VOA新闻杂志--联合国儿童基金会支持非洲儿童脊髓灰质炎疫苗接种运动

　　Officials in southern and eastern Africa are working to vaccinate¹ 9 million children against polio after a confirmed outbreak in Malawi.

　　The emergency campaign began in that country this week. Vaccines³ are being given by mouth to children everywhere in the country.

　　The United Nations children's agency, UNICEF, says the larger goal is to expand the vaccination⁴ campaign into neighboring Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia. UNICEF is working with the governments of those countries and other partners in the area.

　　Agency officials said there will be three more rounds of vaccinations⁵ in the coming months. The goal is to vaccinate more than 20 million children.

　　Mohamed Fall is UNICEF Regional Director for Eastern and Southern Africa. He said: "This is the first case of wild polio detected in Africa for more than five years and UNICEF is working closely with governments and partners to do everything possible to stop the virus in its tracks."

　　UNICEF, the World Health Organization, the Global Polio Eradication⁶ Initiative and other partners are supporting the vaccination campaign. It began after doctors confirmed in February that wild poliovirus had infected and paralyzed a three-year-old in Malawi's capital, Lilongwe.

　　Fall warned, "Polio spreads fast and can kill or cause permanent paralysis⁷."

　　People most commonly contract polio when they drink dirty water. The virus can be carried in human waste. Children under the age of five and those living in areas with poor sanitation⁸ are most at risk.

　　Fall considers the shared effort by neighboring countries as critical, noting, "There is no cure for polio, but the vaccine² protects children for life."

　　"We are working," he added, "to make sure parents, as well as community and religious leaders, know how important it is that every child receives their vaccine."

　　UNICEF has more than 36 million treatments of the polio vaccine for the first two rounds of immunizations in Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania and Zambia.

　　In Malawi, UNICEF is providing 270 new vaccine refrigerators and is repairing others. The agency is also supplying temperature measurement devices, vaccine carriers and cold storage containers. In partnership⁹ with the World Health Organization, UNICEF has trained 13,500 health workers and volunteers, 34 area health officers and 50 religious leaders.

　　In Mozambique, the children's agency is helping¹⁰ supply vaccines to local stores. It also assists in training programs about vaccine use for thousands of supervisors¹¹, health workers and media providers.

　　UNICEF is deploying¹² similar efforts in Tanzania and Zambia.

　　Words in This Story

　　paralyzed –adj. unable to move or feel all or part of the body

　　tracks –n. a sequence of events

　　sanitation –n. the process of keeping places free from dirt, infection and disease by removing waste, trash and garbage, by cleaning streets

　　vital –adj. extremely important

　　contagious¹³ –adj. able to be passed from one person or animal to another by touching¹⁴

　　refrigerator –n. a device or room that is used to keep things (such as food or medicines) cold

1 vaccinate   

vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘

参考例句：

• Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
• Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。

2 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

3 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

4 vaccination   

n.接种疫苗，种痘

参考例句：

• Vaccination is a preventive against smallpox.种痘是预防天花的方法。
• Doctors suggest getting a tetanus vaccination every ten years.医生建议每十年注射一次破伤风疫苗。

5 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

6 eradication   

n.根除

参考例句：

• The eradication of an established infestation is not easy. 根除昆虫蔓延是不容易的。
• This is often required for intelligent control and eradication. 这经常需要灵巧的控制与消除。

7 paralysis   

n.麻痹(症)；瘫痪(症)

参考例句：

• The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。
• The paralysis affects his right leg and he can only walk with difficulty.他右腿瘫痪步履维艰。

8 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

9 partnership   

n.合作关系，伙伴关系

参考例句：

• The company has gone into partnership with Swiss Bank Corporation.这家公司已经和瑞士银行公司建立合作关系。
• Martin has taken him into general partnership in his company.马丁已让他成为公司的普通合伙人。

10 helping   

n.食物的一份&adj.帮助人的，辅助的

参考例句：

• The poor children regularly pony up for a second helping of my hamburger. 那些可怜的孩子们总是要求我把我的汉堡包再给他们一份。
• By doing this, they may at times be helping to restore competition. 这样一来, 他在某些时候,有助于竞争的加强。

11 supervisors   

n.监督者，管理者( supervisor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• I think the best technical people make the best supervisors. 我认为最好的技术人员可以成为最好的管理人员。 来自辞典例句
• Even the foremen or first-level supervisors have a staffing responsibility. 甚至领班或第一线的监督人员也有任用的责任。 来自辞典例句

12 deploying   

（尤指军事行动）使展开( deploy的现在分词 )； 施展； 部署； 有效地利用

参考例句：

• Provides support for developing and deploying distributed, component-based applications. 为开发和部署基于组件的分布式应用程序提供支持。
• Advertisement, publishing, repair, and install-on-demand are all available when deploying your application. 在部署应用程序时提供公布、发布、修复和即需即装功能。

13 contagious   

adj.传染性的，有感染力的

参考例句：

• It's a highly contagious infection.这种病极易传染。
• He's got a contagious laugh.他的笑富有感染力。

14 touching   

adj.动人的，使人感伤的

参考例句：

• It was a touching sight.这是一幅动人的景象。
• His letter was touching.他的信很感人。