霍乱在塞内加尔等国家爆发

 

Cholera¹ Outbreak Hits Senegal, Other Countries

霍乱在塞内加尔等国家爆发

 

Doctors say religious pilgrims who flocked to the Senegalese town of Touba have helped spread a cholera epidemic² through the Muslim holy city. The World Health Organization (WHO) has warned that the outbreak could extend to other regions as people make their way back home. 

 

A cholera outbreak was aggravated³ by hundreds of thousands of Muslim pilgrims who made their way to Senegal's second city, Touba, last week. Although the Magal de Touba pilgrimage is over, more than 1500 new cases have been reported. The death toll⁴ has reached more than 15 people.

 

For many West African Muslims, the Magal de Touba is one of the most important spiritual journeys, commemorating⁵ the exile of religious and political leader Cheik Ahmadou Bamba.  Although cholera was reported in the city before the pilgrimage started it, warnings did not deter⁶ people from going.

 

Senegalese Health Minister Issa Mbaye Samb says that stocks of cholera medicine in other regions of Senegal are being made available as pilgrims return home and fall ill.

 

Mr. Mbaye Samb says that health workers are continuing to warn returning pilgrims in different regions about the symptoms of cholera, because often people only go to the hospital when it is too late. Cholera causes acute diarrhea and vomiting⁸ and leads to rapid dehydration⁹, which can be fatal unless treated rapidly.

 

Imam Omar Deme says that during the pilgrimage Muslim religious leaders did their best to warn people about the dangers of the water-borne disease.

 

Mr. Deme says it was impossible to prevent the disease from spreading, when people were praying five times a day in close proximity¹⁰.

 

Although the government made available plastic tanks of disinfected water for people to wash with before eating, no special toilet facilities were provided. The cholera bacteria is spread through contact with feces and Touba's poor sanitation¹¹ infrastructure¹² has contributed to the problem.

 

Cholera outbreaks have occurred in central Nigeria with local reports of 13 dead and in a displaced persons camp in the northeastern Ituri region of the Democratic Republic of Congo.

 

In Ituri, an epidemic was officially declared by the Congolese health authorities, and the aid group Doctors Without Borders opened a cholera center in three camps in the area. The United Nations has confirmed the death toll there has reached 20 people.

 

Gabi Menezes, for VOA news, Abidjan.

 

注释：

pilgrim [5pil^rim] n. 朝圣

commemorate¹³ [kE5memEreit] vt. 纪念

diarrhea [7daiE5riE] n. 痢疾

vomit⁷ [5vRmit] vt. 呕吐

dehydration [7di:hai5dreiFEn] n. 脱水

proximity [prCk5simiti] n. 接近

1 cholera   

n.霍乱

参考例句：

• The cholera outbreak has been contained.霍乱的发生已被控制住了。
• Cholera spread like wildfire through the camps.霍乱在营地里迅速传播。

2 epidemic   

n.流行病；盛行；adj.流行性的，流传极广的

参考例句：

• That kind of epidemic disease has long been stamped out.那种传染病早已绝迹。
• The authorities tried to localise the epidemic.当局试图把流行病限制在局部范围。

3 aggravated   

使恶化( aggravate的过去式和过去分词 )； 使更严重； 激怒； 使恼火

参考例句：

• If he aggravated me any more I shall hit him. 假如他再激怒我，我就要揍他。
• Far from relieving my cough, the medicine aggravated it. 这药非但不镇咳，反而使我咳嗽得更厉害。

4 toll   

n.过路(桥)费；损失，伤亡人数；v.敲(钟)

参考例句：

• The hailstone took a heavy toll of the crops in our village last night.昨晚那场冰雹损坏了我们村的庄稼。
• The war took a heavy toll of human life.这次战争夺去了许多人的生命。

5 commemorating   

v.纪念，庆祝( commemorate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• He was presented with a scroll commemorating his achievements. 他被授予一幅卷轴，以表彰其所做出的成就。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• The post office issued a series commemorating famous American entertainers. 邮局发行了一个纪念美国著名演艺人员的系列邮票。 来自互联网

6 deter   

vt.阻止，使不敢，吓住

参考例句：

• Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。
• Dogs can deter unwelcome intruders.狗能够阻拦不受欢迎的闯入者。

7 vomit   

v.呕吐，作呕；n.呕吐物，吐出物

参考例句：

• They gave her salty water to make her vomit.他们给她喝盐水好让她吐出来。
• She was stricken by pain and began to vomit.她感到一阵疼痛，开始呕吐起来。

8 vomiting   

吐

参考例句：

• Symptoms include diarrhoea and vomiting. 症状有腹泻和呕吐。
• Especially when I feel seasick, I can't stand watching someone else vomiting." 尤其晕船的时候，看不得人家呕。”

9 dehydration   

n.脱水，干燥

参考例句：

• He died from severe dehydration.他死于严重脱水。
• The eyes are often retracted from dehydration.眼睛常因脱水而凹陷。

10 proximity   

n.接近，邻近

参考例句：

• Marriages in proximity of blood are forbidden by the law.法律规定禁止近亲结婚。
• Their house is in close proximity to ours.他们的房子很接近我们的。

11 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

12 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

13 commemorate   

vt.纪念，庆祝

参考例句：

• This building was built to commemorate the Fire of London.这栋大楼是为纪念“伦敦大火”而兴建的。
• We commemorate the founding of our nation with a public holiday.我们放假一日以庆祝国庆。