VOA常速英语2015--加州麻疹疫情接种疫苗闹纠纷

加州麻疹疫情接种疫苗闹纠纷

Sandy Roffman is not vaccinating¹ her daughter, Brooklyn, but not by choice.

桑迪·罗夫曼并没有让她的女儿布鲁克林接种疫苗,但这是身不由己之举。

“We were told that she was diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia,which requires two years of very, very heavy chemotherapy,which completely wipes out her immune system. All vaccinations² for Brooklyn had to be suspended.

“我们被告知她被诊断出患有急性淋巴细胞白血病,需要2年时间非常重度的化疗,这会让她的免疫系统完全丧失功能。因此布鲁克林不能接种所有疫苗。

“I feel incensed³ that there are people out there who are deliberately⁴ exposing their children to other illnesses.I have spent the last 2-1/2 years of my life with a chronically⁵ ill child.It's unfathomable to me that, A, anyone would deliberately put their child in harm and, B, would put the rest of the world at harm.”

“我感到愤怒,有些人故意让自己的孩子感染其他疾病的风险提高。我生命中最后的2年半或2时光已经用来照顾长期患病的孩子。我难以理解的是,一个人会故意让孩子暴露在危险当中,还有让世界其他国家处于危险当中。”

Roffman is referring to parents who choose not to vaccinate⁶ their children. Eric Handler, public health officer of Orange County, California, said a measles⁷ outbreak that originated in the Disneyland theme park has now spread. In Orange County alone,more than 30 people have contracted measles, and a third of them are children.

罗夫曼指的是那些选择不给自己孩子接种疫苗的父母。加州奥兰治县公共卫生官员艾瑞克·哈德勒表示起源于迪斯尼乐园主题公园的麻疹疫情已经扩散。仅在奥兰治县就有30多人被感染,其中三分之一是儿童。

“The children, the majority, were not vaccinated⁸.”

“那些被感染的绝大多数是没有接种疫苗的孩子们。”

Handler said some parents are afraid their children will get autism from vaccines¹⁰, something that's been disproven in the medical community. He points to the Internet as a source of much of the fears among parents.

哈德勒称有些家长担心他们的孩子接种疫苗后会发展成自闭症，而医学界已经推翻了这种谬论。他指出互联网成为为人父母们担忧的最大来源。

Parents like Dotty Hagmier who don't vaccinate their children say they are acting¹¹ in the children's best interests.

而像是不为孩子接种疫苗的父母多特·哈格米尔表示他们是为孩子的最佳利益考虑。

“There's also many risks if they get the vaccine⁹ ...versus¹² getting an illness they could actually recover from.”

“如果他们接种疫苗也还会有许多风险…而如果身染这种疾病他们实际上完全可以康复。

“They are making a decision not to vaccinate based on information that they get from the Internet and from their peers.And we see pockets of affluent¹³ areas choosing to not get vaccinated, but this is not unique to Orange County.”

“他们通过从互联网及同龄人处了解到的信息决定不给孩子接种。而我们了解到富裕地区选择不接种疫苗,但这样的情况在奥兰治县并不唯一。”

In California,students are required to be vaccinated when they enter school, but parents who don't vaccinate their children can get a waiver called a Personal Belief Exemption¹⁴.State records show that in child care facilities for 2-to 4-year-olds,there are more Personal Belief Exemptions¹⁵ in private schools than public schools.

在加州,学生们在入学时就被要求接种疫苗,但父母可以依照名为个人信仰免除的豁免权不为自己的孩子接种。各州官方记录显示2至4岁的儿童保健设施中,相比公立学校，私立学校的个人信仰豁免更多。

Sandy Roffman wanted to enroll¹⁶ her daughter in a school that specialized¹⁷ in art but didn't because of the number of unvaccinated children there.

桑迪·罗夫曼想参加她的女儿进入一所艺术专业学校,但却不是出于那里未接种疫苗的儿童数量考虑。

“We're talking about children of educated artists attending this school has an 11 percent Personal Belief Exemption.This is the school that we want to send our child to but we can't."

“我们谈论的是受过艺术教育的孩子进入这所学校有11%的个人信仰免除几率。我们想把孩子送去这所学校，但事与愿违。”

 

But there has been a slight decrease in the number of Personal Belief Exemptions issued in California schools.Handler attributed that to a state law enacted¹⁸ last year that requires parents to talk to a health care provider who has to sign off on the waiver.He stressed that it is in the best interest of the child and the community to vaccinate children.

