VOA常速英语2017--美国称俄罗斯散布虚假信息

Disinformation is as old as the human race, and has been used as a weapon since time immemorial. With the advent¹ of the digital age came the capability² to rapidly disseminate³ information—and disinformation--across the globe.

虚假信息与人类相生相伴，在很久以前就被用作武器。随着信息时代的到来，信息就具备了快速传播的能力——没错，是在全球范围内。

Today we are encountering a global explosion of disinformation, propaganda and lies fed by multiple authoritarian⁴ regimes and non-state actors like ISIS, said John Lansing, Chief Executive Officer and Director of the Broadcasting Board of Governors, or BBG, a United States government agency that is tasked with countering disinformation by setting the record straight through accurate, factual journalism⁵.

如今，我们面临着全球范围内虚假信息、宣传、谎言的爆炸，这些的幕后主使是多个独裁政权和非国家行为体，比如IS，广播理事会CEO兼主管约翰 兰辛如是说道。广播理事会是是美国的一个政府机构，其使命是通过精确、真实的新闻报道来打下事实基础以对抗虚假信息的传播。

Speaking before the Helsinki Commission, Mr. Lansing noted⁶ that Russia is one of the worst offenders⁷.

在面向赫尔辛基委员会发表讲话时，兰辛强调，俄罗斯是最严重的虚假信息传播者。

In Russia, the Kremlin propaganda machine is breathing new life into a strategy of dezinformatsiya, or disinformation, operations to influence opinions about the United States and its allies and partners. Essentially⁸, it's the weaponization of information.

俄罗斯政府的宣传机器正在为其虚假信息策略的运营注入新的血液，以影响美国及其盟友和合作伙伴的观点。其核心就是将信息武器化。

Russian disinformation campaigns do not attempt to sway listeners to the Russian point of view, as they had during the Cold War. Instead, the Russian strategy is to destroy the very idea of an objective, verifiable set of facts. In their world the death of facts is the first step towards creating the alternative reality that helps them gain and keep authority with no accountability. If everything is a lie, then the biggest liar⁹ wins, said Mr. Lansing.

俄罗斯虚假信息传播活动的目的并不是像冷战时期一样动摇听者听从俄罗斯的观点。相反，俄罗斯的策略是破坏客观的、可验证的事实。在俄罗斯的观念里，事实的消亡是创建虚假事实的第一步，这样便可以帮助他们谋取并维系毫无问责制的权威。如果一切都是谎言，那么最大的说谎者就是赢家，兰辛如是说道。

The best way to counter disinformation is to exposes the lies, and to deliver uncensored, trustworthy information to audiences across the globe. For that reason, the BBG operates five networks: the Voice of America, Radio and TV Marti, Radio Free Asia, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty, and the Middle East Broadcasting Networks, including Alhurra TV and Radio Sawa. They disseminate information across all platforms, from traditional radio and television to digital, mobile and social networks.

打击虚假信息的最好途径就是曝光谎言，传递原始的、可信任的信息给全球的接受者。出于这个原因，广播理事会运营着5个网络：美国之声(VOA)、马蒂电台和电视台、自由亚洲电台、自由欧洲电台、中东广播电台，包括自由电视台和萨瓦电台。他们通过所有平台来传播信息，从传统的广播电视到数字移动网络和社交网络，不一而足。

The BBG's mission is to inform, engage, and connect people around the world in support of freedom and democracy, said Director Lansing. Collectively, our programs reach 278 million people on a weekly basis in more than 100 countries and 61 languages. The BBG provides consistently accurate and compelling journalism that opens minds and stimulates¹⁰ debate. We demonstrate values that reflect our society: freedom, openness, democracy and hope.

广播理事会的使命就是联结全球人民，让他们知道并参与到支持自由和民主的工作中，兰辛如是说道。我们的项目每周共计抵达100多个国家，涵盖61中语言和2.78亿人口。广播理事会持续为社会焦点提供准确报道，开拓视野，引发讨论。我们证明的价值观可以反映我们的社会，这价值观即是：开放、民主和希望。

1 advent   

n.(重要事件等的)到来，来临

参考例句：

• Swallows come by groups at the advent of spring. 春天来临时燕子成群飞来。
• The advent of the Euro will redefine Europe.欧元的出现将重新定义欧洲。

2 capability   

n.能力；才能；(pl)可发展的能力或特性等

参考例句：

• She has the capability to become a very fine actress.她有潜力成为杰出演员。
• Organizing a whole department is beyond his capability.组织整个部门是他能力以外的事。

3 disseminate   

v.散布；传播

参考例句：

• We should disseminate science and promote the scientific spirit.普及科学知识，弘扬科学精神。
• We sincerely welcome all countries to disseminate their languages in China.我们真诚地欢迎世界各国来华推广本国语言。

4 authoritarian   

n./adj.专制(的)，专制主义者，独裁主义者

参考例句：

• Foreign diplomats suspect him of authoritarian tendencies.各国外交官怀疑他有着独裁主义倾向。
• The authoritarian policy wasn't proved to be a success.独裁主义的政策证明并不成功。

5 journalism   

n.新闻工作，报业

参考例句：

• He's a teacher but he does some journalism on the side.他是教师，可还兼职做一些新闻工作。
• He had an aptitude for journalism.他有从事新闻工作的才能。

6 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

7 offenders   

n.冒犯者( offender的名词复数 )；犯规者；罪犯；妨害…的人（或事物）

参考例句：

• Long prison sentences can be a very effective deterrent for offenders. 判处长期徒刑可对违法者起到强有力的威慑作用。
• Purposeful work is an important part of the regime for young offenders. 使从事有意义的劳动是管理少年犯的重要方法。

8 essentially   

adv.本质上，实质上，基本上

参考例句：

• Really great men are essentially modest.真正的伟人大都很谦虚。
• She is an essentially selfish person.她本质上是个自私自利的人。

9 liar   

n.说谎的人

参考例句：

• I know you for a thief and a liar!我算认识你了，一个又偷又骗的家伙！
• She was wrongly labelled a liar.她被错误地扣上说谎者的帽子。

10 stimulates   

v.刺激( stimulate的第三人称单数 )；激励；使兴奋；起兴奋作用，起刺激作用，起促进作用

参考例句：

• Exercise stimulates the body. 运动促进身体健康。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Alcohol stimulates the action of the heart. 酒刺激心脏的活动。 来自《现代英汉综合大词典》