VOA慢速英语2019--越南2020年经济增长或领先中国

Vietnam Aims to Grow Economy by 7 Percent in 2020

Vietnam’s government is seeking to expand the country’s economy by seven percent this year. The goal would be one of Vietnam’s highest growth rates yet and could be greater than China’s expected economic expansion in 2020.

越南政府正谋求今年取得7%的经济增长。该目标是越南迄今为止最高的增长之一，并可能会高于中国2020年的预期经济增长。

The Vietnam-based financial services company SSI Research reported the goal on January third. The Vietnamese central government set a target for its Gross¹ Domestic² Product, or GDP, to increase 6.8 to seven percent. GDP represents the value of all goods and services produced within a country during one year.

越南金融服务公司SSI Research公司于1月3日报告了这一目标。越南中央政府设定了国内生产总值提高到6.8%到7%的目标。国内生产总值代表一个国家一年内生产的所有商品和服务的价值。

SSI Research said the growth is expected to be driven by investments in manufacturing, a lack of trade disputes involving Vietnam and a rising middle class. Manufacturing is predicted to be the leading area of growth, followed closely by the service industry, SSI Research said.

越南SSI Research公司表示，这种增长预计将由制造业投资、越南没有卷入贸易争端以及中产阶级人数增加来推动。该公司表示，制造业预计将引领增长，紧随其后的是服务业。

The Asian Development Bank keeps economic data of Asian countries. Its information shows that a seven percent expansion rate would place Vietnam among the 10 fastest-growing Asian economies this year. It also would put Vietnam ahead of China. The development bank has predicted a six percent rate for China in 2020.

亚洲开发银行掌握着亚洲国家的经济数据。该行的信息显示，7%的扩张将使越南成为增长最快的10个亚洲经济体之一。这也将使得越南超过中国。亚洲开发银行预计2020年中国经济增长率为6%。

Song Seng Wun is an economist³ with CIMB, a banking⁴ group in Singapore. He told VOA that much of Vietnam’s predicted growth in 2020 will come from money flowing into factories, offices and port operations.

宋诚焕就职于新加坡联昌国际，这是新加坡的一家银行机构。他对美国之音表示，越南2020年大部分的预期增长将出自流入工厂、写字楼和港口运营的资金。

Experts say foreign-supported manufacturing is expected to lead the country’s economy in 2020, just as it has for the past seven years. Song said a lot of foreign investors⁵ like, what he calls, “government stability” in Vietnam. Pay for factory workers in Vietnam can also be low. They can receive as little as $132 a month.

专家表示，与过去7年一样，外国支持的制造业有望在2020年引领该国经济。宋诚焕表示，许多外国投资者喜欢他所说的越南“政府稳定。”越南工厂工人的工资也很低。他们每个月只能挣到132美元。

Most of the investors come from Japan, Singapore, South Korea and Taiwan. The companies’ Vietnamese factories produce things like clothing, car parts and electronics⁶.

大多数投资者来自于日本、新加坡、韩国和中国台湾省。这些公司的越南工厂生产服装、汽车零件和电子产品。

In the first half of 2019, foreign investment projects were expected to reach $9.1 billion. That would be a nearly eight percent increase over the same period in 2018. That information comes from the website of the Ministry⁷ of Planning and Investment.

2019年上半年，越南的外国投资项目预计将达到91亿美元。这比2018年同期增长了近8%。该信息来自于越南计划和投资部。

Besides manufacturing, economic experts say tourism and improvements in higher education are also expected to increase growth.

经济学家表示，除了制造业，旅游业和高等教育改善也有望促进增长。

Between 2010 and 2018, the number of foreign tourists in Vietnam increased from 5 million to more than 15 million. This growth was mainly fueled by an increase in Chinese visitors.

在2010年到2018年期间，越南的外国游客数量从500万增加到1500万以上。这种增长主要来自于中国游客的增加。

Economists⁸ say another driver of foreign investment in Vietnam is a rise in higher education enrollment⁹. The percentage of Vietnamese receiving higher education has jumped from 10 to about 30 percent of the population since 2000.

经济学家表示，越南吸引外国投资的另一个原因是高等教育入学人数的增加。自2000年以来，越南人接受高等教育的比例从10%跃升到30%左右。

Murray Hiebert is a Southeast Asia expert at the Center for Strategic¹⁰ and International Studies in Washington, D.C. He told VOA that education matters in Vietnam because investors want workers with stronger problem-solving skills. Such employees can work in technical positions or help lead local offices, Hiebert said.

默里·希伯特是华盛顿特区战略与国际研究中心的东南亚专家。他对美国之音表示，越南的教育很重要，因为投资者希望拥有解决问题能力更强的工人。希伯特表示，这些员工可以担任技术职务或是协助领导当地办事处。

The Boston Consulting Group predicts that more than one-third of Vietnam’s 97 million people will be in, what is considered, the middle class by next year. Middle-class growth is fueled mainly by jobs created by manufacturing for export. As a result, many Vietnamese now have more money to spend on things like electronics, transportation, travel and education, the group said.

波士顿咨询集团预计到明年越南9700万人口中将有三分之一以上属于中产阶级。中产阶级的增长主要是由出口制造所创造的就业机会所推动。波士顿咨询集团表示，因此许多越南人现在有钱花在电子、交通、旅行和教育等方面。

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1 gross   

adj.全部的，粗俗的，肥胖的；vt.获得...总收入

参考例句：

• The gross weight of the box of chocolates is 500 grams.那盒巧克力的全部重量是500克。
• I consider this a gross oversight on your part.我把这件事看作是你的一大疏忽。

2 domestic   

adj.家里的，国内的，本国的；n.家仆，佣人

参考例句：

• This is domestic news.这是国内新闻。
• She does the domestic affairs every day.她每天都忙家务。

3 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

4 banking   

n.银行业，银行学，金融业

参考例句：

• John is launching his son on a career in banking.约翰打算让儿子在银行界谋一个新职位。
• He possesses an extensive knowledge of banking.他具有广博的银行业务知识。

5 investors   

n.投资者，出资者( investor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• a con man who bilked investors out of millions of dollars 诈取投资者几百万元的骗子
• a cash bonanza for investors 投资者的赚钱机会

6 electronics   

n.电子器件，电子学，电子技术

参考例句：

• About 45000 people worked in electronics in Scotland.苏格兰约有4.5万人在电子行业工作。
• He wants to brush up his knowledge of electronics.他想温习他的电子学知识。

7 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

8 economists   

n.经济学家，经济专家( economist的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The sudden rise in share prices has confounded economists. 股价的突然上涨使经济学家大惑不解。
• Foreign bankers and economists cautiously welcomed the minister's initiative. 外国银行家和经济学家对部长的倡议反应谨慎。 来自《简明英汉词典》

9 enrollment   

n.注册或登记的人数；登记

参考例句：

• You will be given a reading list at enrollment.注册时你会收到一份阅读书目。
• I just got the enrollment notice from Fudan University.我刚刚接到复旦大学的入学通知书。

10 strategic   

adj.战略（上）的，战略上重要的

参考例句：

• The army moved for strategic reasons.军队作了战略转移。
• The bridge is of strategic importance to us.这座桥对我们至关重要。