VOA常速英语2014--Rebel Oil Shipment Prompts Political Chaos in Libya 利比亚叛军运输石油激起了利比亚政局混乱

 

Rebel Oil Shipment Prompts Political Chaos¹ in Libya 利比亚叛军运输石油激起了利比亚政局混乱

LONDON — Ali Zeidan was forced to stand down as Libya’s prime minister this week after rebel forces in the east successfully exported oil via a North Korean flagged tanker² - despite assurances from the government that naval³ forces were in control. Zeidan’s resignation plunges⁴ Libya back into political crisis, and there are growing fears of an escalation⁵ in conflict between rival rebel militias⁶.

伦敦-在东部的叛军成功的通过韩国的油轮输出石油后，阿里.扎伊丹这周被迫放弃利比亚总理职位—尽管政府信誓旦旦的保证海军已经控制了局面。扎伊丹的退位使利比亚又陷入了政治危机中。人们更加担心这会加剧和反政府军的冲突。

Rebel forces in the eastern port of Sidra had loaded an estimated 234,000 barrels of crude, worth around $24 million, onto the North Korean-flagged tanker Morning Glory. The vessel⁷ left the oil terminal Monday and managed to evade⁸ a naval blockade.

利比亚东部港口的叛军已经把大约价值两千四百万美元的234000桶原油装上了韩国的晨曦荣耀号油轮上。这艘油轮星期一离开了石油港口。并且成功的突破了海军的封锁。

It was a humiliation⁹ for Prime Minister Ali Zeidan, who had vowed¹⁰ to bomb the tanker if it left Libya. Parliament voted to oust¹¹ him Tuesday.

这对于阿里.扎伊丹总理来说是一种耻辱因为他曾经发誓如果这个油轮离开利比亚，他就要炸掉它。议会星期二通过选举解除了他的职务。

Leadership void

Zeidan did not retain the loyalty¹² of many members of the government or armed forces, according to Jason Pack, researcher of Libyan history at Cambridge University.

剑桥大学利比亚历史的研究者杰森、帕克称很多政府成员和军队成员对扎伊丹不够忠诚。

"Former Prime Minister Zeidan is actually not the commander-in-chief of the Libyan armed forces. That role would have been fulfilled by the General National Congress President, Nuri Abu Sahmein, who as an Islamist is an opponent of Ali Zeidan,” said Pack.

扎伊丹实际上没有掌控利比亚的军队。这个角色将由他的竞争对手，伊斯兰教徒，利比亚国民议会主席努里-阿巴尔完成。

Zeidan’s interim¹³ successor, former Defense¹⁴ Minister Abdallah Al-Thinni was sworn in Wednesday. On the streets of Tripoli, the prime minister’s resignation was largely welcomed.

Abdullah Maslaty, a resident in the capital, said that Ali Zeidan did nothing for the country. “He's been in power for a year and three months, and achieved nothing."

扎伊丹的接替者前国防部长阿卜杜拉?阿卜杜拉赫曼?阿勒萨尼星期三进行了宣誓。在的黎波里的大街上，人们欢欣鼓舞，庆祝扎伊丹的离任。

Rival rebebl militias

Tripoli-based political analyst¹⁵ Salah Elbakoush said Libya’s central government is failing to function. “Government institutions performed really bad. And you see thousands of employees, they are 80 percent overstaffed,” he said.

专门研究的黎波里的政治分析员萨拉说利比亚的中央政府已经不起作用了。政府机构工作效率很差，机构臃肿，有成千上万的雇员，已经超员80%了。

The Tripoli government has given rebels in the east a two-week ultimatum¹⁶ to stop blockading the oil terminals, or face a military assault. But the rebels have faced down such government threats many times before, says Cambridge analyst Jason Pack.

的黎波里政府给东部的叛军发了最后通牒，限定他们2个星期之内停止封锁石油港口，否则将对他们发动军事袭击。

"The situation is awful because sub-state actors have shown that they can undermine the resolve of the central government, and sell pirated oil on the international scene, which sets the stage for conflict between stronger sub-state actors and the weaker Libyan state,” said Pack.

利比亚形势很糟糕因为亚国行动者已经表明他们能逐渐破坏中央政府的决心并且把掠夺来的油在国际上出卖。这使他们和政府之间的冲突一直存在。

The eastern rebels, led by Ibrahim Jathran, want greater autonomy for their region, known as Cyrenaica. But they face rival rebel groups and Islamist factions¹⁷.

由伊布拉汗领导的东部叛军想要在他们的领地昔兰尼加有更多的自主权。但是他们要面临反叛组织和伊斯兰教派的竞争。

“Right now we’re seeing battles in Sirte between Jathran’s federalist forces, and Misratan and Islamist militias," said Pack. "So Jathran is likely to lose in any direct military confrontation¹⁸, he does not have the forces he promises himself to have. However, there is a danger for a kind of regional war that would polarize more the east and the west in Libya.”

