意大利推出先进的生物燃料工厂

 　　意大利推出先进的生物燃料工厂 by Marzia De Giuli

　　CRESCENTINO, Italy, Oct. 9 (Xinhua) -- An advanced plant for the production of second generation biofuels from plants not suitable for food consumption was inaugurated in northern Italy on Wednesday as the result of a 150-million-euro investment and five years of research.

　　The Crescentino bio-refinery was projected and built by Beta Renewables, a joint¹ venture between Biochemtex, an engineering company of Italian family group Mossi Ghisolfi (one of the world's leading producers of PET resin), American private equity² firm Texas Pacific Group and Danish company Novozymes, a world leader in bio-innovation.

　　The plant has a footprint of 15 hectares in an agricultural area for biomass at limited costs in Piedmont, one of Italy's most developed regions.

　　It is expected to produce 75 million liters a year of second generation bioethanol from non-food biomass like energy crops such as giant reed, miscanthus and switchgrass, or agricultural waste such as sugarcane, bagasse and straws.

　　The bio-refinery is entirely³ self-sufficient in terms of energy consumption and ensures 100 percent water recycling, CEO of Beta Renewables Guido Ghisolfi said at the opening ceremony held in the presence of Italian Economic Development Minister Flavio Zanonato, representatives from the European Commission, local authorities as well as hundreds of global stakeholders and professionals.

　　The project was also supported by Piedmont Region with a three-million-euro investment and by the European Commission with a seven-euro-investment plus another 28 million euros expected over the next five years, sources from the Mossi Ghisolfi group told Xinhua.

　　Ghisolfi said the "revolutionary" feature was the innovative⁴ technology PROESA developed by Beta Renewables.

　　Combined with the enzymes⁵ produced by Novozymes, PROESA makes use of sugars that are present in non-food biomass to produce biofuels that ensure a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions⁶ close to 90 percent of those generated by fossil fuels, better that the reduction achieved by first generation biofuels.

　　The CEO was confident that the second generation biofuel market has high potentials.

　　"The green economy is not a replacement⁷, but means shifting from a society based only on fossil fuels to a society also based on biomass," he stressed.

　　For example, the fact that every year Italian agriculture loses up to 100,000 hectares that could be easily used to produce non-food biomass shows space for further investment as well as the "bankability and replicability⁸" of the project both in Italy and throughout the world, he noted⁹.

　　Agreements have already been signed with international companies on the use of PROESA, based on which Brazil and the United States will build their first refineries¹⁰ of second generation bioethanol, CEO of Novozymes Peder Holk Nielsen said.

　　"This plant is the first commercial one with this technology, and eventually the world can actually produce more than half of all gasoline consumption by converting the biomass into fuels," he highlighted.

　　Prices depend on the raw material, Nielsen noted, but if "the row materials are picked smarty, than this plant would be able to compete with gasoline."

　　The CEO of Novozymes, which has two manufacturing plants as well as research and business development facilities in China, added that the model is workable in the Asian country.

　　"I hope China will play a role in developing the renewal¹¹ fuels industry, and we will be ready to support it with our research activities in Beijing," he said.

　　In his view, policy makers¹² need to send clear signals to encourage the necessary investments in advanced biofuels.

　　"The best thing to do is have a requirement for blending ethanol into gasoline, which has worked very well in the U.S. and in Europe even though numbers are much smaller," he told Xinhua.

　　Incentives¹³ for the collection of agricultural residues¹⁴ and investment support can also help move the world in terms of reducing greenhouse gasses, stimulating¹⁵ economies and providing energy security as "continued reliance on fossil fuels is not viable," he said. (1 euro = 1.35 U.S. dollars)

1 joint   

adj.联合的，共同的；n.关节，接合处；v.连接，贴合

参考例句：

• I had a bad fall,which put my shoulder out of joint.我重重地摔了一跤，肩膀脫臼了。
• We wrote a letter in joint names.我们联名写了封信。

2 equity   

n.公正，公平，（无固定利息的）股票

参考例句：

• They shared the work of the house with equity.他们公平地分担家务。
• To capture his equity,Murphy must either sell or refinance.要获得资产净值，墨菲必须出售或者重新融资。

3 entirely   

ad.全部地，完整地；完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

• The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。
• His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

4 innovative   

adj.革新的，新颖的，富有革新精神的

参考例句：

• Discover an innovative way of marketing.发现一个创新的营销方式。
• He was one of the most creative and innovative engineers of his generation.他是他那代人当中最富创造性与革新精神的工程师之一。

5 enzymes   

n. 酶，酵素

参考例句：

• It was said that washing powders containing enzymes remove stains more efficiently. 据说加酶洗衣粉除污更有效。
• Among the enzymes which are particularly effective are pepsin, papain. 在酶当中特别有效的是胃朊酶、木瓜酶。

6 emissions   

排放物( emission的名词复数 )； 散发物（尤指气体）

参考例句：

• Most scientists accept that climate change is linked to carbon emissions. 大多数科学家都相信气候变化与排放的含碳气体有关。
• Dangerous emissions radiate from plutonium. 危险的辐射物从钚放散出来。

7 replacement   

n.取代，替换，交换；替代品，代用品

参考例句：

• We are hard put to find a replacement for our assistant.我们很难找到一个人来代替我们的助手。
• They put all the students through the replacement examination.他们让所有的学生参加分班考试。

8 replicability   

可复制性，复现性

参考例句：

• One of the characteristic features of this technique is its replicability. 这种技术的独特的特征之一就是它的可重复性。
• Third, investment know-how unknowable and non-replicability. 三是投资诀窍的不可知和不可复制性。

9 noted   

adj.著名的，知名的

参考例句：

• The local hotel is noted for its good table.当地的那家酒店以餐食精美而著称。
• Jim is noted for arriving late for work.吉姆上班迟到出了名。

10 refineries   

精炼厂( refinery的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• The efforts on closedown and suspension of small sugar refineries, small saccharin refineries and small paper mills are also being carried out in steps. 关停小糖厂、小糖精厂、小造纸厂的工作也已逐步展开。
• Hence the sitting of refineries is at a distance from population centres. 所以，炼油厂的厂址总在远离人口集中的地方。

11 renewal   

adj.(契约)延期，续订，更新，复活，重来

参考例句：

• Her contract is coming up for renewal in the autumn.她的合同秋天就应该续签了。
• Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征新生。

12 makers   

n.制造者，制造商（maker的复数形式）

参考例句：

• The makers of the product assured us that there had been no sacrifice of quality. 这一产品的制造商向我们保证说他们没有牺牲质量。
• The makers are about to launch out a new product. 制造商们马上要生产一种新产品。 来自《简明英汉词典》

13 incentives   

激励某人做某事的事物( incentive的名词复数 )； 刺激； 诱因； 动机

参考例句：

• tax incentives to encourage savings 鼓励储蓄的税收措施
• Furthermore, subsidies provide incentives only for investments in equipment. 更有甚者，提供津贴仅是为鼓励增添设备的投资。 来自英汉非文学 - 环境法 - 环境法

14 residues   

n.剩余，余渣( residue的名词复数 )；剩余财产；剩数

参考例句：

• pesticide residues in fruit and vegetables 残留在水果和蔬菜中的杀虫剂
• All organic and metallic residues on the wafers must be removed. 片子上所有的有机和金属残留物均必须清除。 来自辞典例句

15 stimulating   

adj.有启发性的，能激发人思考的

参考例句：

• shower gel containing plant extracts that have a stimulating effect on the skin 含有对皮肤有益的植物精华的沐浴凝胶
• This is a drug for stimulating nerves. 这是一种兴奋剂。