VOA常速英语2020--疫情下的纽约街头

At the Museum of the city of New York, we think a lot about what makes New York New York and when we bring it down to just four ideas, money, density¹, diversity and creativity. They are all rooted in and felt in the vibrant² street life of New York, and that energy of New Yorks street life is what I find most viscerally absence during this strange and quiet time of sheltering in place staying at home social distancing and quarantine. Use hand sanitizer. Please cover your nose and mouth at your elbow when you cough and sneeze. Let's work together to keep healthy. The streets are dense³, they're diverse full of creative people. People from all over the world, the crowds that jostling, people bumping up against strangers and hearing all the languages of the globe. That's typically the experience of moving through the streets of New York.

在纽约市的博物馆，我们思考了很多关于是什么让纽约成为纽约，然后我们将它分成四种观点：金钱、密度、多样性和创造力。它们都根植于充满活力的纽约的街道生活，我发现纽约街道生活的活力，正是我们在这段陌生又安静的时光里内心深处所缺失的，我们待在家里，远离社会，进行隔离。使用洗手液。当你咳嗽或者打喷嚏时请用手肘捂住口鼻。让我们一起努力保持健康。街道很拥挤，到处都是富有创造力的人，他们是多样的。人们来自世界各地，拥挤成群，会撞到陌生人，也能倾听世界各地的语言。这是典型的在纽约街头移动的经历。

So much of the way the city was organized and the systems that were built were designed to fight the unhealthy environment that was understood to be the sources of disease. And so, big pieces of infrastructure⁴ were created like the water system, the very existence of the sanitation⁵ system the housing codes that shaped the way the buildings were built. But as you get into the 20th century, the changes that you see as a result of infectious disease are more metaphorical⁶. They're about human behavior shaping how people relate to each other and how we think about certain spaces. It's going to be interesting to see the aftermath of this, really historic period and whether it changes the direction or the slope of New Yorks development. New York has a lot of monikers and nicknames. One is famously the city that never sleeps. Yet right now people are feeling that the city that never sleeps is at least napping, and yet when you look closer at what it takes to keep the city moving and all the people putting their lives on the front lines whether literally⁷ in hospitals or just keeping the subways and buses moving, deliveries coming and food on the shelves. There is still a lot of people not sleeping in New York.

城市的大部分组织方式和建造系统都是用来对抗被认为是疾病源头的不健康的环境。因此，大量的基础设施被创造出来，比如供水系统，卫生系统的存在，塑造建筑物建造方式的住房法规。但是当你进入20世纪的时候，你所能看到的传染病带来的改变更具有隐喻性。它们是关于人类行为塑造人类关系以及我们如何看待特定的空间。看到这件事的后果会很有趣，这是真正的具有历史性的时期，并且是否他会改变纽约的发展方向或者坡度。纽约有很多绰号。其中一个很出名的就是纽约不夜城。然而，现在人们觉得这个从不睡觉的城市在打瞌睡，当你仔细观察如何如何保持这座城市运转的时候，所有奋战在前线的人们，无论是在医院里，还是保证地铁及公交运行，抑或送货上门，食品上架。在纽约，仍然有很多人在奋战。

1 density   

n.密集，密度，浓度

参考例句：

• The population density of that country is 685 per square mile.那个国家的人口密度为每平方英里685人。
• The region has a very high population density.该地区的人口密度很高。

2 vibrant   

adj.震颤的，响亮的，充满活力的，精力充沛的，(色彩)鲜明的

参考例句：

• He always uses vibrant colours in his paintings. 他在画中总是使用鲜明的色彩。
• She gave a vibrant performance in the leading role in the school play.她在学校表演中生气盎然地扮演了主角。

3 dense   

a.密集的，稠密的，浓密的；密度大的

参考例句：

• The general ambushed his troops in the dense woods. 将军把部队埋伏在浓密的树林里。
• The path was completely covered by the dense foliage. 小路被树叶厚厚地盖了一层。

4 infrastructure   

n.下部构造，下部组织，基础结构，基础设施

参考例句：

• We should step up the development of infrastructure for research.加强科学基础设施建设。
• We should strengthen cultural infrastructure and boost various types of popular culture.加强文化基础设施建设，发展各类群众文化。

5 sanitation   

n.公共卫生，环境卫生，卫生设备

参考例句：

• The location is exceptionally poor,viewed from the sanitation point.从卫生角度来看，这个地段非常糟糕。
• Many illnesses are the result,f inadequate sanitation.许多疾病都来源于不健全的卫生设施。

6 metaphorical   

a.隐喻的，比喻的

参考例句：

• Here, then, we have a metaphorical substitution on a metonymic axis. 这样，我们在换喻（者翻译为转喻，一种以部分代替整体的修辞方法）上就有了一个隐喻的替代。
• So, in a metaphorical sense, entropy is arrow of time. 所以说，我们可以这样作个比喻：熵像是时间之矢。

7 literally   

adv.照字面意义，逐字地；确实

参考例句：

• He translated the passage literally.他逐字逐句地翻译这段文字。
• Sometimes she would not sit down till she was literally faint.有时候，她不走到真正要昏厥了，决不肯坐下来。