2016年经济学人 一周要闻 奥地利大选极右派败北 希腊与债权人达成突破性协议

 

Politics this week

本周政治要闻

Alexander Van der Bellen, a former head of the Green party, won Austria's presidential election by just 31,000 votes, defeating Norbert Hofer of the Freedom Party. Had he won this post, Mr. Hofer would have been the first far-right head of state in the European Union. His surprisingly high support reflected voter anger over immigration. As in several European countries, the far right has been making ground.

奥地利绿党（Green party）前导人亚历山大·范德贝伦（Alexander Van der Bellen）仅以31000票击败自由党候选人诺贝特·霍费尔（Norbert Hofer），赢得奥地利总统选举。如果霍费尔赢得此次选举，他将成为欧盟历史上首位极端右翼国家领导人。霍费尔高涨的支持率反映了选民在难民问题上的愤怒。极右派势力已在欧洲多国逐渐兴起。

In Brussels Greece's creditors¹ agreed on a deal to secure debt relief for the country. The measures, which were thrashed out in late-night talks after months of wrangling², are intended to restructure Greek debt, which is currently 180% of GDP. Greece will receive 10 billion ($11billion) in aid to help it avoid a default, starting with 7.5 billion next month.

希腊债权人于布鲁塞尔达成协议，同意为该国承担债务责任。经过数月争论和多次深夜商讨，债权人最终提出相应方案，旨在重组希腊债务（希腊目前债务总值是其GDP的1.8倍）。希腊将收到100亿欧元（约110亿美元）援助金，用于偿还拖欠金额。第一批75亿欧元援助金将于下个月发放。

After being detained in Russia for two years Nadia Savchenko, a Ukrainian pilot, was released from jail and sent home. She was exchanged for two Russian prisoners captured in Ukraine. On her return home Ms Savchenko ironically thanked those who had “wished me evil”, and was greeted as a national hero.

在被俄罗斯扣押两年之久后，乌克兰飞行员纳季娅·萨夫琴科（Nadia Savchenko）获赦回国，同时作为交换，两名关押在乌克兰的俄罗斯囚犯也重新回到俄罗斯。回国途中，萨夫琴科讽刺地向那些“咒骂自己”的人表示感谢。她被乌克兰民众奉为国家英雄。

In Turkey Binali Yildirim was sworn in as prime minister following the ouster of his predecessor³, Ahmet Davutoglu. Mr. Yildirim is a loyal supporter of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the president, and vowed⁴ to continue with an overhaul⁵ of the constitution which is handing more powers to the presidency⁶.

继土耳其前总理艾哈迈德·达乌特奥卢（Ahmet Davutoglu）辞去总理一职后，比纳利·耶尔德勒姆（Binali Yildirim）宣誓接任总理职位。耶尔德勒姆是土耳其总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安（Recep Tayyip Erdogan）的忠实支持者，并承诺继续推进制度改革，将更多的权力递交到总统手中。

Romero Jucá, Brazil's planning minister, stepped aside after tapes were leaked in which he appeared to suggest that the impeachment⁷ of the president, Dilma Rousseff, would blunt an investigation⁸ into the multibillion- dollar scandal centered on Petrobras, the state-controlled oil company. Mr Jucá, one of the targets of the investigation, says his remarks were misinterpreted. He was only recently appointed by the interim⁹ president, Michel Temer. The new government proposed several reform measures, including a cap on the growth of public spending.

随着“录音丑闻”的曝光，巴西计划部长罗梅罗·茹卡（Romero Jucá）引咎辞职。茹卡在录音中称，只有弹劾总统迪尔玛·罗塞夫（Dilma Rousseff）才能阻止贪腐调查的进行。该贪腐调查主要针对巴西国家石油公司（Petrobras），涉及金额数十亿美元。作为调查对象之一，茹卡表示自己的言论受到了曲解。茹卡近日被代总统米歇尔·特梅尔（Michel Temer）任命为计划部长。巴西临时政府提出了数项改革方案，其中包括限制政府开支。

1 creditors   

n.债权人，债主( creditor的名词复数 )

参考例句：

• They agreed to repay their creditors over a period of three years. 他们同意3年内向债主还清欠款。 来自《简明英汉词典》
• Creditors could obtain a writ for the arrest of their debtors. 债权人可以获得逮捕债务人的令状。 来自《简明英汉词典》

2 wrangling   

v.争吵，争论，口角( wrangle的现在分词 )

参考例句：

• The two sides have spent most of their time wrangling over procedural problems. 双方大部分时间都在围绕程序问题争论不休。 来自辞典例句
• The children were wrangling (with each other) over the new toy. 孩子为新玩具（互相）争吵。 来自辞典例句

3 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。

4 vowed   

起誓，发誓（vow的过去式与过去分词形式）

参考例句：

• He vowed quite solemnly that he would carry out his promise. 他非常庄严地发誓要实现他的诺言。
• I vowed to do more of the cooking myself. 我发誓自己要多动手做饭。

5 overhaul   

v./n.大修，仔细检查

参考例句：

• Master Worker Wang is responsible for the overhaul of this grinder.王师傅主修这台磨床。
• It is generally appreciated that the rail network needs a complete overhaul.众所周知，铁路系统需要大检修。

6 presidency   

n.总统(校长，总经理)的职位(任期)

参考例句：

• Roosevelt was elected four times to the presidency of the United States.罗斯福连续当选四届美国总统。
• Two candidates are emerging as contestants for the presidency.两位候选人最终成为总统职位竞争者。

7 impeachment   

n.弹劾；控告；怀疑

参考例句：

• Impeachment is considered a drastic measure in the United States.在美国，弹劾被视为一种非常激烈的措施。
• The verdict resulting from his impeachment destroyed his political career.他遭弹劾后得到的判决毁了他的政治生涯。

8 investigation   

n.调查，调查研究

参考例句：

• In an investigation,a new fact became known, which told against him.在调查中新发现了一件对他不利的事实。
• He drew the conclusion by building on his own investigation.他根据自己的调查研究作出结论。

9 interim   

adj.暂时的，临时的；n.间歇，过渡期间

参考例句：

• The government is taking interim measures to help those in immediate need.政府正在采取临时措施帮助那些有立即需要的人。
• It may turn out to be an interim technology.这可能只是个过渡技术。