VOA新闻杂志2022 拜登宣布对俄罗斯入侵乌克兰实施制裁

American President Joe Biden announced severe sanctions against Russian banks and powerful Russian business leaders Tuesday. He accused Russian President Vladimir Putin of breaking international law in what Biden called "the beginning of a Russian invasion of Ukraine."

美国总统拜登周二宣布对俄罗斯的银行以及有权势的俄罗斯商界领袖实施严厉制裁。他指责俄罗斯总统普京违反国际法，称其为“俄罗斯入侵乌克兰的开始”。

The measures came after Russian President Vladimir Putin recognized the Donetsk and Luhansk areas of eastern Ukraine as independent states earlier on Monday. Putin also ordered Russian troops to cross the border in what he called a "peacekeeping" mission.

这些措施是在俄罗斯总统普京周一早些时候承认乌克兰东部的顿涅茨克和卢甘斯克地区是独立国家之后出台的。普京还下令俄罗斯军队越过边境去执行他所谓的“维和”任务。

In a short 9-minute address from the White House, Biden said Russian actions violated international law and required tough measures from the international community.

拜登在白宫发表的短短9分钟讲话中表示，俄罗斯的行为违反国家法，需要国际社会采取强硬措施。

Biden announced that the United States will block businesses from two large Russian banks and enforce economic measures against Russian debts. "That means we've cut off Russia's government from Western finance," he said. "It can no longer raise money from the West and cannot trade in its new debt on our markets or European markets either."

拜登宣布美国将封锁两家俄罗斯大型银行的业务，并对俄罗斯债务实施经济制裁。他说：“这意味着我们已经切断了俄罗斯政府同西方金融体系的联系。该国无法再从西方筹集资金，也不能在美国或欧洲市场上交易他的新债务。”

Other measures included sanctions against Russian leaders and their families. The 27 member states of the European Union also agreed to set their own sanctions targeting Russian officials over their actions in Ukraine.

其它措施包括对俄罗斯领导人及其家属的制裁。欧盟27个成员国还同意就俄罗斯官员在乌克兰的行为制定各自的制裁措施。

The U.S. announcement came after Germany suspended the Nord Stream gas pipeline¹ from Russia. The U.S. and Western allies have long opposed the project, warning that it would increase Russian influence in Europe.

在德国宣布暂停来自俄罗斯的北溪天然气管道项目之后，美国宣布了这一消息。美国和西方盟友长期以来一直反对该项目，并警告称这将增加俄罗斯在欧洲的影响力。

The strong new measures, Biden said, were "far beyond the steps we and our allies and partners implemented² in 2014. And if Russia goes further with this invasion, we stand prepared to go further as with sanctions."

拜登表示，这些强有力的新措施“远远超过了我们和盟友在2014年实施的制裁措施。如果俄罗斯在这次入侵中走得更远，我们随时准备进一步制裁。”

The U.S. and Western allies announced limited economic measures against Russia after its takeover of Crimea, a Ukrainian territory on the Black Sea.

在俄罗斯接管乌克兰在黑海的领土克里米亚之后，美国和西方盟国宣布对俄罗斯采取有限的经济措施。

Western troops on alert

西方军队高度戒备

President Biden said Tuesday that the U.S. will send additional troops and military equipment to Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania in the neighboring Baltic area.

拜登总统周二表示，美国将向邻近波罗的海地区的爱沙尼亚、拉脱维亚以及立陶宛增派部队和军事装备。

Biden noted³, "We have no intention of fighting Russia. We want to send an unmistakable message though: that the United States together with our allies will defend every inch of NATO territory. And abide⁴ by the commitments we made to NATO."

拜登指出：“我们无意与俄罗斯作战。但是我们想要发出一个明确的信号，那就是美国以及我们的盟友将共同保卫北约的每一寸领土。并遵守我们对北约的承诺。”

NATO Secretary-General Jens Stoltenberg told reporters Tuesday that Russia "has now moved from covert⁵ attempts to destabilize Ukraine to overt⁶ military action."

北约秘书长廷斯·斯托尔滕贝格周二告诉记者，俄罗斯“现在已经从企图暗中破坏乌克兰稳定转向公开的军事行动。”

He added NATO allies have more than 100 jet planes on high alert and more than 120 warships⁷ ready at sea from the high north to the Mediterranean⁸ Sea.

