VOA健康报道2023 美国人预期寿命回升

美国人预期寿命回升

Life expectancy¹ in the United States rose by about one year in 2022 following earlier decreases linked to the COVID-19 pandemic.

美国人的预期寿命在此前因新冠疫情而下降后于2022年增加了约一岁。

Life expectancy predicts the average number of years a baby born in a given year can expect to live.

预期寿命是指在给定年份出生的婴儿的平均预期寿命。

Federal data showed that in 2022, U.S. life expectancy rose from 76.4 years to 77.5 years.

联邦数据显示，2022年，美国人的预期寿命从76.4岁上升到77.5岁。

Researchers from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said 2022's increase came largely because of disappearing COVID-19 cases.

美国疾病控制与预防中心的研究人员表示，2022年预期寿命增加主要是因为新冠肺炎病例的消失。

For many years, life expectancy for Americans generally rose a little bit nearly every year.

多年来，美国人的预期寿命几乎每年都会略有增加。

But about 10 years ago, the rate flattened² and even decreased in some years.

但大约10年前，这一比率趋于平缓，甚至在某些年份有所下降。

Those drops were blamed on drug overdose deaths and suicides.

预期寿命下降的原因包括药物过量致死和自杀。

The number of U.S. suicides reached an all-time high last year, a separate CDC report found.

美国疾病控制与预防中心的另一份报告发现，去年美国自杀人数创下历史新高。

The national suicide rate also saw its highest level since 1941.

全国自杀率也达到了1941年以来的最高水平。

U.S. drug overdose deaths rose slightly in 2022 after much larger increases during the COVID-19 pandemic.

美国药物过量死亡人数在新冠疫情期间大幅增加后于2022年略有上升。

During the pandemic, U.S. life expectancy dropped from 78 years and 10 months in 2019 to 77 years in 2020.

在疫情期间，美国人的预期寿命从2019年的78岁零10个月下降到2020年的77岁。

Then, in 2021, the rate dropped further, to 76 years and 5 months.

然后，在2021年，这一比率进一步下降，降至76岁零5个月。

Elizabeth Arias³ is a researcher for the CDC who worked on the latest report.

伊丽莎白·阿里亚斯是美国疾病控制与预防中心的研究员，她参与撰写了这份最新报告。

She told The Associated Press the U.S. life expectancy rate was clearly hurt by COVID-19 and will take "some time before we're back to where we were in 2019."

她告诉美联社，美国人的预期寿命显然受到了新冠疫情的影响，还需要“一段时间才能恢复到2019年的水平”。

But Arias noted⁴ there were several favorable developments.

但阿里亚斯指出，有几个有利的发展。

For example, "all the groups by race and sex experienced increases in life expectancy," she said.

她说，例如，“所有按种族和性别划分的人群的预期寿命都有所增加”。

Steven Woolf, a life expectancy researcher at Virginia Commonwealth⁵ University, said he expects the U.S. to one day get back to pre-pandemic levels.

弗吉尼亚联邦大学的预期寿命研究员史蒂文·伍尔夫说，他预计美国有一天会恢复到疫情前的水平。

But he added, "That is not a great place to be."

但他补充说，“那不是一个好地方。”

Life expectancy in 2022 increased the most for American Indian and Alaska Native non-Hispanic newborns.

2022年，美国印第安人和阿拉斯加原住民非西班牙裔新生儿的预期寿命增幅最大。

The rate went from 65.6 to 67.9, followed by an increase of 2.2 years for Hispanic newborns, from 77.8 to 80.

该比率从65.6上升到67.9，其次是西班牙裔新生儿的预期寿命从77.8岁上升到80岁，增长了2.2岁。

The life expectancy for Black non-Hispanic Americans increased by 1.6 years, from 71.2 to 72.8.

非西班牙裔美国黑人的预期寿命增加了1.6岁，从71.2岁增加到72.8岁。

Researchers noted that people in that group were more severely⁶ affected⁷ by the COVID-19 pandemic.

研究人员指出，这一群体受新冠疫情的影响更严重。

Life expectancy increased by 1 year for Asian non-Hispanic babies to 84.5 years, and by 0.8 years for White non-Hispanic babies, to 77.5.

亚洲非西班牙裔婴儿的预期寿命增加了1年，达到84.5岁，白人非西班牙裔婴儿的预期寿命增加了0.8岁，达到77.5岁。

Life expectancy in the U.S. remains⁸ longer for females.

在美国，女性的预期寿命仍然较长。

In 2020, the difference between the two sexes reached 6 years, a level not seen since 1996.

2020年，男女预期寿命差达到6岁，这是自1996年以来的最高水平。

In 2022, the difference narrowed to 5.4 years, down from 5.8 years in 2021.

2022年，男女预期寿命差缩小至5.4岁，低于2021年的5.8岁。

Life expectancy in the U.S. continues to be lower than that of numerous other countries.

美国人的预期寿命仍然低于其他许多国家。

And the latest report shows that the U.S. did not rebound⁹ as quickly after the pandemic as some other countries, including France, Italy, Spain and Sweden.

最新报告显示，美国在疫情爆发后没有像法国、意大利、西班牙和瑞典等其他一些国家那样迅速反弹。

1 expectancy   

n.期望，预期，（根据概率统计求得）预期数额

参考例句：

• Japanese people have a very high life expectancy.日本人的平均寿命非常长。
• The atomosphere of tense expectancy sobered everyone.这种期望的紧张气氛使每个人变得严肃起来。

2 flattened   

[医]（水）平扁的，弄平的

参考例句：

• She flattened her nose and lips against the window. 她把鼻子和嘴唇紧贴着窗户。
• I flattened myself against the wall to let them pass. 我身体紧靠着墙让他们通过。

3 arias   

n.咏叹调( aria的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Can you pick out the operatic arias quoted in this orchestral passage? 你能听出这段管弦乐曲里有歌剧式的咏叹调吗？ 来自辞典例句
• The actions are large and colour, there are arias and recitatives. 动作夸张而华美，有唱段也有宣叙部。 来自辞典例句

4 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

5 commonwealth   

n.共和国，联邦，共同体

参考例句：

• He is the chairman of the commonwealth of artists.他是艺术家协会的主席。
• Most of the members of the Commonwealth are nonwhite.英联邦的许多成员国不是白人国家。

6 severely   

adv.严格地；严厉地；非常恶劣地

参考例句：

• He was severely criticized and removed from his post.他受到了严厉的批评并且被撤了职。
• He is severely put down for his careless work.他因工作上的粗心大意而受到了严厉的批评。

7 affected   

adj.不自然的，假装的

参考例句：

• She showed an affected interest in our subject.她假装对我们的课题感到兴趣。
• His manners are affected.他的态度不自然。

8 remains   

n.剩余物，残留物；遗体，遗迹

参考例句：

• He ate the remains of food hungrily.他狼吞虎咽地吃剩余的食物。
• The remains of the meal were fed to the dog.残羹剩饭喂狗了。

9 rebound   

v.弹回；n.弹回，跳回

参考例句：

• The vibrations accompanying the rebound are the earth quake.伴随这种回弹的振动就是地震。
• Our evil example will rebound upon ourselves.我们的坏榜样会回到我们自己头上的。