VOA常速英语2018--神奇博物馆呈现《哈利波特》既视感

For more than 140 years, from the late 1700s to the 1930s, the family-owned Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary¹ served customers with an amazing assortment² of medicines. When the shop closed, the building’s new owner kept it just the way it was, and turned it into a museum.

140多年来，即从18世纪晚期到20世纪30年代期间，由家族所有的Stabler-Leadbeater药商博物馆为顾客提供了各种各样的药物，让人惊喜不断。药店停业后，这座大楼的新主人保持了它的原貌，并将它打造成了博物馆。

A lot of the medicines that people would have been purchasing here were probably for minor³, ailments⁴, rashes, skin conditions, the flu, a headache. The apothecary museum contains thousands of items. They include bloodletting tools and cobalt glass bottles to store poisonous liquids. Like a modern drugstore, the apothecary sold more than just medicine. Lots of other chemicals like paints and dyes and perfumes would have been made and sold here.

人们来这里买的药一般都是针对小病的，比如皮疹、皮肤病、流感、头痛。这家博物馆里有上千件物品，包括采血工具和储存有毒液体的钴蓝色玻璃瓶。这里就像一家现代药店，卖的不只是药物而已。这里还有很多化学制品，比如油漆、染料和香水，这里都有生产和销售。

But other items like sewing machines and pens and razors and baby bottles were sold here as well. On the store’s original shelves are dozens of gold leaf labeled hand blown glass bottles for liquids. These bottles have probably been part of this pharmacies⁵ collection since the 1850s. A number of them have traces of residue⁶ from the ingredients. Others amazingly still contain liquids that go back decades, including cinnamon for nausea⁷, iodine⁸ and antiseptic and opium⁹ which is derived¹⁰ from the poppy flower.

但其他物品，比如缝纫机、笔、剃须刀和奶瓶，这里也有卖。这家店的货架跟以前一样，上面摆放着许多金标手吹玻璃瓶，用来储存液体。这些瓶子很可能自19世纪50年来开始就已经在这里了。其中很多物件上还残留着一些成分；还有一些瓶子竟然还储存着几十年前的液体，比如治疗晕船的肉桂、碘、消毒剂以及从罂粟花中提取的鸦片。

Opium was a very effective painkiller¹¹, and it would often be used to treat the flu or dysentery. The upstairs room looks like something out of a Harry¹² Potter movie with its old wooden boxes and drawers for storing herbs and other botanicals. Aconite or wolfsbane was a topical pain reliever. But in the wizardly world, the plant helps control violence by werewolves during their full moon transformations¹³. So if you have more wolf trouble, it gets you through to the next full moon, but the practical use was for gout and joint¹⁴ pain. And then there’s dragon’s blood used for making potions in the Potter series, but Dragon’s Blood actually comes from a tree whose red resin¹⁵ was mostly used as a varnish¹⁶. These dried wild carrot tops help reduce inflammation. Which looks surprisingly, probably like they would have looked like when they were originally packaged and sent. This visitor from California is intrigued¹⁷ by the variety of plants which include cannabis, the marijuana plant. Using all these different herbs and, like, you know, plant-based medicines, that are like coming back now and like people are, you know, more into the holistic¹⁸. So for me that’s personally most interesting to me because I work in the cannabis industry. While some medicines were discarded after it was known they were toxic¹⁹, we still rely on others for today’s modern remedies.

鸦片止痛有奇效，也经常用于治疗流感或痢疾。楼上的房间看起来就像是电影《哈利波特》里的房间——里面有古老的木制箱子，有存放草药等植物萃取物的抽屉。乌头或狼毒可用于局部止痛。不过，在魔法世界里，这种植物可以用来控制狼人在满月期间变身时出现的狂暴情绪。所以，如果您有狼人变身的烦恼，这种植物可以帮您安然度过，直到下一个满月。不过它的实际用途是治疗痛风和关节疼痛。此外，还有龙血，在《哈利波特》系列电影里可用于制作魔水，不过龙血实际上来自于一种树，这种树的红色树脂主要用作清漆。这些干燥的野生胡萝卜头有助于缓解炎症。令人惊讶的是，它们跟当初打包好送走的时候一模一样。这位来自加州的游客为这五花八门的植物而着迷，比如大麻类植物。所有这些不同草药和植物制成药物的使用，仿佛重回人们的生活，融入了人们的生活一样。对我本人来说就是最有吸引力的，因为我就是做大麻行业的。虽然人们在发现有些药物有毒后就弃之不用了，但还有一些是我们赖以依靠的现代治疗方法。

1 apothecary   

n.药剂师

参考例句：

• I am an apothecary of that hospital.我是那家医院的一名药剂师。
• He was the usual cut and dry apothecary,of no particular age and color.他是那种再普通不过的行医者，说不出多大年纪，相貌也没什么值得一提的。

