VOA常速英语2017--特朗普指定国防部长拟定击垮IS方案

In his inaugural¹ address, President Donald Trump² repeated his promise to defeat Islamic terrorism:

特朗普总统在其就职演说中反复承诺要打击IS恐怖主义：

“We will reinforce old alliances and form new ones and unite the civilized³ world against radical⁴ Islamic terrorism, which we will eradicate⁵ completely from the face of the Earth.”

“我们将加强与往日盟友的关系，并建立新的盟友关系，使文明世界团结一致，对抗伊斯兰恐怖主义，让其彻底从地球上消失。”

In a presidential memorandum⁶ signed January 28, President Trump called ISIS “among the most vicious and aggressive” threats from radical Islamic terrorism faced by the United States.

在1月28日签订的总统备忘录中，特朗普将IS称为美国所面临的极端伊斯兰恐怖主义威胁中“无比邪恶、侵略性极强”的一个。

He recalled the beheadings of American citizens James Foley, Steven Sotloff, and Peter Abdul-Rahman Kassig, as well as the death of Kayla Mueller. He pointed⁷ to the ISIS-inspired attacks in the United States; the complicity of ISIS in the terrorist attacks in Paris, Brussels, and Berlin; ISIS' systematic⁸ campaign of persecution⁹ and extermination¹⁰ in those territories it enters or controls.

特朗普重提美国市民弗利(James Foley)、索特洛弗( Steven Sotloff)、卡西格(Abdul-Rahman Peter Kassig)和米勒(Kayla Mueller)惨遭砍杀之事。他还提到了IS在美国引发的袭击事件；IS在巴黎、布鲁塞尔、柏林恐怖袭击中的沆瀣一气；IS在其进入或控制领土上进行的系统性迫害和灭绝行动。

President Trump directed the Secretary of Defense¹¹ to deliver in 30 days a preliminary draft of a comprehensive plan to defeat the terrorist group. The plan would be developed with the participation¹² of the secretaries of State, Treasury¹³ and Homeland Security, as well as the director of national intelligence, the chairman of the Joint¹⁴ Chiefs of Staff, the assistant to the president for national security affairs and the assistant to the president for homeland security and counter-terrorism.

特朗普指定国防部长在30天内提交一份打击IS恐怖组织全面方案的初稿。这项方案将在多位国务卿、财政部长、国土安全部部长、国家情报机构负责人、参谋长联席会议主席、美国总统国家安全事务助理、总统国土安全及反恐事务助理。

At a press briefing, White House Spokesperson Sean Spicer said the plan must include recommended changes to any United States rules of engagement and other U.S. policy restrictions¹⁵ that exceed the requirements of international law regarding the use of force against ISIS, as well as other measures:

在一次新闻发布会上，白宫发言人戴维斯(Sean Spicer)表示，该方案将包含对美国交战规则和其他逾越了国际法关于对IS使用武力要求的政策限制，以及其他措施：

“Public diplomacy¹⁶, information operations and cyber strategies to isolate¹⁷ and delegitimize ISIS and its radical Islamist ideology¹⁸; identification of new coalition¹⁹ partners in the fight against ISIS and policies to empower coalition partners to fight ISIS and its affiliates²⁰; mechanisms²¹ to cut off ISIS financial support, including financial transfers, money laundering²², oil revenue, human trafficking, the sales of looted art, historical artifacts, and other revenue sources, and a detailed²³ strategy to fund the plan.”

“我们要采用民间外交、信息作战、空间策略，隔离并让IS机器极端伊斯兰意识形态失去法律效力；要确认与IS之战中新的盟友和政策，让我们的盟友可以抗击IS及其附属组织；要采用多种机制，切断IS的财务支援，包括财务转移、洗钱、石油、人口贩卖、售卖失窃的艺术品、其他收入来源。我们还要制定详细的策略，支持上述作战方案。”

“The President's clear objective is to defeat and destroy ISIL, and...to do it systematically²⁴. This is not only a necessary step for America's national security,” Mr. Spicer said, “it is also a humanitarian²⁵ imperative²⁶...The United States must take decisive action, and the President is taking the necessary steps.”

“特朗普总统的目标很清晰，就是要击垮并摧毁IS，并且是采用系统化的方式。这不仅对于美国国家安全来说是必要的举措，”戴维斯说，“这也具有人道主义必要性……美国必须采取果决的行动，而特朗普总统正在实行必要的举措。”

1 inaugural   

adj.就职的；n.就职典礼

参考例句：

• We listened to the President's inaugural speech on the radio yesterday.昨天我们通过无线电听了总统的就职演说。
• Professor Pearson gave the inaugural lecture in the new lecture theatre.皮尔逊教授在新的阶梯讲堂发表了启用演说。

2 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

3 civilized   

a.有教养的，文雅的

参考例句：

• Racism is abhorrent to a civilized society. 文明社会憎恶种族主义。
• rising crime in our so-called civilized societies 在我们所谓文明社会中日益增多的犯罪行为

4 radical   

n.激进份子，原子团，根号；adj.根本的，激进的，彻底的

参考例句：

• The patient got a radical cure in the hospital.病人在医院得到了根治。
• She is radical in her demands.她的要求十分偏激。

5 eradicate   

v.根除，消灭，杜绝

参考例句：

• These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
• They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。

