VOA常速英语2019--报告称到2030年非洲儿童将会占到全球贫困人口的一半以上

The United Nations has 17 sustainable development goals. Number one on the list is eradicating¹ extreme poverty by 2030. The world will fall well short of that target according to the latest report from Save the Children and the Overseas Development Institute. It delivers a devastating² verdict on global efforts to eradicate³ extreme poverty among children in Africa.

联合国有17项可持续发展目标。清单上的第一项是到2030年消除极端贫困。根据拯救儿童基金会和海外发展研究所的最新报告，世界将远远达不到这一目标。它对消除非洲儿童极端贫困的全球努力作出了毁灭性的裁决。

“On our projection⁴, children in Africa will account for around 55 percent of all extreme poverty in the world by 2030.”The report authors say Africa’s children are being left further and further behind and predict that 87 million African children will be born into poverty each year in the 2020s.“On average, women are still having four to five children and it’s the part of the world where poverty is coming down most slowly partly because of slow growth but also because of very high levels of inequality.”

“根据我们的预测，到2030年，非洲儿童将占全球极端贫困人口的55%左右。”报告的作者说，非洲儿童越来越落后，并预测到本世纪20年代，非洲每年将有8700万儿童出生贫困。“平均而言，妇女仍有4到5个孩子，而世界上贫困下降最慢的地区，部分原因是增长缓慢，但也因为非常严重的不平等。”

An estimated 40 percent of Africans still live on less than one dollar 90 cents a day.“A child born into poverty faces greater risks of illiteracy⁵, greater risks of mortality before the age of five, then they’re between two and three times more likely to die before their fifth birthday. They’re far less likely to escape poverty themselves, which means that they will become the transmission mechanism⁶ for poverty to another generation.”The report criticizes African governments for failing to develop coherent policies and also warns that the IMF, the World Bank and other donors⁷ are failing in their response. More than 150 world leaders are due to attend the United Nations sustainable development summit later this month in New York and will aim to agree on an agenda for the next 15 years.

据估计，40%的非洲人每天的生活费不足1美元90美分。“一个出生在贫困家庭的孩子在五岁之前面临着更大的文盲风险，更大的死亡风险，那么他们在五岁之前死亡的可能性就会增加两到三倍。”他们自己摆脱贫困的可能性要小得多，这意味着他们将成为下一代贫困的传导机制。”该报告批评非洲各国政府未能制定连贯的政策，并警告说，国际货币基金组织、世界银行和其他捐助方未能做出反应。150多位世界领导人将出席本月晚些时候在纽约举行的联合国可持续发展峰会，他们的目标是就未来15年的议程达成一致。

Dramatic changes in approach are urgently needed, says Watkins.“Transferring more monetary⁸ resources to children who are living in poverty has to be part of the solution, but we know also that money is not enough. It’s critically important that these children get access to basic nutritional⁹ services, the basic health interventions¹⁰ and the school systems that they need to escape poverty.”

沃特金斯说，迫切需要在方法上作出重大改变。“把更多的金钱资源转移给生活在贫困中的儿童必须是解决办法的一部分，但我们也知道，金钱是不够的。让这些儿童获得基本的营养服务、基本的健康干预措施以及他们摆脱贫困所需要的学校系统，这是至关重要的。”

The report warns that if poverty reduction targets are not met, the world will also fall well short on other sustainable development goals in education, health and gender¹¹ equalityHenry Ridgwell for VOA news London.

报告警告称，如果不能实现减贫目标，世界在教育、健康和性别平等方面的其他可持续发展目标也将远远落后。

1 eradicating   

摧毁，完全根除( eradicate的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• Objective: To study the acute and chronic toxicity of Ten-flavor-acne eradicating-capsule. 目的：探讨复方中药合剂十味平痤胶囊的急性及慢性毒性。
• We are on the verge of eradicating polio in the world. 我们已在世界消除小儿？痹症的边缘了。

2 devastating   

adj.毁灭性的，令人震惊的，强有力的

参考例句：

• It is the most devastating storm in 20 years.这是20年来破坏性最大的风暴。
• Affairs do have a devastating effect on marriages.婚外情确实会对婚姻造成毁灭性的影响。

3 eradicate   

v.根除，消灭，杜绝

参考例句：

• These insects are very difficult to eradicate.这些昆虫很难根除。
• They are already battling to eradicate illnesses such as malaria and tetanus.他们已经在努力消灭疟疾、破伤风等疾病。

4 projection   

n.发射，计划，突出部分

参考例句：

• Projection takes place with a minimum of awareness or conscious control.投射在最少的知觉或意识控制下发生。
• The projection of increases in number of house-holds is correct.对户数增加的推算是正确的。

5 illiteracy   

n.文盲

参考例句：

• It is encouraging to read that illiteracy is declining.从读报中了解文盲情况正在好转，这是令人鼓舞的。
• We must do away with illiteracy.我们必须扫除文盲。

6 mechanism   

n.机械装置；机构，结构

参考例句：

• The bones and muscles are parts of the mechanism of the body.骨骼和肌肉是人体的组成部件。
• The mechanism of the machine is very complicated.这台机器的结构是非常复杂的。

7 donors   

n.捐赠者( donor的名词复数 )；献血者；捐血者；器官捐献者

参考例句：

• Please email us to be removed from our active list of blood donors. 假如你想把自己的名字从献血联系人名单中删去，请给我们发电子邮件。
• About half this amount comes from individual donors and bequests. 这笔钱大约有一半来自个人捐赠及遗赠。 来自《简明英汉词典》

8 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

9 nutritional   

adj.营养的，滋养的

参考例句：

• A diet lacking in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.缺乏营养价值的饮食不能维持人的健康。
• The labels on food products give a lot of information about their nutritional content.食品上的标签提供很多关于营养成分的信息。

10 interventions   

n.介入，干涉，干预( intervention的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• Economic analysis of government interventions deserves detailed discussion. 政府对经济的干预应该给予充分的论述。 来自辞典例句
• The judge's frequent interventions made a mockery of justice. 法官的屡屡干预是对正义的践踏。 来自互联网

11 gender   

n.（生理上的）性，（名词、代词等的）性

参考例句：

• French differs from English in having gender for all nouns.法语不同于英语，所有的名词都有性。
• Women are sometimes denied opportunities solely because of their gender.妇女有时仅仅因为性别而无法获得种种机会。