2 assortment   

n.分类，各色俱备之物，聚集

参考例句：

• This shop has a good assortment of goods to choose from.该店各色货物俱全，任君选择。
• She was wearing an odd assortment of clothes.她穿着奇装异服。

3 minor   

adj.较小(少)的，较次要的；n.辅修学科；vi.辅修

参考例句：

• The young actor was given a minor part in the new play.年轻的男演员在这出新戏里被分派担任一个小角色。
• I gave him a minor share of my wealth.我把小部分财产给了他。

4 ailments   

疾病（尤指慢性病），不适( ailment的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• His ailments include a mild heart attack and arthritis. 他患有轻度心脏病和关节炎。
• He hospitalizes patients for minor ailments. 他把只有小病的患者也送进医院。

5 pharmacies   

药店

参考例句：

• Still, 32 percent of the pharmacies filled the prescriptions. 但仍然有32%的药剂师配发了这两张药方。 来自互联网
• Chinese herbal pharmacies, and traditional massage therapists in the Vancouver telephone book. 中药店，和传统的按摩师在温哥华的电话簿里。 来自互联网

6 residue   

n.残余，剩余，残渣

参考例句：

• Mary scraped the residue of food from the plates before putting them under water.玛丽在把盘子放入水之前先刮去上面的食物残渣。
• Pesticide persistence beyond the critical period for control leads to residue problems.农药一旦超过控制的临界期，就会导致残留问题。

7 nausea   

n.作呕，恶心；极端的憎恶(或厌恶)

参考例句：

• Early pregnancy is often accompanied by nausea.怀孕期常有恶心的现象。
• He experienced nausea after eating octopus.吃了章鱼后他感到恶心。

8 iodine   

n.碘，碘酒

参考例句：

• The doctor painted iodine on the cut.医生在伤口上涂点碘酒。
• Iodine tends to localize in the thyroid.碘容易集于甲状腺。

9 opium   

n.鸦片；adj.鸦片的

参考例句：

• That man gave her a dose of opium.那男人给了她一剂鸦片。
• Opium is classed under the head of narcotic.鸦片是归入麻醉剂一类的东西。

10 derived   

vi.起源；由来；衍生；导出v.得到( derive的过去式和过去分词 )；（从…中）得到获得；源于；（从…中）提取

参考例句：

• Many English words are derived from Latin and Greek. 英语很多词源出于拉丁文和希腊文。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• He derived his enthusiasm for literature from his father. 他对文学的爱好是受他父亲的影响。 来自《简明英汉词典》

11 painkiller   

n.止痛药

参考例句：

• I shall persuade him to take the painkiller.我将说服他把药吃下去。
• The painkiller only provides him a short respite from his pain.止痛药仅仅让他在疼痛中有短暂的疏解。

12 harry   

vt.掠夺，蹂躏，使苦恼

参考例句：

• Today,people feel more hurried and harried.今天，人们感到更加忙碌和苦恼。
• Obama harried business by Healthcare Reform plan.奥巴马用医改掠夺了商界。

13 transformations   

n.变化( transformation的名词复数 )；转换；转换；变换

参考例句：

• Energy transformations go on constantly, all about us. 在我们周围，能量始终在不停地转换着。 来自辞典例句
• On the average, such transformations balance out. 平均起来，这种转化可以互相抵消。 来自辞典例句

14 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

15 resin   

n.树脂，松香，树脂制品；vt.涂树脂

参考例句：

• This allyl type resin is a highly transparent, colourless material.这种烯丙基型的树脂是一种高度透明的、无色材料。
• This is referred to as a thixotropic property of the resin.这种特性叫做树脂的触变性。

16 varnish   

n.清漆；v.上清漆；粉饰

参考例句：

• He tried to varnish over the facts,but it was useless.他想粉饰事实，但那是徒劳的。
• He applied varnish to the table.他给那张桌子涂上清漆。

17 intrigued   

adj.好奇的，被迷住了的v.搞阴谋诡计(intrigue的过去式)；激起…的兴趣或好奇心；“intrigue”的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• You've really intrigued me—tell me more! 你说的真有意思—再给我讲一些吧！
• He was intrigued by her story. 他被她的故事迷住了。

18 holistic   

adj.从整体着眼的，全面的

参考例句：

• There is a fundamental ambiguity in the use of word "whole" in recent holistic literature.在近代的整体主义著作中，“整体”这个词的用法极其含混。
• In so far as historicism is technological,its approach is not piecemeal,but "holistic".仅就历史决定论是一种技术而论，它的方法不是渐进的，而是“整体主义的”。

19 toxic   

adj.有毒的，因中毒引起的

参考例句：

• The factory had accidentally released a quantity of toxic waste into the sea.这家工厂意外泄漏大量有毒废物到海中。
• There is a risk that toxic chemicals might be blasted into the atmosphere.爆炸后有毒化学物质可能会进入大气层。