帕克说现在我们在苏亚特看到贾思兰联邦军队和米苏拉塔和伊斯兰军队之间正在发生战争。贾思兰没有他所想拥有的武装力量，因此很可能在任何军事冲突中失败。然而，局部战争可能会发生，这些战争会使利比亚的东西部形成两级分化。

 

Nearly three years after the ouster of former dictator Moammar Gadhafi, there are growing fears the political vacuum could breed further conflict.

在卡扎菲下台后的三年内，人们都担心利比亚国内的权利真空会使这个国家冲突加剧。

1 chaos   

n.混乱，无秩序

参考例句：

• After the failure of electricity supply the city was in chaos.停电后，城市一片混乱。
• The typhoon left chaos behind it.台风后一片混乱。

2 tanker   

n.油轮

参考例句：

• The tanker took on 200,000 barrels of crude oil.油轮装载了二十万桶原油。
• Heavy seas had pounded the tanker into three parts.汹涌的巨浪把油轮撞成三载。

3 naval   

adj.海军的，军舰的，船的

参考例句：

• He took part in a great naval battle.他参加了一次大海战。
• The harbour is an important naval base.该港是一个重要的海军基地。

4 plunges   

n.跳进，投入vt.使投入，使插入，使陷入vi.投入，跳进，陷入v.颠簸( plunge的第三人称单数 )；暴跌；骤降；突降

参考例句：

• Even before he plunges into his program, he has his audience in his pocket. 他的节目甚至还没有出场，就已控制住了观众。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• 'Monseigneur, he precipitated himself over the hill-side, head first, as a person plunges into the river.' “大人，他头冲下跳下山坡去了，像往河里跳一样。” 来自英汉文学 - 双城记

5 escalation   

n.扩大，增加

参考例句：

• The threat of nuclear escalation remains. 核升级的威胁仍旧存在。 来自辞典例句
• Escalation is thus an aspect of deterrence and of crisis management. 因此逐步升级是威慑和危机处理的一个方面。 来自辞典例句

6 militias   

n.民兵组织，民兵( militia的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The troops will not attempt to disarm the warring militias. 部队并不打算解除战斗中的民兵武装。 来自辞典例句
• The neighborhood was a battleground for Shiite and Sunni militias. 那里曾是什叶派和逊尼派武装分子的战场。 来自互联网

7 vessel   

n.船舶；容器，器皿；管，导管，血管

参考例句：

• The vessel is fully loaded with cargo for Shanghai.这艘船满载货物驶往上海。
• You should put the water into a vessel.你应该把水装入容器中。

8 evade   

vt.逃避，回避；避开，躲避

参考例句：

• He tried to evade the embarrassing question.他企图回避这令人难堪的问题。
• You are in charge of the job.How could you evade the issue?你是负责人，你怎么能对这个问题不置可否？

9 humiliation   

n.羞辱

参考例句：

• He suffered the humiliation of being forced to ask for his cards.他蒙受了被迫要求辞职的羞辱。
• He will wish to revenge his humiliation in last Season's Final.他会为在上个季度的决赛中所受的耻辱而报复的。

10 vowed   

起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
• I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。

11 oust   

vt.剥夺，取代，驱逐

参考例句：

• The committee wanted to oust him from the union.委员会想把他从工会中驱逐出去。
• The leaders have been ousted from power by nationalists.这些领导人被民族主义者赶下了台。

12 loyalty   

n.忠诚，忠心

参考例句：

• She told him the truth from a sense of loyalty.她告诉他真相是出于忠诚。
• His loyalty to his friends was never in doubt.他对朋友的一片忠心从来没受到怀疑。

13 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。

14 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

15 analyst   

n.分析家，化验员；心理分析学家

参考例句：

• What can you contribute to the position of a market analyst?你有什么技能可有助于市场分析员的职务？
• The analyst is required to interpolate values between standards.分析人员需要在这些标准中插入一些值。

16 ultimatum   

n.最后通牒

参考例句：

• This time the proposal was couched as an ultimatum.这一次该提议是以最后通牒的形式提出来的。
• The cabinet met today to discuss how to respond to the ultimatum.内阁今天开会商量如何应对这道最后通牒。

17 factions   

组织中的小派别，派系( faction的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The gens also lives on in the "factions." 氏族此外还继续存在于“factions〔“帮”〕中。 来自英汉非文学 - 家庭、私有制和国家的起源
• rival factions within the administration 政府中的对立派别

18 confrontation   

n.对抗，对峙，冲突

参考例句：

• We can't risk another confrontation with the union.我们不能冒再次同工会对抗的危险。
• After years of confrontation,they finally have achieved a modus vivendi.在对抗很长时间后，他们最后达成安宁生存的非正式协议。