6 memorandum   

n.备忘录，便笺

参考例句：

• The memorandum was dated 23 August,2008.备忘录上注明的日期是2008年8月23日。
• The Secretary notes down the date of the meeting in her memorandum book.秘书把会议日期都写在记事本上。

7 pointed   

adj.尖的，直截了当的

参考例句：

• He gave me a very sharp pointed pencil.他给我一支削得非常尖的铅笔。
• She wished to show Mrs.John Dashwood by this pointed invitation to her brother.她想通过对达茨伍德夫人提出直截了当的邀请向她的哥哥表示出来。

8 systematic   

adj.有系统的，有计划的，有方法的

参考例句：

• The way he works isn't very systematic.他的工作不是很有条理。
• The teacher made a systematic work of teaching.这个教师进行系统的教学工作。

9 persecution   

n. 迫害,烦扰

参考例句：

• He had fled from France at the time of the persecution. 他在大迫害时期逃离了法国。
• Their persecution only serves to arouse the opposition of the people. 他们的迫害只激起人民对他们的反抗。

10 extermination   

n.消灭，根绝

参考例句：

• All door and window is sealed for the extermination of mosquito. 为了消灭蚊子，所有的门窗都被封闭起来了。 来自辞典例句
• In doing so they were saved from extermination. 这样一来却使它们免于绝灭。 来自辞典例句

11 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

12 participation   

n.参与，参加，分享

参考例句：

• Some of the magic tricks called for audience participation.有些魔术要求有观众的参与。
• The scheme aims to encourage increased participation in sporting activities.这个方案旨在鼓励大众更多地参与体育活动。

13 treasury   

n.宝库；国库，金库；文库

参考例句：

• The Treasury was opposed in principle to the proposals.财政部原则上反对这些提案。
• This book is a treasury of useful information.这本书是有价值的信息宝库。

14 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

15 restrictions   

约束( restriction的名词复数 )； 管制； 制约因素； 带限制性的条件（或规则）

参考例句：

• I found the restrictions irksome. 我对那些限制感到很烦。
• a snaggle of restrictions 杂乱无章的种种限制

16 diplomacy   

n.外交；外交手腕，交际手腕

参考例句：

• The talks have now gone into a stage of quiet diplomacy.会谈现在已经进入了“温和外交”阶段。
• This was done through the skill in diplomacy. 这是通过外交手腕才做到的。

17 isolate   

vt.使孤立，隔离

参考例句：

• Do not isolate yourself from others.不要把自己孤立起来。
• We should never isolate ourselves from the masses.我们永远不能脱离群众。

18 ideology   

n.意识形态，(政治或社会的)思想意识

参考例句：

• The ideology has great influence in the world.这种思想体系在世界上有很大的影响。
• The ideal is to strike a medium between ideology and inspiration.我的理想是在意识思想和灵感鼓动之间找到一个折衷。

19 coalition   

n.结合体，同盟，结合，联合

参考例句：

• The several parties formed a coalition.这几个政党组成了政治联盟。
• Coalition forces take great care to avoid civilian casualties.联盟军队竭尽全力避免造成平民伤亡。

20 affiliates   

附属企业( affiliate的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• She affiliates with an academic society. 她是某学术团体的成员。
• For example, these security affiliates participated in the floating of 19,000,000,000 of issues in 1927. 例如，这些证券发行机构在1927年的流通证券中，就提供了一百九十亿美元的证券。

21 mechanisms   

n.机械( mechanism的名词复数 )；机械装置；[生物学] 机制；机械作用

参考例句：

• The research will provide direct insight into molecular mechanisms. 这项研究将使人能够直接地了解分子的机理。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He explained how the two mechanisms worked. 他解释这两台机械装置是如何工作的。 来自《简明英汉词典》

22 laundering   

n.洗涤（衣等），洗烫（衣等）；洗（钱）v.洗（衣服等），洗烫（衣服等）( launder的现在分词 )；洗（黑钱）（把非法收入改头换面，变为貌似合法的收入）

参考例句：

• Separate the white clothes from the dark clothes before laundering. 洗衣前应当把浅色衣服和深色衣服分开。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He was charged with laundering money. 他被指控洗钱。 来自《简明英汉词典》

23 detailed   

adj.详细的，详尽的，极注意细节的，完全的

参考例句：

• He had made a detailed study of the terrain.他对地形作了缜密的研究。
• A detailed list of our publications is available on request.我们的出版物有一份详细的目录备索。

24 systematically   

adv.有系统地

参考例句：

• This government has systematically run down public services since it took office.这一屆政府自上台以来系统地削减了公共服务。
• The rainforest is being systematically destroyed.雨林正被系统地毀灭。

25 humanitarian   

n.人道主义者，博爱者，基督凡人论者

参考例句：

• She has many humanitarian interests and contributes a lot to them.她拥有很多慈善事业，并作了很大的贡献。
• The British government has now suspended humanitarian aid to the area.英国政府现已暂停对这一地区的人道主义援助。

26 imperative   

n.命令，需要；规则；祈使语气；adj.强制的；紧急的

参考例句：

• He always speaks in an imperative tone of voice.他老是用命令的口吻讲话。
• The events of the past few days make it imperative for her to act.过去这几天发生的事迫使她不得不立即行动。