VOA健康报道2023 盖茨基金会支持加速非洲mRNA疫苗创新与生产

盖茨基金会支持加速非洲mRNA疫苗创新与生产

The Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation announced last week that it will invest $40 million in African drug makers¹.

比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会上周宣布，其将向非洲制药商投资4000万美元。

The money will help produce new messenger RNA vaccines³ in Africa.

这笔资金将帮助在非洲生产新的信使RNA疫苗。

The continent's people were the last to receive vaccinations⁴ against COVID-19 during the pandemic.

在疫情期间，非洲人民是最后一批接种新冠疫苗的人。

The foundation said that its investment marks an important step forward in improving vaccine² equity⁵.

该基金会表示，其投资标志着在提高疫苗公平性方面向前迈出了重要的一步。

It said making vaccines and getting them approved for use could take at least three more years.

该基金会表示，制造疫苗、批准使用疫苗可能至少还需要三年时间。

"Whether it's for local diseases in Africa like Rift⁶ Valley (fever) or for global diseases like TB (tuberculosis), mRNA looks like a very promising⁷ approach," Bill Gates told the Associated Press.

比尔·盖茨告诉美联社：“无论是裂谷热等非洲当地疾病，还是结核病等全球疾病，信使RNA看起来都是一种非常有前途的方法。”

The Microsoft founder⁸ added, during a visit to the Institut Pasteur in Dakar, Senegal, "And so it allows us to bring in lots of African capabilities⁹ to work on these vaccines, and then this can be scaled up."

这位微软创始人在访问塞内加尔达喀尔的巴斯德研究所时补充道，“因此，这使我们能够引入大量非洲力量来研究这些疫苗，然后可以扩大规模。”

The announcement came as the foundation opened its yearly three-day Grand Challenges event.

该声明是在该基金会开始为期三天的年度大挑战活动时宣布的。

The gathering¹⁰ brought together scientists and public health researchers from around the world.

这次活动汇集了来自世界各地的科学家和公共卫生研究人员。

Institut Pasteur, along with South Africa-based company Biovac, will be using an mRNA research and manufacturing process developed by Quantoom Biosciences in Belgium.

巴斯德研究所和总部位于南非的Biovac公司将使用由比利时Quantoom Biosciences公司开发的信使RNA研究和制造工艺。

The foundation is giving five million dollars to each vaccine manufacturer.

该基金会将向每家疫苗制造商提供500万美元。

It will award another $10 million to other companies not yet identified.

它还将向其他尚未确认身份的公司奖励1000万美元。

The remaining $20 million is going to Quantoom "to further advance the technology and lower costs."

剩下的2000万美元将提供给Quantoom公司，令其“进一步推动技术进步，降低成本”。

Pfizer and its partner BioNTech along with Moderna used the mRNA technology to develop COVID-19 vaccines in record time.

辉瑞公司及其合作伙伴德国生物新技术公司和莫德纳公司利用这种信使RNA技术以创纪录的时间开发出新冠肺疫苗。

The medicine supplies genetic¹¹ direction to human cells leading to antibody production to fight COVID-19.

这种药物为人类细胞提供遗传方向，从而使其产生对抗新冠肺炎的抗体。

Those COVID-19 mRNA vaccines were quickly pushed through approval processes and received emergency use permission during the pandemic.

这些信使RNA新冠疫苗很快就通过了审批程序，并在疫情期间获得了紧急使用许可。

The new vaccines under development in Africa will take longer anywhere from three to seven years.

非洲正在研发的新疫苗将需要更长的时间，从3年到7年不等。

Dr. Amadou Sall is chief executive officer at Institut Pasteur.

阿马杜·萨尔博士是巴斯德研究所的首席执行官。

He said the deal will help build vaccine self-reliance in Africa.

他说，这项协议将有助于非洲在生产疫苗方面自力更生。

The organization has been producing yellow fever shots since the 1930s.

该组织自20世纪30年代以来一直在生产黄热病疫苗。

It now hopes mRNA technology can be used to produce vaccines for other diseases in Africa including Lassa fever, Rift Valley fever, and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever.