但加州的学校个人信仰豁免数量有轻微减少。哈德勒将此归因于去年国家所颁布要求父母必须同卫生保健提供者谈论签署豁免权的法令。他强调这是为了孩子们及为他们注射疫苗的社区考虑。

1 vaccinating   

给…接种疫苗( vaccinate的现在分词 )； 注射疫苗，接种疫苗

参考例句：

• At first blush, vaccinating the wolves against rabies seems a simple solution. 乍一看来，为狼群注射防狂犬病疫苗是一种简单的办法。
• Also vaccinating children against misers (measles) has saved many lives. 还有，给儿童进行疫苗接种防止麻疹也挽救了许多生命。

2 vaccinations   

n.种痘，接种( vaccination的名词复数 )；牛痘疤

参考例句：

• Vaccinations ensure one against diseases. 接种疫苗可以预防疾病。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• I read some publicity about vaccinations while waiting my turn at the doctor's. 在医生那儿候诊时，我读了一些关于接种疫苗的宣传。 来自《简明英汉词典》

3 incensed   

盛怒的

参考例句：

• The decision incensed the workforce. 这个决定激怒了劳工大众。
• They were incensed at the decision. 他们被这个决定激怒了。

4 deliberately   

adv.审慎地；蓄意地；故意地

参考例句：

• The girl gave the show away deliberately.女孩故意泄露秘密。
• They deliberately shifted off the argument.他们故意回避这个论点。

5 chronically   

ad.长期地

参考例句：

• Similarly, any pigment nevus that is chronically irritated should be excised. 同样，凡是经常受慢性刺激的各种色素痣切勿予以切除。
• People chronically exposed to chlorine develop some degree of tolerance. 人长期接触氯气可以产生某种程度的耐受性。

6 vaccinate   

vt.给…接种疫苗；种牛痘

参考例句：

• Local health officials then can plan the best times to vaccinate people.这样，当地的卫生官员就可以安排最佳时间给人们接种疫苗。
• Doctors vaccinate us so that we do not catch smallpox.医生给我们打预防针使我们不会得天花。

7 measles   

n.麻疹，风疹，包虫病，痧子

参考例句：

• The doctor is quite definite about Tom having measles.医生十分肯定汤姆得了麻疹。
• The doctor told her to watch out for symptoms of measles.医生叫她注意麻疹出现的症状。

8 vaccinated   

[医]已接种的，种痘的，接种过疫菌的

参考例句：

• I was vaccinated against tetanus. 我接种了破伤风疫苗。
• Were you vaccinated against smallpox as a child? 你小时候打过天花疫苗吗？

9 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

10 vaccines   

疫苗，痘苗( vaccine的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His team are at the forefront of scientific research into vaccines. 他的小组处于疫苗科研的最前沿。
• The vaccines were kept cool in refrigerators. 疫苗放在冰箱中冷藏。

11 acting   

n.演戏，行为，假装；adj.代理的，临时的，演出用的

参考例句：

• Ignore her,she's just acting.别理她，她只是假装的。
• During the seventies,her acting career was in eclipse.在七十年代，她的表演生涯黯然失色。

12 versus   

prep.以…为对手，对；与…相比之下

参考例句：

• The big match tonight is England versus Spain.今晚的大赛是英格兰对西班牙。
• The most exciting game was Harvard versus Yale.最富紧张刺激的球赛是哈佛队对耶鲁队。

13 affluent   

adj.富裕的，富有的，丰富的，富饶的

参考例句：

• He hails from an affluent background.他出身于一个富有的家庭。
• His parents were very affluent.他的父母很富裕。

14 exemption   

n.豁免，免税额，免除

参考例句：

• You may be able to apply for exemption from local taxes.你可能符合资格申请免除地方税。
• These goods are subject to exemption from tax.这些货物可以免税。

15 exemptions   

n.（义务等的）免除( exemption的名词复数 )；免（税）；（收入中的）免税额

参考例句：

• The exemptions for interpretive rules, policy statements, and procedural rules have just been discussed. 有关解释性规则、政策说明和程序规则的免责我们刚刚讨论过。 来自英汉非文学 - 行政法
• A: The regulation outlines specific exemptions for some WPM. 答：该规定概述了某些木质包装材料的特定的例外情形。 来自互联网

16 enroll   

v.招收；登记；入学；参军；成为会员（英)enrol

参考例句：

• I should like to enroll all my children in the swimming class.我愿意让我的孩子们都参加游泳班。
• They enroll him as a member of the club.他们吸收他为俱乐部会员。

17 specialized   

adj.专门的，专业化的

参考例句：

• There are many specialized agencies in the United Nations.联合国有许多专门机构。
• These tools are very specialized.这些是专用工具。

18 enacted   

制定（法律），通过（法案）( enact的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• legislation enacted by parliament 由议会通过的法律
• Outside in the little lobby another scene was begin enacted. 外面的小休息室里又是另一番景象。 来自英汉文学 - 嘉莉妹妹