全球配额结束之后印度纺织品出口大幅拉长

India's Textile Exports Surge after Global Quotas¹ End

全球配额结束之后印度纺织品出口大幅拉长

 

India's textile exports to Western countries have surged following the abolition² of global quotas earlier this year.

 

In the southern city of Bangalore, sewing machines hum as workers stitch cotton trousers at 43 garment factories owned by one of India's apparel suppliers, Gokaldas Exports.

 

Four of these 43 units came on line just in recent weeks, to fill extra orders flowing in from Western manufacturers.

 

A company official, Vivek Hinduja, says they have ventured into new clothing lines as their largest customer, the U.S. clothing chain The Gap, increased its purchases from India.

 

Vivek Hinduja: We were constrained³ [because of the quotas] with several categories which we could not export from India, like trousers and shirts and so on. Now we are totally free. We are doing a million and above on the bottoms [trousers] and so on which we could never do before.

 

Like Gokaldas, scores of garment and home textile exporters are investing in new factories or upgrading existing ones to take advantage of opportunities offered by the quota-free regime.

 

The old quotas limited the amount of textiles any country could export to another. That meant importers from such markets as the United States and Europe had to buy from many countries, including small ones such as Bangladesh and Mauritius. The quotas were ended at the start of this year, and now the small countries find it hard to compete with China and India, which produce their own cotton or wool and have established textile industries.

 

The trend is already apparent. India's textile and garment exports to Europe between January and May rose by 11 percent compared with the same period last year, and to the United States by more than 20 percent.

 

However, India has only a four percent share in the global textile and garment market -- far behind China.

 

M.P. Gajaria, an adviser⁴ to India's Cotton Textile Export Promotion⁵ Council, says that share is set to grow substantially.

 

M.P. Gajaria: The capacity expansion has not taken place to the extent required. Almost every progressive garment and textile unit are in the expansion mode, and by 2006 I am sure you will get a very good jump, maybe over 20 percent in both these items [textiles and garments].

 

Indian exporters say some Western retailers⁷ have begun increasing purchases from India partially⁸ to offset⁹ any future appreciation¹⁰ of the Chinese yuan, which Beijing allowed to rise by two percent recently.

 

But exporters such as Mr. Hinduja warn that the Indian industry must introduce economies of scale and better technology to remain competitive.

 

Mr. Hinduja: At the moment, we are bringing in systems to get higher productivity. If we have higher productivity with a little bit extra automation, that would improve the bottom lines [the profits].

 

Officials estimate that India's exports will rise nearly four times, to $50 billion by 2010, up from $13.5 billion last year.

 

Anjana Pasricha for VOA news, New Delhi.

 

注释：

abolition [AbE5liFEn] n. 废除

sewing [5sEuiN] n. 裁缝，缝纫

hum [hQm] v. 嗡嗡叫

stitch [stitF] v. 缝，织

garment [5^B:mEnt] n. 衣服；外衣

apparel [E5pAr(E)l] n. 服装

Bangladesh [7bB:N^lE5deF] n. 孟加拉国

Mauritius [mE5riFEs] n. 毛里求斯（非洲岛国）

retailer⁶ [ri:5teilE] n. 零售商人

automation [C:tE5meiFEn] n. 自动控制，自动操作

1 quotas   

（正式限定的）定量( quota的名词复数 )； 定额； 指标； 摊派

参考例句：

• In fulfilling the production quotas, John made rings round all his fellow workers. 约翰完成生产定额大大超过他的同事们。
• Quotas of the means of production are allocated by the higher administrative bodies to the lower ones. 物资指标按隶属关系分配。

2 abolition   

n.废除，取消

参考例句：

• They declared for the abolition of slavery.他们声明赞成废除奴隶制度。
• The abolition of the monarchy was part of their price.废除君主制是他们的其中一部分条件。

3 constrained   

adj.束缚的,节制的

参考例句：

• The evidence was so compelling that he felt constrained to accept it. 证据是那样的令人折服，他觉得不得不接受。
• I feel constrained to write and ask for your forgiveness. 我不得不写信请你原谅。

4 adviser   

n.劝告者，顾问

参考例句：

• They employed me as an adviser.他们聘请我当顾问。
• Our department has engaged a foreign teacher as phonetic adviser.我们系已经聘请了一位外籍老师作为语音顾问。

5 promotion   

n.提升，晋级；促销，宣传

参考例句：

• The teacher conferred with the principal about Dick's promotion.教师与校长商谈了迪克的升级问题。
• The clerk was given a promotion and an increase in salary.那个职员升了级，加了薪。

6 retailer   

n.零售商(人)

参考例句：

• What are the retailer requirements?零售商会有哪些要求呢？
• The retailer has assembled a team in Shanghai to examine the question.这家零售商在上海组建了一支团队研究这个问题。

7 retailers   

零售商，零售店( retailer的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• High street retailers reported a marked increase in sales before Christmas. 商业街的零售商报告说圣诞节前销售量显著提高。
• Retailers have a statutory duty to provide goods suitable for their purpose. 零售商有为他们提供符合要求的货品的法定义务。

8 partially   

adv.部分地，从某些方面讲

参考例句：

• The door was partially concealed by the drapes.门有一部分被门帘遮住了。
• The police managed to restore calm and the curfew was partially lifted.警方设法恢复了平静，宵禁部分解除。

9 offset   

n.分支，补偿；v.抵消，补偿

参考例句：

• Their wage increases would be offset by higher prices.他们增加的工资会被物价上涨所抵消。
• He put up his prices to offset the increased cost of materials.他提高了售价以补偿材料成本的增加。

10 appreciation   

n.评价；欣赏；感谢；领会，理解；价格上涨

参考例句：

• I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。
• I'll be sending them a donation in appreciation of their help.我将送给他们一笔捐款以感谢他们的帮助。