2019年经济学人 一周要闻 特朗普要求行政政权 美国或加征墨西哥关税 支付业第三次大型合并

 

The world this week

本周要闻

politics

政治

Kassym-Jomart Tokayev was confirmed as Kazakhstan’s president in an election in which he won 71% of the vote—somewhat less than the 98% that his predecessor¹ and patron, Nursultan Nazarbayev, won in 2015. Observers said both votes were unfair. Police arrested hundreds of peaceful demonstrators.

卡西姆-乔马特·托卡耶夫被确认当选哈萨克斯坦总统，他赢得了71%的选票，略低于其前任兼赞助人努尔苏丹·纳扎尔巴耶夫于2015年赢得的98%的选票。观察人士说，这两次选举都不公平。警方逮捕了数百名和平示威者。

The government of the Australian state of Queensland issued the final approvals for the proposed Carmichael coal mine, to be built by Adani, an Indian conglomerate². Environmentalists oppose the mine, arguing that coal threatens the climate and the Great Barrier Reef.

澳大利亚昆士兰州政府对印度企业集团Adani拟建的Carmichael煤矿下达了最终的批准。环保人士对此表示反对，称煤炭开采威胁气候和大堡礁。

Mauricio Macri made a surprising selection for his running-mate in Argentina’s presidential election in October: Miguel ángel Pichetto, who leads the Peronist bloc³ in the senate. The other presidential ticket will be all-Peronist, including Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, a former president. Previous Peronist regimes have borrowed and splurged with unusual recklessness.

毛里西奥·马克里在今年10月的阿根廷总统大选中意外选择了米格尔·安吉尔·皮切托为竞选伙伴。皮切托在参议院领导着庇隆主义集团。另一位总统候选人也是不折不扣的庇隆主义者，包括前总统克里斯蒂娜·费尔南德斯·德基什内尔也不例外。前庇隆主义政权曾以不寻常的鲁莽方式借贷、挥霍无度。

Jair Bolsonaro, Brazil’s president, contradicted the country’s central bank when he claimed a plan to create a monetary⁴ union with Argentina was under consideration. The central bank was further ruffled⁵ when Mr Bolsonaro said that a single currency could one day be used throughout South America.

巴西总统博尔索纳罗声称，正在考虑与阿根廷建立货币联盟的计划，这与巴西央行的说法想矛盾。当博尔索纳罗声称有朝一日单一货币可在整个南美洲流通时，巴西央行更加恼火。

Donald Trump⁶ dropped his threat to raise tariffs⁷ on goods from Mexico, after its government promised to do more to stop migrants from Central America illegally crossing the border into the United States. In Mexico the deal was hailed for averting⁸ a potential crisis. Mr Trump’s critics said that some of the details were not, in fact, new.

特朗普取消了对墨西哥商品提高关税的威胁，此前墨西哥政府承诺会采取更多措施阻止中美洲非法越境进入美国的移民。该协议因避免了潜在的危机而受到墨西哥民众的称赞。特朗普的批评者表示，其中一些细节其实已经屡见不鲜。

Mr Trump claimed executive privilege (again) in withholding⁹ details from Congress about the procedure used for placing a question on the next census¹⁰ about citizenship¹¹. The House oversight¹² committee recommended that the attorney-general and commerce secretary be held in contempt for refusing to co-operate.

特朗普(再次)要求享有行政特权，不向国会披露有关下次人口普查中公民身份问题的程序细节。众议院监督委员会建议，以“藐视法庭”罪判决拒绝合作的司法部长和商务部长。

The New York Times decided¹³ to end political cartoons in its international edition, following the publication in April of a “clearly anti-Semitic and indefensible” caricature of Binyamin Netanyahu, Israel’s prime minister, as a dog leading a yarmulke-wearing Mr Trump. Presumably if the paper ever publishes a reprehensible¹⁴ article, it will thereafter have to distribute only blank pages.

