VOA慢速英语2021 美国呼吁暂停使用强生公司的新冠疫苗

American health officials called for a "pause" in the use of the COVID-19 vaccine¹ made by drug maker² Johnson & Johnson, known as J&J. They said six people developed rare cases of blood system blockages³, known as blood clots⁴, after receiving the vaccine.

美国卫生官员呼吁暂停使用强生制药生产的新冠肺炎疫苗。他们表示，有6人在接种这种疫苗后，发展成血液系统阻塞的罕见病例，这种阻塞也被称为血栓。

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) released a joint⁵ statement Tuesday saying they are studying the cases.

美国疾病控制预防中心以及美国食品药品管理局周二发表联合声明，称他们正在研究这些病例。

The agencies said six women, between the ages of 18 and 48, had blood clots from six to 13 days after vaccination⁶. The FDA had approved the J&J vaccine for emergency use in late February. So far, nearly 7 million shots have been given out, most with few or no side effects.

这些机构表示，这6名年龄18到48岁的女性在接种疫苗6到13天后出现血栓。美国食品药品管理局于2月下旬批准了强生疫苗用于紧急用途。到目前为止已经接种了近7百万剂，其中大多数副作用很小，或是没有副作用。

Health officials said anyone who has pain in their head, legs, in the middle part of their body or trouble breathing after receiving the J&J shot should contact their doctor. They also warned that a usual treatment for blood clots, the drug heparin, might be dangerous. They advised that healthcare workers should use different treatments for side effects from the vaccine.

卫生官员表示，任何人在接种强生疫苗后出现头部、腿部、腰部的疼痛，或是呼吸困难，都应该联系医生。他们还警告说，肝素一类的常规血栓治疗药物可能很危险。他们建议医护人员对这种疫苗副作用应该采用其它治疗方案。

"I'd like to stress these events appear to be extremely rare. However, COVID-19 vaccine safety is a top priority for the federal government," said FDA Acting⁷ Commissioner⁸ Janet Woodcock at a news conference on Tuesday. She expected the pause to last for a few days.

美国食品药品管理局代理局长珍妮特·伍德考克表示：“我想强调的是这类事件似乎极为罕见。但是新冠肺炎疫苗的安全性是联邦政府的头等大事。”她预期这次暂停会持续一段时间。

The U.S. health agencies said their action was not an order to stop using the J&J vaccine. They said healthcare providers and patients could decide whether or not to receive the vaccine.

美国卫生机构表示，他们此举并非是下令停止使用强生疫苗。他们表示，医疗机构和患者可以自行决定是否接种该疫苗。

However, several American states, including New York and Minnesota, said they would immediately stop using the vaccine until further study is completed.

然而，包括纽约州和明尼苏达州在内的一些州表示，他们将立即停止使用该疫苗，直到完成进一步研究。

Similar to AstraZeneca cases

类似于阿斯利康疫苗病例

Until now, concern about rare blood clots has centered on the COVID-19 vaccine developed by AstraZeneca and Britain's University of Oxford⁹. Last week, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) said it has found a "possible link" between the AstraZeneca vaccine and rare cases of blood clots among women under the age of 60. The AstraZeneca vaccine has been approved for emergency use in over 100 countries including Britain and the European Union, but not in the U.S.

迄今为止，对罕见血栓的担忧一直集中在阿斯利康公司和英国牛津大学共同研发的疫苗上。上周，欧洲药管局表示可能发现了阿斯利康疫苗同60岁以下女性罕见血栓病例之间的联系。阿斯利康疫苗已被批准在包括英国和欧盟在内的100多个国家紧急使用，但是并不包括美国在内。

In a news release, Johnson & Johnson said it was aware of the reports of blood clots, but that no link to its vaccine had been established. The company added it would delay the rollout of its vaccine in Europe.

强生公司在新闻稿中表示，该公司已经获悉有关血栓的报道，但是尚未发现与其疫苗之间的联系。该公司还表示将推迟其疫苗在欧洲的推广。

Both the J&J and AstraZeneca vaccines¹⁰ are made using a modified cold virus to help the human body develop proteins to fight the coronavirus. Two other vaccines, Sputnik V from Russia's Gamaleya Research Institute and China's shot from CanSino Biologics use the same technology. These vaccines do not require cold storage, making them easier to use in areas with limited resources.

强生和阿斯利康疫苗都采用了灭活病毒帮助人体产生抵抗新冠病毒的蛋白质。俄罗斯加马列亚研究所的Sputnik V疫苗和中国康希诺生物公司的疫苗都采用了同样的技术。这些疫苗无需冷藏，使得它们更容易在资源有限的地方使用。

The reports of blood clots are a second incident of bad news for Johnson & Johnson. In late March, millions of shots had to be thrown out after a manufacturing mistake was found at a factory in Baltimore, Maryland. Johnson & Johnson then took over the production in hopes of meeting its commitment to provide the United States with about 100 million shots by the end of May.

关于血栓的报道是强生公司遭遇的第二个坏消息。3月下旬，在马里兰州巴尔的摩市的一家工厂发现了生产错误，导致数百万剂疫苗必须被销毁。然后强生公司接管了生产，以期兑现在5月底向美国提供大约1亿剂疫苗的承诺。

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 maker   

n.制造者，制造商

参考例句：

• He is a trouble maker，You must be distant with him.他是个捣蛋鬼，你不要跟他在一起。
• A cabinet maker must be a master craftsman.家具木工必须是技艺高超的手艺人。

3 blockages   

n.堵塞物( blockage的名词复数 )；堵塞，阻塞

参考例句：

• The storms could increase the risks posed by river blockages. 暴风雨会增加因河道堵塞所造成的危险。 来自互联网
• An angiogram shows the location and severity of blockages in blood vessels. 冠状动脉造影能够显示血管内的阻塞位置以及阻塞的严重程度。 来自互联网

4 clots   

n.凝块( clot的名词复数 )；血块；蠢人；傻瓜v.凝固( clot的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

• When you cut yourself, blood clots and forms a scab. 你割破了，血会凝固、结痂。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Milk clots when it turns sour. 奶变酸就凝块。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》

5 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

6 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

7 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

8 commissioner   

n.（政府厅、局、处等部门）专员，长官，委员

参考例句：

• The commissioner has issued a warrant for her arrest.专员发出了对她的逮捕令。
• He was tapped for police commissioner.他被任命为警务处长。

9 Oxford   

n.牛津（英国城市）

参考例句：

• At present he has become a Professor of Chemistry at Oxford.他现在已是牛津大学的化学教授了。
• This is where the road to Oxford joins the road to London.这是去牛津的路与去伦敦的路的汇合处。

10 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。