VOA常速英语2019--特朗普授予里根时代经济学家自由勋章

Trump¹ Confers Medal of Freedom to Reagan Era Economist²

In his address at the White House ceremony, Trump praised the state of the US economy and gave much credit for it to the economic policies promoted by Laffer and put in practice by former President Ronald Reagan.“Today our nation is stronger, our people more prosperous and the world a much better place because of the brilliance³ and boldness of Doctor Arthur Laffer.”Laffer is best known for the so-called “Laffer Curve”, a drawing he once made on a napkin to illustrate⁴ the relationship between tax rates and the amount of tax revenue collected by the government.“Art showed that if tax rates are too high people stop spending and they stop investing, the result is less growth and lower tax revenues.”The theory not originated by Laffer has been popular with Republicans. But experts say there is no conclusive⁵ study to prove it. Critics also point out that the US economy has grown in some periods when the top marginal tax rates were as high as 90 percent.Earlier Wednesday the Federal Reserve which is the US central bank announced that interest rates will remain unchanged for the remainder of the year.

特朗普在白宫仪式上的讲话中称赞了美国经济的状况，并高度赞扬了由拉弗推动并由前总统罗纳德·里根实施的经济政策。“今天，我们的国家更加强大，我们的民族更加繁荣昌盛，世界更加美好，这是因为亚瑟·拉弗博士的聪明才智和勇敢。”拉弗最著名的是所谓的“拉弗曲线”，他曾在餐巾纸上画过一幅图，用来说明税率与政府税收之间的关系。“艺术表明，如果税率太高，人们就会停止消费，停止投资，其结果是增长减少，税收收入减少。”这个不是由拉弗提出的理论在共和党人中很受欢迎。但专家表示，目前还没有确凿的研究来证明这一点。批评人士还指出，美国经济在最高边际税率高达90%的某些时期有所增长。周三早些时候，美国中央银行美联储宣布，今年剩余的时间里利率将保持不变。

“So far this year the economy has performed reasonably well with solid fundamentals supporting continued growth and strong employment. Inflation has been running somewhat below our objective, but we’ve expected it to pick up supported by solid growth in a strong job market.”Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell said the US economy is expected to remain strong,but it could change course due to trade developments and concerns about global growth.“We’re quite mindful of the risks to the outlook and are prepared to move and use our tools as needed to sustain the expansion.”Economists expect that the central bank will cut the interest rates once or twice this year for the first time in a decade. The federal fund rates affect the rates of consumer and business loans and can have an impact on the economy.

“到目前为止，今年的经济表现相当不错，坚实的基础支撑着持续增长和强劲的就业。通货膨胀一直低于我们的目标，但我们预计，在强劲的就业市场强劲增长的支持下，通货膨胀会有所回升。”美联储主席杰罗米·鲍威尔表示，预计美国经济将保持强劲，但由于贸易发展和对全球经济增长的担忧，美国经济可能会发生变化。“我们非常关注涉及前景的风险，并准备根据需要推进和使用我们的工具来维持经济发展。”经济学家预计，央行今年将降息一至两次，这是十年来的首次降息。联邦基金利率影响消费者和企业贷款利率，并能对经济产生影响。

1 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

2 economist   

n.经济学家，经济专家，节俭的人

参考例句：

• He cast a professional economist's eyes on the problem.他以经济学行家的眼光审视这个问题。
• He's an economist who thinks he knows all the answers.他是个经济学家，自以为什么都懂。

3 brilliance   

n.光辉，辉煌，壮丽，（卓越的）才华，才智

参考例句：

• I was totally amazed by the brilliance of her paintings.她的绘画才能令我惊歎不已。
• The gorgeous costume added to the brilliance of the dance.华丽的服装使舞蹈更加光彩夺目。

4 illustrate   

v.举例说明，阐明；图解，加插图

参考例句：

• The company's bank statements illustrate its success.这家公司的银行报表说明了它的成功。
• This diagram will illustrate what I mean.这个图表可说明我的意思。

5 conclusive   

adj.最后的，结论的；确凿的，消除怀疑的

参考例句：

• They produced some fairly conclusive evidence.他们提供了一些相当确凿的证据。
• Franklin did not believe that the French tests were conclusive.富兰克林不相信这个法国人的实验是结论性的。