VOA常速英语2019--健康专家发出警告：流行病恐在36小时内夺走数百万条生命

Health Experts Warn That Disease Could Kill Millions In Just 36 Hours

AIDS is no longer the threat it once was. Treatment has changed that. And research on a vaccine¹ is promising².

艾滋病已不再像从前那样恐惧。这是因为新的治疗方法改变了这一局面。如今，人们对于一种疫苗的研究正充满希望。

There is talk now about ending malaria³ in the next 30 years.

现在大家都谈论的话题是，在接下来的30年里要消除疟疾。 

Malaria kills half a million people each year, most of them children.

每年大概有50万人因染上疟疾死亡，大多数都是儿童。 

Scientists are also closing in on Ebola.

科学家正努力研究埃博拉。 

A vaccine to prevent Ebola plus two new drugs to treat those who have it are saving lives in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

一种能够阻止埃博拉病毒扩散的疫苗，再加上两种可治疗已感染该病毒的新药品，能够拯救刚果民主共和国的许多条生命。

Ebola used to kill up to 90% of its victims.

曾经，90%的埃博拉病毒感染者都无法存活。 

Now, the lower the amount of the virus in a person’s bloodstream , the lower the chance of dying.

如今，人体血管内病毒越少，存活的几率就越高。 

“ If you get a low viral load, the mortality goes down to around 10%.”

“如果体内病毒很少，那么死亡率会下降到10%。” 

Dr. Anthony Fauci heads research on infectious diseases at the US National Institute of Health.

美国国家卫生研究院的Anthony Fauci 博士带头进行了一次关于传染病的调查研究。 

He is also a member of the Global Preparedness Monitoring Board, the World Health Organization, and the World Bank, asked the board to assess global preparedness for the next pandemic.

同时，Anthony Fauci 博士也是全球备灾监测委员会、世界卫生组织、世界银行的成员，他让委员会做好下一场流行病的全球备灾。

In its first report, the board warned that the world is woefully unprepared, so unprepared,

全球备灾监测委员会发布的第一篇报告中表示，全球各地的备灾情况十分糟糕，可以说完全没准备好，

that the next pandemic caused by a deadly virus or bacteria or other agents could kill up to 80 million people and cause enormous economic suffering.

以至于下一场由致命病毒、细菌、或其他媒介导致的流行病很有可能造成8000万人死亡，并带来巨大的经济损失。

“ If this had been the defense⁴ or military preparations in a country, it will not only have been the defense minister, but the whole government, and the prime minister or president responsible.

“国家内部如果要做好防卫措施或军事准备，不能只是国防部长去操心，整个政府、首相、总统都需要履职行责。

This has to be the same in global health security.”

全球各地的健康安全工作都是如此。” 

During a recent trip to East Africa, Dr. Fauci was pleased with the medical practices being used to contain the Ebola virus.

近日，Fauci博士前往东非时，看到人们在使用医疗措施来遏制埃博拉病毒的扩散，他感到十分欣慰。

“ I was clearly impressed at the capabilities⁵ of the Congolese who were administering the care here

“刚果人民提供治疗的能力让我印象深刻， 

as well as the preparedness of the Rwandans and the Ugandans in case, in cases spill over the border

同时我还看到卢旺达和乌干达积极投身于备灾工作，以防疫情蔓延到其他国家，这同样令我感到震撼。”

In the first annual report, the board cited political and social obstacles to stopping diseases, including the stigma⁶, associated with TB, HIV, AIDS, Ebola and other illnesses.

全球备灾监测委员会的第一份年度报告中还提到有一些政治和社会因素会阻碍疫情控制，这其中包括有些人因染上肺结核或艾滋病，携带HIV或埃博拉病毒，又或是感染上其他疾病，就感到十分羞耻。

They also cite lack of infrastructure⁷, clean water and sanitation⁸ and lack of funding.

报告中还提出一些地区缺乏基础设施、清洁水源、卫生环境以及资金。 

“ We need to have stronger preparedness across the board to avoid unnecessary loss of life and large economic losses.”

“我们需要做好全方位准备，加大力度，避免不必要的生命以及经济损失。” 

The report warned that the prolonged conflict and forced migration⁹ enabled disease to spread.

报告提醒人们，长期冲突以及被迫迁移会导致疾病扩散。 

The report urged countries to establish emergency preparedness from the local level on up.

因此号召所有国家在当地建立应急准备。 

These are all political issues

这些都是政治问题。 

1 vaccine   

n.牛痘苗，疫苗；adj.牛痘的，疫苗的

参考例句：

• The polio vaccine has saved millions of lives.脊髓灰质炎疫苗挽救了数以百万计的生命。
• She takes a vaccine against influenza every fall.她每年秋季接种流感疫苗。

2 promising   

adj.有希望的，有前途的

参考例句：

• The results of the experiments are very promising.实验的结果充满了希望。
• We're trying to bring along one or two promising young swimmers.我们正设法培养出一两名有前途的年轻游泳选手。

3 malaria   

n.疟疾

参考例句：

• He had frequent attacks of malaria.他常患疟疾。
• Malaria is a kind of serious malady.疟疾是一种严重的疾病。

4 defense   

n.防御，保卫；[pl.]防务工事；辩护，答辩

参考例句：

• The accused has the right to defense.被告人有权获得辩护。
• The war has impacted the area with military and defense workers.战争使那个地区挤满了军队和防御工程人员。

5 capabilities   

n.能力( capability的名词复数 )；可能；容量；[复数]潜在能力

参考例句：

• He was somewhat pompous and had a high opinion of his own capabilities. 他有点自大，自视甚高。 来自辞典例句
• Some programmers use tabs to break complex product capabilities into smaller chunks. 一些程序员认为，标签可以将复杂的功能分为每个窗格一组简单的功能。 来自About Face 3交互设计精髓

6 stigma   

n.耻辱，污名；(花的)柱头

参考例句：

• Being an unmarried mother used to carry a social stigma.做未婚母亲在社会上曾是不光彩的事。
• The stigma of losing weighed heavily on the team.失败的耻辱让整个队伍压力沉重。

7 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

8 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

9 migration   

n.迁移，移居，（鸟类等的）迁徙

参考例句：

• Swallows begin their migration south in autumn.燕子在秋季开始向南方迁移。
• He described the vernal migration of birds in detail.他详细地描述了鸟的春季移居。