该组织现在希望，信使RNA技术可以用于生产非洲其他疾病的疫苗，包括拉沙热、裂谷热和克里米亚-刚果出血热。

"What we want is next time there is a pandemic — we hope it won't happen soon — Africa would be able to make its own vaccine, to contribute to the development, and make sure that we protect the population," Sall said.

萨尔说：“我们希望在下次疫情发生时——我们希望它不会很快发生——非洲将能够制造自己的疫苗，为研发疫苗做出贡献，并确保我们保护人口。”

"What happened with COVID should never happen again in the sense that Africans should get vaccinated¹³ as a matter of equity."

“从非洲人应该公平接种疫苗的意义上来说，新冠疫情期间发生的情况不应该再次发生。”

Jose Castillo is the leader of Quantoom Biosciences.

何塞·卡斯蒂略是Quantoom Biosciences公司的负责人。

He said the mRNA technologies permit low- and middle-income countries "to become autonomous¹⁴ in terms of research and development."

他说，信使RNA技术允许低收入和中等收入国家“在研究和研发方面实现自主”。

With $8.3 billion to give away in 2023, the Gates Foundation is the world's largest private philanthropic donor¹⁵.

盖茨基金会将会在2023年捐赠83亿美元，是世界上最大的私人慈善机构。

The organization has spent billions of dollars to vaccinate¹² against polio, treat and prevent malaria¹⁶ and HIV and, more recently, to develop vaccines for diseases like cholera¹⁷.

该机构已经在脊髓灰质炎疫苗、治疗和预防疟疾和艾滋病毒，以及最近研发的霍乱等疾病疫苗上花费了数十亿美元。

1 makers   

n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式）

参考例句：

• The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
• The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

3 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

4 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

5 equity   

n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票

参考例句：

• They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。
• To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值，墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。

6 rift   

n.裂口，隙缝，切口；v.裂开，割开，渗入

参考例句：

• He was anxious to mend the rift between the two men.他急于弥合这两个人之间的裂痕。
• The sun appeared through a rift in the clouds.太阳从云层间隙中冒出来。

7 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

8 Founder   

n.创始者，缔造者

参考例句：

• He was extolled as the founder of their Florentine school.他被称颂为佛罗伦萨画派的鼻祖。
• According to the old tradition,Romulus was the founder of Rome.按照古老的传说，罗穆卢斯是古罗马的建国者。

9 capabilities   

n.能力( capability的名词复数 )；可能；容量；[复数]潜在能力

参考例句：

• He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大，自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
• Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为，标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

10 gathering   

n.集会，聚会，聚集

参考例句：

• He called on Mr. White to speak at the gathering.他请怀特先生在集会上讲话。
• He is on the wing gathering material for his novels.他正忙于为他的小说收集资料。

11 genetic   

adj.遗传的，遗传学的

参考例句：

• It's very difficult to treat genetic diseases.遗传性疾病治疗起来很困难。
• Each daughter cell can receive a full complement of the genetic information.每个子细胞可以收到遗传信息的一个完全补偿物。

12 vaccinate   

vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘

参考例句：

• Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
• Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。

13 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

14 autonomous   

adj.自治的；独立的

参考例句：

• They proudly declared themselves part of a new autonomous province.他们自豪地宣布成为新自治省的一部分。
• This is a matter that comes within the jurisdiction of the autonomous region.这件事是属于自治区权限以内的事务。

15 donor   

n.捐献者；赠送人；(组织、器官等的)供体

参考例句：

• In these cases,the recipient usually takes care of the donor afterwards.在这类情况下，接受捐献者以后通常会照顾捐赠者。
• The Doctor transplanted the donor's heart to Mike's chest cavity.医生将捐赠者的心脏移植进麦克的胸腔。

16 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

17 cholera   

n.霍乱

参考例句：

• The cholera outbreak has been contained.霍乱的发生已被控制住了。
• Cholera spread like wildfire through the camps.霍乱在营地里迅速传播。