他还表示，北约盟国有100多架喷气式飞机处于高度戒备状态，还有120多艘军舰在高北纬地区和地中海的海上待命。

Since November, the U.S. and NATO allies have warned about the deployment⁹ of more than 150,000 Russian troops around Ukraine.

自去年11月以来，美国和北约盟国就对俄罗斯在乌克兰周边部署了超过15万名俄军发出警告。

In their meeting over video last December, Biden told Putin of "strong economic and other measures" as punishment should Russia start a military conflict against Ukraine.

在去年12月的视频会议中，拜登告诉普京，如果俄罗斯对乌克兰发动军事冲突，就会出台强有力的经济和其它措施作为惩罚。

To end the crisis, Putin has called for international recognition of Crimea as part of Russia. The Russian leader has asked for Ukraine to remain "neutral" and end possible NATO membership. And he wants the West to stop sending weapons to the country.

为了结束这场危机，普京呼吁国际社会承认克里米亚是俄罗斯的一部分。这位俄罗斯领导人要求乌克兰保持“中立”并终止可能的北约成员资格。他还希望西方停止向该国运送武器。

On Tuesday, Biden again met with the Ukrainian foreign minister "to reaffirm the United States' commitment to Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial¹⁰ integrity," U.S. officials said.

美国官员表示，拜登周二再次会见了乌克兰外长，“重申美国对乌克兰主权和领土完整的承诺。”

Back in Kyiv, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy told his people, "We are not afraid of anyone or anything." Protestors gathered outside the Russian Embassy in Kyiv with Ukrainian flags.

回到基辅，乌克兰总统泽连斯基告诉人民，“我们不怕任何人和任何事。”抗议者手持乌克兰国旗聚集在俄罗斯驻基辅大使馆外。

One held up a sign that read: "We choose Europe not Russia."

有人举着一块标语，上面写着：“我们选择欧洲而不是俄罗斯。”

1 pipeline   

n.管道，管线

参考例句：

• The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
• A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。

2 implemented   

v.实现( implement的过去式和过去分词 )；执行；贯彻；使生效

参考例句：

• This agreement, if not implemented, is a mere scrap of paper. 这个协定如不执行只不过是一纸空文。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》
• The economy is in danger of collapse unless far-reaching reforms are implemented. 如果不实施影响深远的改革，经济就面临崩溃的危险。 来自辞典例句

3 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

4 abide   

vi.遵守；坚持；vt.忍受

参考例句：

• You must abide by the results of your mistakes.你必须承担你的错误所造成的后果。
• If you join the club,you have to abide by its rules.如果你参加俱乐部，你就得遵守它的规章。

5 covert   

adj.隐藏的；暗地里的

参考例句：

• We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。
• The army carried out covert surveillance of the building for several months.军队对这座建筑物进行了数月的秘密监视。

6 overt   

adj.公开的，明显的，公然的

参考例句：

• His opponent's intention is quite overt.他的对手的意图很明显。
• We should learn to fight with enemy in an overt and covert way.我们应学会同敌人做公开和隐蔽的斗争。

7 warships   

军舰，战舰( warship的名词复数 )； 舰只

参考例句：

• The enemy warships were disengaged from the battle after suffering heavy casualties. 在遭受惨重伤亡后，敌舰退出了海战。
• The government fitted out warships and sailors for them. 政府给他们配备了战舰和水手。

8 Mediterranean   

adj.地中海的；地中海沿岸的

参考例句：

• The houses are Mediterranean in character.这些房子都属地中海风格。
• Gibraltar is the key to the Mediterranean.直布罗陀是地中海的要冲。

9 deployment   

n. 部署,展开

参考例句：

• He has inquired out the deployment of the enemy troops. 他已查出敌军的兵力部署情况。
• Quality function deployment (QFD) is a widely used customer-driven quality, design and manufacturing management tool. 质量功能展开(quality function deployment,QFD)是一个广泛应用的顾客需求驱动的设计、制造和质量管理工具。

10 territorial   

adj.领土的，领地的

参考例句：

• The country is fighting to preserve its territorial integrity.该国在为保持领土的完整而进行斗争。
• They were not allowed to fish in our territorial waters.不允许他们在我国领海捕鱼。