织结盟的武装分子也威胁选民。该组织主要在阿富汗东部活动。

The country’s Independent Election Commission sought security for 5,373 voting stations. However, security agencies said they were unable to guard 410 stations. So those will not open on Saturday.

阿富汗独立选举委员会为5373处投票站寻求安全保障。然而，安全机构表示，他们无法保障410个投票点的安全。因此这些投票站周六当天将关闭。

A full one-third of the country’s estimated 300,000-strong Afghan National Security and Defense¹² Forces will be deployed¹⁴ on election day.

据估计，在阿富汗选举当天，安排在选举现场的国家安保人员和国防军将足有十多万，占全国防卫人员总数的三分之一。

Corruption remains¹⁵ a problem

贪污仍然是个问题

The U.S. government has warned all the candidates to keep the election honest. In a surprise announcement, U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo withdrew more than $160 million in aid money, saying Ghani’s government was too corrupt⁴.

美国政府警告所有候选人要保持选举的真实性。美国国务卿蓬佩奥意外地宣布，撤回1.6亿美元的援助资金。蓬佩奥称，加尼政府过于腐败。

The last presidential elections in 2014 were so problematic that U.S. officials intervened. International observers say they do not expect the U.S. government to act this time. As a result, losing candidates and their supporters may be more willing to dispute the voting results.

2014年举行的上次总统选举问题重重，以至于美国官员进行了干预。国际观察人士称，他们预计美国政府这次不会采取行动。因此，落选的候选人及其支持者可能更愿意对投票结果提出异议。

About 100,000 election observers will deploy¹³ for the vote. Most of them are local and support one of the candidates. The top candidates, Ghani and Abdullah, each have more than 26,000 observers registered. Only nine of the 18 candidates have registered their voting-day observers with the Independent Election Commission.

大约10万名选举观察员将被派往投票站。他们中的大多数人都是当地人，并且支持其中某位候选人。支持率最高的候选人加尼和阿卜杜拉分别拥有2.6万多名观察员。在18名候选人中，只有9名向独立选举委员会登记了他们的选举日观察员。

Election costs

选举的成本

A lot of money is being spent on the presidential elections. It is estimated the voting process will cost $150 million. The Afghan government will pay $90 million. International donors¹⁶ will pay the remaining $59 million.

总统选举一事成本高昂。据估计，投票过程将耗资1.5亿美元。阿富汗政府将支付9000万美元。国际捐助者将支付剩余的5900万美元。

Peace talks

和平谈判

Afghanistan’s former President Hamid Karzai has warned that elections could hurt efforts to find a peaceful end to 18 years of war.

阿富汗前总统哈米德·卡尔扎伊警告称，总统选举可能会损害为和平结束18年战争而作出的努力。

Karzai called for U.S. officials and Taliban representatives to restart negotiations¹⁷. However, President Trump¹⁸ declared the talks “dead” after a Taliban attack killed two coalition¹⁹ soldiers, including an American.

卡尔扎伊呼吁美国官员和塔利班代表重启谈判。然而，在塔利班袭击造成包括一名美国人在内的两名联军士兵死亡后，特朗普总统宣布谈判“破裂”。

“We should first come to peace in Afghanistan and then conduct elections,” Karzai told the AP on Tuesday.

卡尔扎伊周二对美联社表示：“我们应该首先在阿富汗实现和平，然后再提选举一事。”

Words in This Story

challenge – n. a problem or test

remote – adj. far removed from something

conduct – v. to carry out; to plan and do (something, such as an activity)

1 collapsed   

adj.倒塌的

参考例句：

• Jack collapsed in agony on the floor. 杰克十分痛苦地瘫倒在地板上。
• The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. 房顶在雪的重压下突然坍塌下来。

2 oust   

vt.剥夺，取代，驱逐

参考例句：

• The committee wanted to oust him from the union.委员会想把他从工会中驱逐出去。
• The leaders have been ousted from power by nationalists.这些领导人被民族主义者赶下了台。

3 accusations   

n.指责( accusation的名词复数 )；指控；控告；（被告发、控告的）罪名

参考例句：

• There were accusations of plagiarism. 曾有过关于剽窃的指控。
• He remained unruffled by their accusations. 对于他们的指控他处之泰然。

4 corrupt   

v.贿赂，收买；adj.腐败的，贪污的

参考例句：

• The newspaper alleged the mayor's corrupt practices.那家报纸断言市长有舞弊行为。
• This judge is corrupt.这个法官贪污。

5 corruption   

n.腐败，堕落，贪污

参考例句：

• The people asked the government to hit out against corruption and theft.人民要求政府严惩贪污盗窃。
• The old man reviled against corruption.那老人痛斥了贪污舞弊。

6 unity   

n.团结，联合，统一；和睦，协调

参考例句：

• When we speak of unity,we do not mean unprincipled peace.所谓团结，并非一团和气。
• We must strengthen our unity in the face of powerful enemies.大敌当前，我们必须加强团结。

7 ballot   

n.（不记名）投票，投票总数，投票权；vi.投票

参考例句：

• The members have demanded a ballot.会员们要求投票表决。
• The union said they will ballot members on whether to strike.工会称他们将要求会员投票表决是否罢工。

8 fully   

adv.完全地，全部地，彻底地；充分地

参考例句：

• The doctor asked me to breathe in,then to breathe out fully.医生让我先吸气，然后全部呼出。
• They soon became fully integrated into the local community.他们很快就完全融入了当地人的圈子。

9 condemned   

adj. 被责难的, 被宣告有罪的 动词condemn的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• He condemned the hypocrisy of those politicians who do one thing and say another. 他谴责了那些说一套做一套的政客的虚伪。
• The policy has been condemned as a regressive step. 这项政策被认为是一种倒退而受到谴责。

10 militants   

激进分子，好斗分子( militant的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The militants have been sporadically fighting the government for years. 几年来，反叛分子一直对政府实施零星的战斗。
• Despite the onslaught, Palestinian militants managed to fire off rockets. 尽管如此，巴勒斯坦的激进分子仍然发射导弹。

11 allied   

adj.协约国的；同盟国的

参考例句：

• Britain was allied with the United States many times in history.历史上英国曾多次与美国结盟。
• Allied forces sustained heavy losses in the first few weeks of the campaign.同盟国在最初几周内遭受了巨大的损失。

12 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

13 deploy   

v.（军）散开成战斗队形，布置，展开

参考例句：

• The infantry began to deploy at dawn.步兵黎明时开始进入战斗位置。
• The president said he had no intention of deploying ground troops.总统称并不打算部署地面部队。

14 deployed   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的过去式和过去分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Tanks have been deployed all along the front line. 沿整个前线已部署了坦克。
• The artillery was deployed to bear on the fort. 火炮是对着那个碉堡部署的。

15 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

16 donors   

n.捐赠者( donor的名词复数 )；献血者；捐血者；器官捐献者

参考例句：

• Please email us to be removed from our active list of blood donors. 假如你想把自己的名字从献血联系人名单中删去，请给我们发电子邮件。
• About half this amount comes from individual donors and bequests. 这笔钱大约有一半来自个人捐赠及遗赠。 来自《简明英汉词典》

17 negotiations   

协商( negotiation的名词复数 )； 谈判； 完成（难事）； 通过

参考例句：

• negotiations for a durable peace 为持久和平而进行的谈判
• Negotiations have failed to establish any middle ground. 谈判未能达成任何妥协。

18 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

19 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。