《纽约时报》决定停刊其国际版面发表的政治漫画，今年4月，该报刊登了一幅“赤裸裸的反犹太”的漫画，将以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚画成一只导盲犬，被戴着小圆帽的特朗普牵着。据推测，如果该报纸曾发表过应受谴责的文章，那么以后它只能发布空白页。

1 predecessor   

n.前辈，前任

参考例句：

• It will share the fate of its predecessor.它将遭受与前者同样的命运。
• The new ambassador is more mature than his predecessor.新大使比他的前任更成熟一些。

2 conglomerate   

n.综合商社，多元化集团公司

参考例句：

• The firm has been taken over by an American conglomerate.该公司已被美国一企业集团接管。
• An American conglomerate holds a major share in the company.一家美国的大联合企业持有该公司的大部分股份。

3 bloc   

n.集团；联盟

参考例句：

• A solid bloc of union members support the decision.工会会员团结起来支持该决定。
• There have been growing tensions within the trading bloc.贸易同盟国的关系越来越紧张。

4 monetary   

adj.货币的，钱的；通货的；金融的；财政的

参考例句：

• The monetary system of some countries used to be based on gold.过去有些国家的货币制度是金本位制的。
• Education in the wilderness is not a matter of monetary means.荒凉地区的教育不是钱财问题。

5 ruffled   

adj. 有褶饰边的, 起皱的 动词ruffle的过去式和过去分词

参考例句：

• She ruffled his hair affectionately. 她情意绵绵地拨弄着他的头发。
• All this talk of a strike has clearly ruffled the management's feathers. 所有这些关于罢工的闲言碎语显然让管理层很不高兴。

6 trump   

n.王牌，法宝；v.打出王牌，吹喇叭

参考例句：

• He was never able to trump up the courage to have a showdown.他始终鼓不起勇气摊牌。
• The coach saved his star player for a trump card.教练保留他的明星选手，作为他的王牌。

7 tariffs   

关税制度； 关税( tariff的名词复数 )； 关税表； （旅馆或饭店等的）收费表； 量刑标准

参考例句：

• British industry was sheltered from foreign competition by protective tariffs. 保护性关税使英国工业免受国际竞争影响。
• The new tariffs have put a stranglehold on trade. 新的关税制对开展贸易极为不利。

8 averting   

防止，避免( avert的现在分词 )； 转移

参考例句：

• The margin of time for averting crisis was melting away. 可以用来消弥这一危机的些许时光正在逝去。
• These results underscore the value of rescue medications in averting psychotic relapse. 这些结果显示了救护性治疗对避免精神病复发的价值。

9 withholding   

扣缴税款

参考例句：

• She was accused of withholding information from the police. 她被指控对警方知情不报。
• The judge suspected the witness was withholding information. 法官怀疑见证人在隐瞒情况。

10 census   

n.(官方的)人口调查，人口普查

参考例句：

• A census of population is taken every ten years.人口普查每10年进行一次。
• The census is taken one time every four years in our country.我国每四年一次人口普查。

11 citizenship   

n.市民权，公民权，国民的义务(身份)

参考例句：

• He was born in Sweden,but he doesn't have Swedish citizenship.他在瑞典出生，但没有瑞典公民身分。
• Ten years later,she chose to take Australian citizenship.十年后，她选择了澳大利亚国籍。

12 oversight   

n.勘漏，失察，疏忽

参考例句：

• I consider this a gross oversight on your part.我把这件事看作是你的一大疏忽。
• Your essay was not marked through an oversight on my part.由于我的疏忽你的文章没有打分。

13 decided   

adj.决定了的，坚决的；明显的，明确的

参考例句：

• This gave them a decided advantage over their opponents.这使他们比对手具有明显的优势。
• There is a decided difference between British and Chinese way of greeting.英国人和中国人打招呼的方式有很明显的区别。

14 reprehensible   

adj.该受责备的

参考例句：

• Lying is not seen as being morally reprehensible in any strong way.人们并不把撒谎当作一件应该大加谴责的事儿。
• It was reprehensible of him to be so disloyal.他如此不忠，应受谴责。