VOA常速英语2020--切尔诺贝利留下的影响

We entered what is known as the Palaci State Eco Radiological Reserve in southern Belarus, where radiation makes it impossible for human life to return, experts say, anytime soon. It will take another 300 years to make this territory absolutely safe. With no humans around, wild animals have taken over the land, where times stopped short after the Chernobyl accident in 1986. The reactor¹ is just a few kilometers south in neighboring Ukraine. More than 22,000 people inhabitants of these villages had to abandon their ancestral lands forever, leaving behind their entire lives. Villages that have now become a silent museum of disaster. But just three kilometers from the perimeter² of the forbidden zone, human life has retaken its place. Natalia returned to the village her family left in 1986 despite being evicted³ by the state. I was born here at Krasnaya. I studied here. When the radiation took place, we were taken to another area. I married there, lived there a bit, but I disliked that and we came back, and I have lived here for 23 years already. This is a rural area and most of the inhabitants work on state-owned collective farms. They complain of miserable⁴ wages.

我们进入了白俄罗斯南部的帕拉西州立生态辐射保护区。专家称，那里的辐射致使人类的生活不可能在短期内恢复。还需要300年的时间，才能使这个地区绝对安全。由于附近没有人类居住，野生动物们占领了这片土地。1986年发生切尔诺贝利事故之后，这里的时间短暂停止了。反应堆就在邻国乌克兰以南几公里处。在这些村落中居住着的超过2.2万人被迫永远放弃祖传土地，永远放弃他们在这里的生活。那些村落现在已然成为无声的灾难博物馆。但在距离禁区周边仅三公里的地方，人们的生活又重新回到了原来的样子。尽管被国家驱逐，娜塔莉亚还是回到了1986年她的家人曾离开的村庄。我出生于克拉斯纳亚。我在这里学习。当辐射发生时，我们被带到了另一个地区。我在那里结婚，而且生活了一段时间，但我不喜欢那里，我们就回来了，我已经在这里住了23年了。这是一个农村地区，大多数居民在国有集体农场工作。他们抱怨工资太低。

Svetlana, a mother of four children, who says she is exhausted⁵ by working conditions. The salaries are very small, very small. It is impossible to survive a month having such salaries. The work is quite heavy. As a milkmaid's replacement⁶, for instance my salary is 320 rubles, maybe 330, Belarusian rubles, not to be confused with Russian rubles. Low wages mean people must grow crops and raise animals for their own consumption. Experts call it risky⁷ since this land is contaminated. Until the moment this area becomes economically well developed, and people start getting proper wages and having proper jobs, they won't be able to afford to go to the supermarket and buy. But for residents who do not see radiation as a problem, the choice is one of either eating or not eating. If it were not for my own household garden, it would be absolutely impossible to survive having such a salary, do you agree with that? We survive only thanks to our vegetable garden. The population of Southern Belarus is trapped between polluted soil and a subsistence economy. And in that dilemma⁸, the fear of hunger outweighs⁹ the fear of the harmful effects of radiation. For Ricardo Marquina in Bregen Belarus, I'm Roderick James VOA news

斯维特兰娜是一位母亲，她有四个孩子。她说，工作使她筋疲力尽。薪水非常非常少。用这些薪水根本无法支撑一个月的生活。而且工作相当繁重。比如说，作为一名挤奶女工的接替者，我的薪水是320卢布，也许是330卢布，不过我说的是白俄罗斯卢布，别跟俄罗斯卢布混淆。低工资意味着人们必须种植农作物和饲养动物以供自己食用。专家称，这样的举动很危险，因为这片土地被污染了。直到这个地区的经济发展良好，人们开始拿到适当的工资，找到合适的工作，他们才能够负担得起去超市购物的费用。但对于那些不认为辐射是问题的居民来说，他们必须选择吃还是不吃。如果没有我自家的菜园，靠这样的薪水是绝对不可能生存下去的，你同意吗？我们只能靠菜园生存。白俄罗斯南部的人口深陷受到污染的土壤和自给自足的经济困境之间。他们处于左右为难的窘境，对饥饿的恐惧超过了对辐射有害影响的恐惧。美国之音新闻，白俄罗斯布雷根的里卡多·马奎纳编辑，记者罗德里克·詹姆斯报道。

1 reactor   

n.反应器；反应堆

参考例句：

• The atomic reactor generates enormous amounts of thermal energy.原子反应堆发出大量的热能。
• Inside the reactor the large molecules are cracked into smaller molecules.在反应堆里，大分子裂变为小分子。

2 perimeter   

n.周边，周长，周界

参考例句：

• The river marks the eastern perimeter of our land.这条河标示我们的土地东面的边界。
• Drinks in hands,they wandered around the perimeter of the ball field.他们手里拿着饮料在球场周围漫不经心地遛跶。

3 evicted   

v.（依法从房屋里或土地上）驱逐，赶出( evict的过去式和过去分词 )

参考例句：

• A number of tenants have been evicted for not paying the rent. 许多房客因不付房租被赶了出来。
• They had evicted their tenants for non-payment of rent. 他们赶走了未交房租的房客。

4 miserable   

adj.悲惨的，痛苦的；可怜的，糟糕的

参考例句：

• It was miserable of you to make fun of him.你取笑他，这是可耻的。
• Her past life was miserable.她过去的生活很苦。

5 exhausted   

adj.极其疲惫的，精疲力尽的

参考例句：

• It was a long haul home and we arrived exhausted.搬运回家的这段路程特别长，到家时我们已筋疲力尽。
• Jenny was exhausted by the hustle of city life.珍妮被城市生活的忙乱弄得筋疲力尽。

6 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

7 risky   

adj.有风险的，冒险的

参考例句：

• It may be risky but we will chance it anyhow.这可能有危险，但我们无论如何要冒一冒险。
• He is well aware how risky this investment is.他心里对这项投资的风险十分清楚。

8 dilemma   

n.困境，进退两难的局面

参考例句：

• I am on the horns of a dilemma about the matter.这件事使我进退两难。
• He was thrown into a dilemma.他陷入困境。

9 outweighs   

v.在重量上超过( outweigh的第三人称单数 )；在重要性或价值方面超过

参考例句：

• Her need to save money outweighs her desire to spend it on fun. 她省钱的需要比她花钱娱乐的愿望更重要。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Its clarity in algebraic and analytical operations far outweighs any drawbacks. 文化代数和解析运算中的清晰性远远胜过任何缺点。 来自辞典例句