VOA新闻杂志2022 危机加剧，俄罗斯从乌克兰撤出外交人员

Russia and Ukraine are both recalling their citizens as tensions between the countries intensify¹.

随着两国之间的紧张局势加剧，俄罗斯和乌克兰都开始召回本国公民。

Russia has withdrawn² diplomatic workers from its embassy in Kyiv while Ukraine has urged its citizens to leave Russia.

俄罗斯已经从该国驻基辅大使馆撤出了外交人员，而乌克兰则督促本国公民离开俄罗斯。

The actions come as Russian President Vladimir Putin received approval from Russia's parliament Wednesday to use military force outside his country. Western nations have answered that move with sanctions on Russian leaders and banks.

在此之前，俄罗斯总统普京于周三获议会批准在国外使用军事力量。西方国家通过制裁俄罗斯领导人以及银行对此作出回应。

The U.S. and its European allies accused Russia on Tuesday of crossing a red line after entering into separatist areas in eastern Ukraine. On Tuesday, U.S. President Joe Biden, in a televised message, called the moves "the beginning of a Russian invasion."

在俄罗斯进入乌克兰东部分裂地区后，美国及其欧洲盟友周二指责其越过了红线。美国总统拜登周二在电视讲话中称这些举动是“俄罗斯入侵的开始。”

Russia also withdrew diplomatic officials from Ukraine, state news agency Tass reported. By Wednesday, the Russian flag was no longer flying over the embassy in Kyiv. Police had surrounded the building.

据俄罗斯国家通讯社塔斯社报道，俄罗斯还从乌克兰撤出了外交官员。到了周三，俄罗斯国旗不再飘扬在基辅大使馆上空。警察已经包围了这栋大楼。

After weeks of demonstrating calm, Ukrainian officials showed signs of increased concern on Wednesday. The Foreign Ministry⁴ advised against travel to Russia. It also said Ukrainian citizens in Russia should leave immediately. The head of Ukraine's National Security and Defense⁵ Council also called for a nationwide state of emergency.

在展现了数周的平静之后，乌克兰官员周三展现出更加担忧的迹象。乌克兰外交部建议人们不要前往俄罗斯。它还表示，在俄罗斯的乌克兰公民应该立即离开。乌克兰国家与国防委员会主席还呼吁全国进入紧急状态。

There have been a number of signs of rising tensions. They include the withdrawal⁶ of Ukraine's ambassador to Russia. Ukrainian officials are also considering breaking diplomatic ties with Russia.

有多种迹象表明紧张局势升级。其中包括乌克兰驻俄罗斯大使的撤离。乌克兰官员还在考虑与俄罗斯断绝外交关系。

Several nations have blocked rich Russian business leaders, known as oligarchs, and banks from international financial markets. Germany halted the Nord Stream 2 natural gas pipeline⁷ from Russia. The United States sent more troops to NATO alliance partners near Russia. And the top U.S. diplomat³ canceled a meeting with Russia's foreign minister.

一些国家已经阻止俄罗斯的富商领袖（也被称为寡头）以及银行进入国际金融市场。德国叫停了来自俄罗斯的北溪2号天然气管道。美国向俄罗斯附近的北约盟国派遣了更多军队。美国最高外交官取消了与俄罗斯外长的会晤。

The threat of war has already severely⁸ damaged Ukraine's economy. There are also reports of death and destruction in eastern Ukraine while energy shortages are being felt in Europe.

战争威胁已经严重损害了乌克兰经济。在乌克兰东部也有死亡和破坏的报道，而欧洲也感受到了能源短缺。

Leaders warned the situation could become more dangerous. Russia has 150,000 troops positioned on three sides of Ukraine. U.S. President Joe Biden warned that more sanctions could be placed on Russia.

领导人警告称局面可能会变得更加危险。俄罗斯在乌克兰的三个方向部署了15万军队。美国总统拜登警告说，可能会对俄罗斯实施更多制裁。

Germany's Foreign Minister on Wednesday called the latest European Union sanctions "a first step." She said additional measures could follow. However, the United States and its European allies have said they do not want to oppose Russia with military force.

德国外长周三称欧盟的最新制裁是第一步。她说后续可能会采取其它措施。然而，美国及其欧洲盟友表示，他们无意以武力对抗俄罗斯。

Russian ambassador in the U.S. Anatoly Antonov said that "sanctions cannot solve a thing" in a statement on Facebook. "It is hard to imagine that there is a person in Washington who expects Russia to revise its foreign policy under a threat of restrictions⁹."

俄罗斯驻美国大使阿纳托利·安东诺夫在脸书的一份声明中表示，“制裁无法解决问题。”“很难想象华盛顿会有人指望俄罗斯在制裁威胁下修改其外交政策。”

An eight-year conflict between Russian-backed separatists and Ukrainian forces in the country's east has killed nearly 14,000 people. Violence there is increasing. One Ukrainian soldier was killed and six more were injured after firing by the separatists, the Ukrainian military said. Separatist officials reported several explosions in territory they control and three civilian¹⁰ deaths.

俄罗斯支持的分离主义分子和乌克兰军队在该国东部发生了长达8年的冲突，造成1.4万人死亡。那里的暴力活动正在增加。乌克兰军方表示，在分离分子开火之后，有1名乌克兰士兵牺牲，另外还有6人受伤。分子主义官员报告称，他们控制的领土发生了几起爆炸，导致3名平民死亡。

After weeks of rising tensions, Putin took a series of steps this week that greatly intensified¹¹ the conflict. First, he recognized the independence of Ukraine's separatist areas of Donetsk and Luhansk. Then, he said that recognition extends even to the large parts of the territories now held by Ukrainian forces. Finally, he received permission from Russia's parliament to use military force outside the country.

经过数周的紧张局势升级，普京本周采取了一系列措施，大大加剧了冲突。首先，他承认乌克兰分离主义地区顿涅茨克和卢甘斯克的独立。然后，他说这种承认甚至延伸到乌克兰军队现在拥有的大部分领土。最后，他获得了俄罗斯议会的许可，可以在国外使用武力。

Putin has said there were only three ways out of the crisis. He called on Ukraine to recognize Russia's sovereignty over Crimea. Russia seized the Crimean Peninsula from Ukraine in 2014. He also called on Ukraine to give up its attempt to join the Western military alliance NATO and to reduce its military forces.

普京曾表示，摆脱危机只有三条路可走。他呼吁乌克兰承认俄罗斯对克里米亚的主权。2014年，俄罗斯从乌克兰手中夺取了克里米亚半岛。他还呼吁乌克兰放弃加入西方军事同盟北约的企图，并减少其军事力量。

The first two demands had been rejected by Ukraine and Western nations.

乌克兰和西方国家拒绝前两项要求。

1 intensify   

vt.加强；变强；加剧

参考例句：

• We must intensify our educational work among our own troops.我们必须加强自己部队的教育工作。
• They were ordered to intensify their patrols to protect our air space.他们奉命加强巡逻，保卫我国的领空。

2 withdrawn   

vt.收回；使退出；vi.撤退，退出

参考例句：

• Our force has been withdrawn from the danger area.我们的军队已从危险地区撤出。
• All foreign troops should be withdrawn to their own countries.一切外国军队都应撤回本国去。

3 diplomat   

n.外交官，外交家；能交际的人，圆滑的人

参考例句：

• The diplomat threw in a joke, and the tension was instantly relieved.那位外交官插进一个笑话，紧张的气氛顿时缓和下来。
• He served as a diplomat in Russia before the war.战前他在俄罗斯当外交官。

4 ministry   

n.(政府的)部；牧师

参考例句：

• They sent a deputation to the ministry to complain.他们派了一个代表团到部里投诉。
• We probed the Air Ministry statements.我们调查了空军部的记录。

5 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

6 withdrawal   

n.取回，提款；撤退，撤军；收回，撤销

参考例句：

• The police were forced to make a tactical withdrawal.警方被迫进行战术撤退。
• They insisted upon a withdrawal of the statement and a public apology.他们坚持要收回那些话并公开道歉。

7 pipeline   

n.管道，管线

参考例句：

• The pipeline supplies Jordan with 15 per cent of its crude oil.该管道供给约旦15%的原油。
• A single pipeline serves all the houses with water.一条单管路给所有的房子供水。

8 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

9 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

10 civilian   

adj.平民的，民用的，民众的

参考例句：

• There is no reliable information about civilian casualties.关于平民的伤亡还没有确凿的信息。
• He resigned his commission to take up a civilian job.他辞去军职而从事平民工作。

11 intensified   

v.（使）增强， （使）加剧( intensify的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• Violence intensified during the night. 在夜间暴力活动加剧了。
• The drought has intensified. 旱情加剧了。 来自《简明英汉词典》